scholarly journals Prophylactic Treatments of Cycas Stem Wounds Influence Vegetative Propagation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194008292092059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler ◽  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Gil N. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Open Wound ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Pruning Wound ◽  
Modeling Clay ◽  
Parenchyma Tissue

Cycad stem cuttings will develop adventitious roots if the open wound is first treated with a sealant to protect the exposed parenchyma tissue. The commercial pruning wound sealant that is often employed for this purpose is not available in many locations. We used commonly available products as a prophylactic sealant on Cycas edentata , Cycas micronesica , and Cycas nitida cuttings to determine efficacy for sealing the wound and enabling adventitious root formation. Success was quantified after 7 months in a sand propagation substrate. Mortality was 100% for control cuttings with no wound sealant and about 60% for cuttings with candle wax as the sealant. Cuttings that received petroleum jelly, lanolin paste, modeling clay, honeycomb wax, or commercial pruning sealant exhibited 100% survival. Success in adventitious root formation ranged from 75% to 92% among the five successful prophylactic treatments and did not differ among the species. The results indicated that four of the products we evaluated were as effective as commercial pruning sealant for treating the exposed parenchyma on Cycas stem cuttings and enabling asexual propagation success. The candle wax was less effective because it was brittle and cracked to expose the stem’s parenchyma tissue.

scholarly journals Stem Carbohydrates and Adventitious Root Formation of Cycas micronesica following Aulacaspis yasumatsui Infestation

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Healthy Tree ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Carbohydrate Concentration ◽  
Manipulative Experiments

Large stem cuttings were removed from Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill trees and used for asexual propagation to more fully understand resource factors that influence adventitious root formation success. Healthy source trees had received insecticide protection from ubiquitous Aulacaspsis yasumatsui Takagi infestations and unhealthy source trees had suffered from chronic A. yasumatsui infestations. Nonstructural carbohydrates were quantified from stem tissues at the base of each 1-m cutting, and induction of adventitious roots was attempted using field soil as the medium. Carbohydrate concentrations were increased in healthy, protected tree cuttings above those in unhealthy, infested tree cuttings. The relative increase was greatest in the hexoses, intermediate in sucrose, and least in starch. The total nonstructural carbohydrate concentration in cuttings of infested trees was 54% of that of protected trees, and the sugar/starch quotient of infested trees exceeded that of protected trees. Asexual propagation success was 30% for the unhealthy tree cuttings and 100% for the healthy tree cuttings. These manipulative experiments confirm that chronic A. yasumatsui herbivory of C. micronesica trees reduces stem carbohydrates and decreases asexual propagation success. The results indicate that the use of large cuttings from unhealthy C. micronesica trees to rescue tree populations from construction sites is not a wise conservation decision in habitats where A. yasumatsui herbivory has been uncontrolled. Protocols for future rescue operations designed to transplant C. micronesica trees from construction sites may be improved by this new knowledge.

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling during adventitious root formation in carnation stem cuttings

BMC Genomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Villacorta-Martín ◽  
Ana Belén Sánchez-García ◽  
Joan Villanova ◽  
Antonio Cano ◽  
Miranda van de Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings

scholarly journals Highly Successful Adventitious Root Formation of Zamia L. Stem Cuttings Exhibits Minimal Response to Indole-3-Butyric Acid

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1463-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Anders J. Lindström ◽  
Frank A. Camacho ◽  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Adventitious Root Development

The influences of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0–30 mg·g−1 on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings were determined. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The IBA concentrations did not influence the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea, but the Z. integrifolia cuttings that received IBA concentration of 3 mg·g−1 generated adventitious roots more slowly than the cuttings in the control group. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were not influenced by IBA concentration for either species. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species is successful without horticultural application of IBA. Additional IBA studies are needed on the other 300+ cycad species, especially those that are in a threatened category.

scholarly journals A comprehensive phylogeny of auxin homeostasis genes involved in adventitious root formation in carnation stem cuttings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0196663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Sánchez-García ◽  
Sergio Ibáñez ◽  
Antonio Cano ◽  
Manuel Acosta ◽  
José Manuel Pérez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Auxin Homeostasis

scholarly journals Leaf Retention on Stem Cuttings of Two Zamia L. Species With or Without Anti-transpirants Does Not Improve Adventitious Root Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 194008292096690
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Deloso ◽  
Charles J. Paulino ◽  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
Adventitious Root Development ◽  
Wild Harvesting ◽  
Leaf Retention ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Improved horticultural practices may help to reduce demand for wild cycads threatened by unsustainable collection. We determined the influences of leaf retention with or without anti-transpirants on the success and speed of adventitious root development of Zamia furfuracea L.f. and Zamia integrifolia L.f. stem cuttings. Root formation success for both species was greater than 95%. The experimental treatments did not influence the percentage success or the speed of root development for Z. furfuracea or Z. integrifolia. The ending dry weights of the stems, leaves, and roots were also not influenced by the experimental treatments. Our results indicated that adventitious root formation on stem cuttings of these two Zamia species was highly successful with or without retained leaves, and horticultural application of transpiration-reducing products on retained leaves did not improve success. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that show how the horticulture nursery industry can meet horticultural demands in an effort to stop wild harvesting of threatened plants. Conservation of cycads as a group would benefit from more horticulture studies such as this, especially if the research includes threatened species.

scholarly journals Anatomy of Adventitious Root Formation in Stem Cuttings of Mussaenda erythrophylla L. `Rosea'

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 634b-634
Author(s):  
Rolston St. Hilaire ◽  
Carlos A. Fierro Berwart
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Fast Green ◽  
Phloem Parenchyma ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs ◽  
Vascular Connections

Mussaendas (Mussaenda spp.) are ornamental shrubs, and some cultivars are difficult to root. This study was conducted to explore how adventitious roots initiate and develop in the cultivar Rosea, and to determine if anatomical events are associated with difficulty in rooting stem cuttings. Stem cuttings were treated with 5, 10, 15 mm 1H-indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or distilled water, and sampled every 2 days over 26 days to observe adventitious root formation and development. For analysis by light microscopy, the basal 1 cm of cuttings was embedded in wax and stained with safranin-fast green. Adventitious roots initiated from phloem parenchyma cells and from basal callus in nontreated cuttings. Cuttings treated with 15 mm IBA had a mean of 18 root primordia per basal 1 cm of cutting after 10 days. Root primordia were not observed in non-treated cuttings at 10 days. Root primordia that developed in non-treated cuttings lacked clear vascular connections. These results suggest that non-treated cuttings are difficult to root because few primordia are produced.

Dynamic changes of phytohormone signaling in the base of Taxus media stem cuttings during adventitious root formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 338-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Ren ◽  
Huayang Hu ◽  
Xiujun Luo ◽  
Chengchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Taxus Media ◽  
Phytohormone Signaling
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