scholarly journals Workplace Homicides in Chicago

AAOHN Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Beauchamp Hewitt ◽  
Pamela F. Levin ◽  
Susan Terry Misner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Police Records ◽  
Violence In The Workplace ◽  
Using Data

Using data from police records, this study examined risk factors related to 940 workplace homicides occurring in Chicago between 1965 and 1990. Black men were predominantly both victims (49%) and offenders (75%). The median age for victims was 42 years, but only 25 years for offenders. Women (40%) were more likely than men (6%) to be killed by intimates. Firearms were involved in 83% of all homicides, and robbery was the primary motive (62%). Workplace homicides occurred most frequently in taverns (22%). Alcohol use by tavern workers was involved in 48% of the homicides. Wide disparity in the number of workplace homicides occurred in Chicago's 77 community areas. Strategies to deter robbery and alcohol use, as well as to prevent domestic violence in the workplace, need to be implemented and evaluated. Occupational health nurses play a pivotal role in effective violence prevention.

Polydrug Use and Dating Violence Among Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093442
Author(s):  
Hye Jeong Choi ◽  
Hannah Grigorian ◽  
Alisa Garner ◽  
Gregory L. Stuart ◽  
Jeff. R. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Polysubstance Use

We examined sociodemographic and psychosocial risk factors that moderate the (poly) substance use and dating violence victimization and perpetration relationship among emerging adults. Using an ethnically diverse sample ( N = 698), we used latent class analyses to identify mutually exclusive groups based on monthly and past-year substance use. We then examined these groups as they relate to dating violence victimization and perpetration and the moderating effect of various risk factors. Five classes were identified based on substance use patterns: (a) Regular Alcohol use, (b) Polysubstance use, (c) Heavy Alcohol and Marijuana use, (d) Mild Alcohol use, and (e) Occasional Alcohol and Marijuana use classes. Participants in the Polysubstance use class were the most likely to perpetrate dating violence followed by Heavy Alcohol and Marijuana use, Occasional Alcohol and Marijuana use, Regular Alcohol, and Mild Alcohol use classes. Similarly, participants in the Polysubstance use class were the most likely to be victims of dating violence followed by Occasional Alcohol and Marijuana, Heavy Alcohol and Marijuana, Regular Alcohol, and Mild Alcohol use classes. Depending on substance use class, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, history of dating violence, and trauma symptoms differentially influenced dating violence perpetration and victimization at 1-year follow-up. Our findings support the need to comprehensively address dating violence among emerging adults. Intimate partner violence prevention and intervention programs may benefit from targeting emerging adults who misuse substances and incorporating substance use interventions into dating violence prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment: Implementation Into an RN-BSN Curriculum

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 537-542
Author(s):  
Chad Rittle ◽  
Heather Santa ◽  
Alexandra Falk ◽  
Alexandra Nowalk
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Bachelor Of Science ◽  
Treatment Implementation ◽  
Health Course

Background: The incidence of alcohol and substance misuse continues to be a problem in the workplace. Methods: A partnership between two universities and a federal agency implemented SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment) into a three-credit, 7-week online Community and Environmental Health Course for licensed nurses earning their Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree. SBIRT is an early intervention, targeting nondependent substance users before needing specialized treatment. Findings: Over seven semesters, 119 students completed the SBIRT curriculum. We observed a significant increase in knowledge about standard drink sizes and recognizing the most reliable alcohol use questionnaire (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT]). Students perceived themselves as competent in assessing patient readiness to change, making the best treatment decisions, and referring patients for appropriate care. Most students found significant value of SBIRT in their current practice setting. Conclusion/Application to Practice: The SBIRT curriculum was found to be a valuable tool for nurses in screening and referring patients to care who are at risk of alcohol and drug misuse. It is important for occupational health nurses to learn the necessary skills for assessing workers for alcohol and drug misuse. The occupational health nurse is encouraged to practice their skills at every patient encounter for purposes of refining their skills. Employers are concerned about drug and alcohol misuse in the workplace and occupational health nurses are the optimal group to intervene with workers who need assistance.

Sibling Alcohol Use Disorder Is Associated With Increased Risk for Suicide Attempt

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262110250
Author(s):  
Mallory E. Stephenson ◽  
Sara Larsson Lönn ◽  
Jessica E. Salvatore ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Shared Genetic

The association between having a sibling diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and risk for suicide attempt may be attributable to shared genetic liability between AUD and suicidal behavior, effects of environmental exposure to a sibling’s AUD, or both. To distinguish between these alternatives, we conducted a series of Cox regression models using data derived from Swedish population-based registers with national coverage. Among full sibling pairs (656,807 males and 607,096 females), we found that, even after we accounted for the proband’s AUD status, the proband’s risk for suicide attempt was significantly elevated when the proband’s sibling was affected by AUD. Furthermore, the proband’s risk for suicide attempt was consistently higher when the sibling’s AUD registration had occurred more recently. Our findings provide evidence for exposure to sibling AUD as an environmental risk factor for suicide attempt and suggest that clinical outreach may be warranted following a sibling’s diagnosis with AUD.

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