scholarly journals Detection of early osteoarthritis in canine knee joints 3 weeks post ACL transection by microscopic MRI and biomechanical measurement

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 230949901877835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mittelstaedt ◽  
David Kahn ◽  
Yang Xia
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Early Developmental Stage ◽  
Early Osteoarthritis ◽  
Biomechanical Stress ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Transverse Resolution ◽  
Acl Transection

Purpose: To detect early osteoarthritis (OA) in a canine Pond–Nuki model 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection surgery, both topographically over the medial tibial surface and depth-dependently over the cartilage thickness. Methods: Four topographical locations on each OA and contralateral medial tibia were imaged individually by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 17.6 µm transverse resolution. The quantitative MRI T2 relaxation data were correlated with the biomechanical stress-relaxation measurements from adjacent locations. Results: OA cartilage was thinner than the contralateral tissue and had a lower modulus compared to the contralateral cartilage for the exterior, interior, and central medial tibia locations. Depth-dependent and topographical variations were detected in OA cartilage by a number of parameters (compressive modulus, glycosaminoglycan concentration, bulk and zonal thicknesses, T2 at 0° and 55° specimen orientations in the magnet). T2 demonstrated significant differences at varying depths between OA and contralateral cartilage. Conclusion: ACL transection caused a number of changes in the tibial cartilage at 3 weeks after the surgery. The characteristics of these changes, which are topographic and depth-dependent, likely reflect the complex degradation in this canine model of OA at the early developmental stage.

Value of Preoperative MRI and Examination under Anesthesia for Differentiating Complete from Partial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (07) ◽  
pp. 620-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cavinatto ◽  
Sunny Gupta ◽  
Craig Morgan ◽  
Arthur R. Bartolozzi
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Single Bundle ◽  
Partial Tears ◽  
Prospective Case Series ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Patient Prognosis

AbstractPartial tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) recently regained attention due to a better understanding of the two distinct bundles of the ligament and the possibility of single-bundle reconstruction procedures. An accurate diagnosis is important as it influences treatment options and patient prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of examination under anesthesia (EUA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiating partial from complete ACL tears. For this purpose, this prospective case series included 95 consecutive patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction surgeries. MRI, EUA, and MRI combined with EUA were performed preoperatively, and results were compared with arthroscopy. Our data showed that ACL lesions were diagnosed as partial tears in 42.1% (n = 40) of EUA, 23.2% (n = 22) of MRI, and 11.6% (n = 11) of arthroscopies. EUA and MRI demonstrated sensitivity of 100 and 90.1%, and specificity of 65.5 and 85.6%, respectively. Combined EUA and MRI demonstrated sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 83.1%. Our study revealed that preoperatively MRI and EUA may help surgeons early identify partial ACL tears and influence treatment decisions.

Neurogenic origin of articular hyperemia in early degenerative joint disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (3) ◽  
pp. R745-R752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason J. McDougall ◽  
William R. Ferrell ◽  
Robert C. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Joint Instability ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Calcitonin Gene ◽  
Neurogenic Origin ◽  
Vasomotor Activity ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Supporting Structures ◽  
Acl Transection

It has been speculated that joint instability resulting from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture could be exacerbated by changes in vasomotor activity in the remaining supporting structures. In this study, the effect of ACL transection on medial collateral ligament (MCL) basal perfusion and its responsiveness to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and sympathetic adrenergic influences was examined. Using urethan-anesthetized rabbits, we tested the effects of CGRP and its antagonist CGRP-(8—37) by topical application of these agents to the exposed knee while sympathetic influences were tested by electrically stimulating the saphenous nerve. It was found that MCL basal perfusion was elevated in ACL-sectioned joints; however, this effect was abrogated by prior resection of the articular nerve supply. At the doses tested, the normal vasodilator response to CGRP was abolished in ACL-sectioned joints, whereas the response to CGRP-(8—37) was attenuated. Even under the influence of increased constrictor tone, MCL and capsule blood vessels still showed substantially reduced responses to exogenous CGRP administration. By contrast, nerve-mediated constrictor responses were mostly unaffected by joint instability. This study suggests that posttraumatic knee joint hyperemia is neurogenically mediated, possibly by increased secretion of CGRP.

scholarly journals ACL partial tears: Is it possible to define which bundle is compromised using magnetic resonance?

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967118S0020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Stagnaro ◽  
Alejandro Rasumoff ◽  
Carlos H. Yacuzzi ◽  
Juan Pablo Zicaro ◽  
Matías Costa Paz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Diagnostic Image ◽  
Arthroscopic Findings ◽  
Partial Tears ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Pl Bundle

Objective: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears are diagnosed through a clinical examination and imaging confirmation. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the diagnostic image method of choice; however the sensitivity is variable for the different kind of partial injuries. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the MRI in the diagnosis of clinically unstable partial ACL tears that already underwent surgical treatment and define which bundle was compromised. Methods: A retrospective review of the preoperative MRI of 40 patients who were surgically operated because of ACL tears was executed. In all cases, arthroscopic findings defined one bundle was intact. All MRI were reviewed by a single osteo-articular specialist staff of the Image Department. All injuries were classified according to which bundle was involved (anteromedial (AM) or posterolateral (PL)). Results were compared with the surgical findings. Results: Concordance between MRI and arthroscopic findings was 42.5% (17/40 patients). If we analyze AM and PL tears separately we found that the concordance was 51.5% for AM bundle tears (17/33) and 0% for PL bundle tears (0/7). Conclusion: Definitive diagnosis and surgical indication for ACL tears requires both, clinical examination and image diagnosis. Over 65% of partial tears are misdiagnosed by MRI only.

Coefficient of Start-Up Friction of Early Stage Osteoarthritic Cartilage Is Not Larger Than Normal Cartilage

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromichi Fujie ◽  
Yoji Suzuki ◽  
Michi Ota ◽  
Kiyoshi Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Osteoarthritic Cartilage ◽  
Rabbit Knee ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Acl Transection

It is well known that the disease of osteoarthritis (OA) deteriorates the lubrication properties of articular cartilage. Previous studies [1,2] have demonstrated that the coefficient of friction of rabbit knee cartilage increases significantly in OA models. The coefficient of start-up (static) friction in the normal canine knee joint has also been observed to increase with the duration of static loading [3], and further increases in the start-up friction of osteoarthritic cartilage were induced by surface abrasion and papain injection [4]. However, the change in the start-up friction due to OA disease induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection (ACL transection model), has not been fully determined in previous studies, although such a model is considered to display symptoms similar to the clinical situation. Therefore, we investigated the effect of osteoarthritic deterioration on the start-up friction in the ACL transection OA model in the present study.

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