Double Jeopardy: Prematurity and Congenital Heart Disease—What's Known and Why It's Important

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
John M. Costello ◽  
Faith Kim ◽  
Richard Polin ◽  
Ganga Krishnamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Double Jeopardy ◽  
Increased Risk

This article is based on a composite of talks presented during the Double Jeopardy: Prematurity and Congenital Heart Disease Plenary Session at NeoHeart 2020, a global virtual conference. Prematurity and low weight remain significant risk factors for mortality after neonatal cardiac surgery despite a steady increase in survival. Newer and lower weight thresholds for operability are constantly generated as surgeons gather proficiency, technical mastery, and experience in performing complex procedures on extremely small infants. The relationship between birth weight and survival after cardiac surgery is nonlinear with 2 kilograms (kg) being an inflection point below which marked decline in survival occurs. The prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in premature infants is more than twice that in term born infants. Increased risk of preterm birth in infants with CHD is most commonly due to spontaneous preterm birth and remains poorly understood. Advances in Neonatal-Perinatal medicine have led to a marked improvement in survival of neonates born prematurely over the last several decades. However, the risk of severe morbidities including retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis remains significant in extremely low birth weight infants. Premature infants with CHD are at a greater risk of prematurity related morbidities than premature infants without CHD. Interventions that have been successful in decreasing the risk of these morbidities are addressed.

Congenital Heart Disease in non-Diabetic Large-for-Gestational-Age (LGA) Neonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Firouzi ◽  
Hamidreza Sherkatolabbasieh ◽  
Alireza Nezami ◽  
Shiva Shafizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Congenital Heart Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Heart Abnormalities

Background: Congenital heart diseases are the most prevalent congenital abnormalities in the neonates, caused by the environmental and genetic factors and contribute to the leading cause of death. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between neonates with large for gestational age and increased risk of congenital heart diseases among nondiabetic mothers. Methods: In this study, 179 neonates with large for gestational age in Khorramabad were enrolled where heart abnormalities were evaluated using echocardiography. Results: 87 neonates had more than 4000 g of the birth weight with no heart abnormalities and 92 (51%) macrosomic neonates had congenital heart diseases. Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between birth weight and increased risk of acquiring congenital heart disease between the two groups. There was no significant relationship between birth weight, maternal age, gender, labor type and blood group between the two groups. The highest incidence of congenital heart anomalies was related to 38% of arterial septal defect (ASD) and 15.2% of ASD and VSD, respectively Conclusion: The most prevalent abnormality was arterial septal ASD. None of these abnormalities were associated with maternal age, birth weight and neonate gender. Future studies for congenital heart disease and neonatal birth weight are therefore, recommended.

325: Risk of preterm birth and low birth weight in women with congenital heart disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. S153-S154
Author(s):  
Martina Badell ◽  
Emir Veledar ◽  
Andrea Horowitz ◽  
David Kappa ◽  
Wendy Book
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Congenital Heart

scholarly journals Predictive role of perioperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in pediatric congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqiang Yin ◽  
Mei Xin ◽  
Sheng Ding ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation Time

Abstract Background We aimed to explore the relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the early clinical outcomes in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) after cardiac surgery. Methods A retrospective observational study involving 190 children from January 2013 to August 2019 was conducted. Perioperative clinical and biochemical data were collected. Results We found that pre-operative NLR was significantly correlated with AST, STB, CR and UA (P < 0.05), while post-operative NLR was significantly correlated with ALT, AST, BUN (P < 0.05). Increased post-operative neutrophil count and NLR as well as decreased lymphocyte count could be observed after cardiac surgery (P < 0.05). Level of pre-operative NLR was significantly correlated with mechanical ventilation time, ICU stay time and total length of stay (P < 0.05), while level of post-operative NLR was only significantly correlated to the first two (P < 0.05). By using ROC curve analysis, relevant areas under the curve for predicting prolonged mechanical ventilation time beyond 24 h, 48 h and 72 h by NLR were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion For patients with CHD-PAH, NLR was closely related to early post-operative complications and clinical outcomes, and could act as a novel marker to predict the occurrence of prolonged mechanical ventilation.

scholarly journals Is alternative cardiac surgery an option in adults with congenital heart disease referred for thoracic organ transplantation?†

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Robert Harper ◽  
David Steven Crossland ◽  
Gianluigi Perri ◽  
John Jude O'Sullivan ◽  
Milind Pralhad Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Thoracic Organ

scholarly journals Down syndrome and congenital heart disease: perioperative planning and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Delany ◽  
Stephanie S. Gaydos ◽  
Deborah A. Romeo ◽  
Heather T. Henderson ◽  
Kristi L. Fogg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Single Ventricle ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Perioperative Planning

AbstractApproximately 50% of newborns with Down syndrome have congenital heart disease. Non-cardiac comorbidities may also be present. Many of the principles and strategies of perioperative evaluation and management for patients with congenital heart disease apply to those with Down syndrome. Nevertheless, careful planning for cardiac surgery is required, evaluating for both cardiac and noncardiac disease, with careful consideration of the risk for pulmonary hypertension. In this manuscript, for children with Down syndrome and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, we will summarize the epidemiology of heart defects that warrant intervention. We will review perioperative planning for this unique population, including anesthetic considerations, common postoperative issues, nutritional strategies, and discharge planning. Special considerations for single ventricle palliation and heart transplantation evaluation will also be discussed. Overall, the risk of mortality with cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with Down syndrome is no more than the general population, except for those with functional single ventricle heart defects. Underlying comorbidities may contribute to postoperative complications and increased length of stay. A strong understanding of cardiac and non-cardiac considerations in children with Down syndrome will help clinicians optimize perioperative care and long-term outcomes.

The role of EEG recordings in children undergoing cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 167 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Sascha Meyer ◽  
Martin Poryo ◽  
Mohammed Shatat ◽  
Ludwig Gortner ◽  
Hashim Abdul-Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Eeg Recordings

scholarly journals CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE PATIENTS ARE AT HIGHEST RISK OF RIGHT-SIDED COMPLICATIONS AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY, REGARDLESS THE SIDE OF SURGERY

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. E446
Author(s):  
Mark J. Schuuring ◽  
David Koolbergen ◽  
Mark Hazekamp ◽  
Petr Symersky ◽  
Wim Lagrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart
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