The Importance of Evaluation and Monitoring Within the Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Mandate

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer H. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Disproportionate Minority Contact ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Five Phases

In 2002, the reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 required that states participating in the Formula Grants Program must put forth a good faith effort at addressing juvenile delinquency and the presence of minority youth at all decision-making points of the juvenile justice system without the use of numerical quotas. The last decade has brought about increases in states’ efforts at identifying and assessing the extent of disproportionate minority contact (DMC) across juvenile court contacts. Many states have already implemented or are currently implementing intervention and prevention efforts at reducing DMC. However, the segments of identification, assessment, and intervention are only three of the five phases of the DMC mandate. In light of the progression of the DMC mandate since its original implementation in 1988, the purpose of this essay is to spark discussion on the future of examining DMC in the juvenile justice system through a researcher’s perspective. Various topics that relate to DMC are presented as ideas for readers to consider, as they progress with their research agendas.

scholarly journals Is the United States Juvenile Justice System Working: An Empirical Investigation from the Life Course Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Gbolahan S Osho
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
Dependent Child ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
And Control

The juvenile court was given jurisdiction over neglect and dependent children for the purpose of this act the words dependent child and neglected shall mean any child who for any reason is destitute or homeless, abandoned, no proper parental care or guardianship; or who habitually begs or receives alms; or who is found living, in any house of ill fame or with any vicious or disreputable person; or whose home, by reason of neglect, cruelty or depravity on the part of its parents, guardian or other person in whose care it may be, is an unfit place for such a child” (Abadinsky pg 102). In 1968 Congress “passed the Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act. The act was designed to encourage states to develop plans and programs that would work on community levels to discourage juvenile delinquency. The Juvenile Delinquency Prevention and Control Act was precursor to the extensive Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act that replaced it in 1974. However, to prevent a juvenile from committing a crime or re-offending, this study believes that the juvenile court and the state legislators must designed a program that juveniles can participate in and engage them in positive activities. This way a youth will change his or her behavior and become a law-abiding

The Causes and Pervasiveness of DMC: Stakeholder Perceptions of Disproportionate Minority Contact in the Juvenile Justice System

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherie Dawson-Edwards ◽  
Richard Tewksbury ◽  
Nadia T. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
Stakeholder Perceptions ◽  
Disproportionate Minority Contact ◽  
Statewide Assessment

This study explores perceptions and awareness of disproportionate minority contact (DMC) by stakeholders in juvenile justice, youth-serving community organizations, schools, social services, and the faith community. This study is derived from a statewide assessment, which included in-person interviews with individuals that have personal and professional relationships within the juvenile justice system. Findings support the contention that individuals are either unaware of the prevalence of DMC, have already formed prejudices about minority youth within the system, or do not appreciate the degree of importance DMC has on the development of minority youth.

scholarly journals MODEL PERADILAN RESTORATIF DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN ANAK (Kajian tentang Praktik Mediasi Pelaku dan Korban dalam Proses Peradilan Anak di Wilayah Hukum Balai Pemasyarakatan Purwokerto)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angkasa Angkasa ◽  
Saryono Hanadi ◽  
Muhammad Budi Setyadi
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Justice Model ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Mediation Practice

Legal fundament of implementation of restorative justice in the phase investigation of juvenile justice system  in Indonesia stated in article 5 sentence (1) Law No. 8 Year 1981 concerning KUHAP; article 42 Law No. 3 Year 1997 concerning juvenile court, article 16 sentence ( 1) letter (l), sentence (2) and article 18  Law No. 2 Year 2002 concerning Police Department of Republic of Indonesia, Confidential Telegram of Kabareskrim No. Pol. TR/359/DIT,I/VI/2008. Mediation Perpetrator and Victim in the course of Jurisdiction of Child in jurisdiction territory of prison in Purwokerto, in the form of peace among victim and perpetrator of this child, is conducted in inspection phase, is in prosecution phase and inspection of justice have never been conducted by mediation. Implementation of Mediation in case of child in Jurisdiction territory of Bapas Purwokerto, not yet earned a Restorative Justice Model. This Matter is based on fact that goals of this mediation practice tend to only aim to decontrol continuation. Kata kunci: Juvenile Justice System; Restorative Justice Model; Mediation; prison

scholarly journals Exploring Disproportionate Minority Contact in the Juvenile Justice System Over the Year Following First Arrest

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namita Tanya Padgaonkar ◽  
Amanda E. Baker ◽  
Mirella Dapretto ◽  
Adriana Galván ◽  
Paul J. Frick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Disproportionate Minority Contact

Delinquents' Attitudes toward the Juvenile Justice System

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1119-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Woodbury
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Tests Of Significance ◽  
Black Delinquents ◽  
Z Transformation ◽  
Attitudes Toward The Police

The study investigated (1) the differences in attitudes toward legal agencies between white and black delinquents, (2) group differences on anomie scales and (3) intergroup correlational analyses among attitudes toward legal agencies and anomie scales. A random sample of delinquents (73 white and 73 black) were administered measures of attitudes toward the police, juvenile court, probation and anomie. t tests of significance and z tests using Fisher's r to z transformation assessed group differences. White delinquents had more unfavorable attitudes toward the juvenile court while black delinquents had more hostile attitudes toward the police. White delinquents had more feelings of valuelessness and hopelessness. Black delinquents had more of powerlessness. Correlations suggest that attitudes toward legal agencies and those of anomie may be acquired independently.

Getting Beyond Failure: Promising Approaches for Reducing DMC

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Nellis ◽  
Brad Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Minority Overrepresentation ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Intractable Problem ◽  
To Receive

States that wish to receive federal financial support through the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act for their juvenile justice systems are mandated to address disproportionate minority contact (DMC). A vast number of studies now exist that try to explain the presence, cause, and severity of DMC in states and local jurisdictions, but most work does not move past this point. A newer set of works explores reasons why DMC-reduction efforts fail. In recent years, generous investments from private foundations have led to a renewed sense of hope for success in the seemingly intractable problem of minority overrepresentation in the juvenile justice system. This article presents promising approaches that have resulted from these investments and suggests steps that should be taken from here.

Balanced Approach and Restorative Justice Efforts in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD J. SEYKO
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Special Session ◽  
Court System ◽  
Allegheny County ◽  
Juvenile Probation ◽  
Balanced Approach

On November 17, 1995, the governor of Pennsylvania signed into law Special Session Act 33 of 1995, which redefined the purpose of Pennsylvania's juvenile justice system to incorporate the principles of the Balanced Approach and Restorative Justice (BARJ) philosophy. This article describes the genesis of the new law, explains the BARJ model, and illustrates the effect that the law is having on the juvenile court system in Allegheny County. The article specifically focuses on the numerous projects that the Allegheny County juvenile probation department has instituted to meet the BARJ obligation.

Racial Disparities in the Juvenile Justice System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrika McCoy ◽  
Emalee Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Youth Of Color ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Decision Points ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
And Gender

Racial disparities in the juvenile justice system, more commonly known as disproportionate minority contact (DMC), are the overrepresentation, disparity, and disproportionate numbers of youth of color entering and moving deeper into the juvenile justice system. There has been some legislative attention to the issue since the implementation of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (JJDPA) and most recently with attempts in 2017 to reauthorize the Act. Originally focused solely on confinement, it became clear by 1988 there was disproportionality at all decision points in the juvenile justice system, and the focus changed to contact. DMC most commonly is known to impact Black and Hispanic youth, but a closer look reveals how other youth of color are also impacted. Numerous factors have been previously identified that create DMC, but increasingly factors such as zero-tolerance in schools and proactive policing in communities are continuing to negatively impact reduction efforts. Emerging issues indicate the need to consider society’s demographic changes, the criminalization of spaces often occupied by youth of color, and gender differences when creating and implementing strategies to reduce DMC.

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