scholarly journals Relationship Differences in Pre-season Isometric Shoulder Strength, Humeral Torsion and Shoulder Range of Motion in Collegiate Baseball Players (218)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967121S0032
Author(s):  
Amanda Arnold ◽  
W. Stephen Choate
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Collegiate Baseball ◽  
Humeral Torsion ◽  
College Baseball ◽  
Shoulder Range

Objectives: Muscle strength, humeral torsion (HT) and shoulder range of motion (ROM) have been linked to throwing performance and injury risk in baseball players. Research suggests that players who demonstrate an isometric shoulder external rotation (ER)/internal rotation (IR) strength ratio of <0.75 are at a higher risk for developing a throwing-related upper extremity injury. While the relationships between HT and shoulder ROM have been examined in the literature, few studies have examined the potential relationships between these variables and isometric shoulder strength. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between isometric shoulder strength, HT and shoulder ROM at the start of each baseball season in a cohort of healthy junior college baseball players. Methods: Ninety-two healthy junior college baseball players (mean age=19.9±0.8 years) were prospectively assessed at the start of 2 consecutive spring seasons. Variables measured included HT, shoulder ROM and isometric shoulder strength. Both the dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) shoulders of each player were assessed throughout the study. Chi square tests and bivariate Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine between group differences and the relationships between variables. Statistical significance was set a priori at α=0.05. Results: 33.7% of junior college players demonstrated a D shoulder ER/IR strength ratio of <0.75 at the start of baseball season. Pitchers and position players demonstrated no significant differences in D shoulder ER/IR strength ratios at the start of the season (P=.40). Additionally, moderate positive relationships were observed between D HT and D IR ROM (r=0.35; P=.001) as well as D horizontal adduction (HA) ROM (r=0.43; P<.001). A moderate relationship was also observed between ND HT and ND IR ROM (r=0.56, P<.001), however ND ER and HA ROM demonstrated weaker relationships respectively (ER: r=-0.27; P=.01; HA: r=0.26; P=.01). Inverse relationships were observed between HT and ER strength in both the D and ND shoulders (D: r=-0.27, P=.01; ND: r=-0.28, P=.007). Internal rotation ROM was also inversely correlated with ER strength (r=-0.29, P=0.005) and ER/IR strength ratios (r=-0.31, P=.003), but only in the D shoulder. No significant correlations were observed between ROM and strength in the ND shoulder. Conclusions: One third of the junior college baseball players in this study began the season with marked deficits in D shoulder strength, irrespective of their position. We then examined the relationships between HT, shoulder ROM and isometric shoulder strength and confirmed the previously established correlation between HT and shoulder ROM. Moreover, there appeared to be inverse relationships between HT and ER strength in both the D and ND shoulders as well as IR ROM and ER strength in the D shoulder. This study emphasizes the importance of pre-season rotator cuff strength training, with an emphasis on improving ER strength, to potentially aid in the prevention of throwing-related upper extremity injuries in collegiate baseball players. Humeral torsion and shoulder ROM may influence isometric shoulder strength, however more research is needed to better understand these relationships in the throwing shoulder.

Relationship between humeral torsion angle and shoulder range of motion among juvenile baseball players

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yamamoto ◽  
Tsutomu Kobayashi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
Hitoshi Shitara ◽  
Tetsuya Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Torsion Angle ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Humeral Torsion ◽  
Shoulder Range

Effects of Non-Assisted Posterior Shoulder Stretches on Shoulder Range of Motion Among Collegiate Baseball Pitchers

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakiki Oyama ◽  
Candice P. Goerger ◽  
Benjamin M. Goerger ◽  
Scott M. Lephart ◽  
Joseph B. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Posterior Shoulder ◽  
Collegiate Baseball ◽  
Baseball Pitchers ◽  
Shoulder Range

Shoulder Range of Motion and Strength Characteristics in Circus Acrobats

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Carlie Huberman ◽  
Melissa Scales ◽  
Srikant Vallabhajosula
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Glenohumeral Joint ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Shoulder Complex ◽  
Shoulder Range

OBJECTIVES: To begin to establish normative data for shoulder range of motion (ROM) and strength in the circus acrobats and to compare these values based on age, sex, hand dominance, and acrobatic subgroup. METHODS: Active (AROM) and passive (PROM) of the full shoulder complex and PROM of the isolated glenohumeral joint were measured in 193 circus acrobats using standardized techniques for anterior elevation (flexion), posterior elevation (extension), lateral elevation (abduction), and external and internal rotation. Shoulder strength was measured using a hand-held dynamometer in all planes of motion. Measurements were taken twice and averaged. Mixed ANOVA were performed. One-sample t-tests were used to compare with general population. RESULTS: Several significant differences were noted between dominant and non-dominant sides, but not between the sex or age groups tested. Acrobats who did both aerial and ground acrobatics had significantly greater full shoulder complex flexion AROM than the aerial group, and AROM extension than the ground group. Circus acrobats had significantly greater AROM full shoulder complex extension, abduction, internal and external rotation, and shoulder strength than the general population. CONCLUSION: Overall, results from this cross-sectional study revealed that circus acrobats had greater shoulder strength and ROM than the general population, which could affect the way these patients should be treated in a clinical setting. Age and sex seemed to have minimal effects, but there was clearly an effect of hand dominance. Acrobats who train both aerial and ground acrobatics may have greater ROM in certain planes than those who train in only one type of discipline.

Shoulder Range of Motion Deficits in Baseball Players With an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2597-2603 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craig Garrison ◽  
Mollie A. Cole ◽  
John E. Conway ◽  
Michael J. Macko ◽  
Charles Thigpen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Ulnar Collateral Ligament ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elbow Extension ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Elbow Injury ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Range

Background: Shoulder range of motion (ROM) deficits are associated with elbow injury in baseball players. Purpose: To compare the ROM characteristics of baseball players with a diagnosed ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) tear with those of a group of age-, activity-, and position-matched healthy controls. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Sixty male competitive high school and collegiate baseball players participated. Thirty athletes (age [mean ± standard deviation], 18.20 ± 1.56 years) with a diagnosed UCL tear were compared with 30 (age, 18.57 ± 0.86 years) age-, activity-, and position-matched players without a UCL injury. Of the 60 participants, there were 44 pitchers, 4 catchers, 5 infielders, and 7 outfielders. Participants were measured for shoulder internal rotation (IR), external rotation (ER), and horizontal adduction (HA) at 90° of shoulder elevation. Participants were also measured for elbow extension in a seated position. Group comparisons were made between participants with and without a UCL injury using independent t tests with an α level set at P < .05. All measurements were taken bilaterally, and the differences (involved to uninvolved) were used to calculate means for all variables, including glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD), total rotational motion (TRM), HA, and elbow extension. Results: Baseball players with a UCL tear (UCLInj) exhibited significantly greater deficits in TRM compared with the control group of healthy baseball players (NUCLInj) (UCLInj = −6.67° ± 11.82°, NUCLInj = 0.93° ± 9.91°; P = .009). No group differences were present for GIRD (UCLInj = −12.53° ± 5.98°, NUCLInj = −13.63° ± 5.90°; P = .476), HA (UCLInj = −3.00° ± 5.01°, NUCLInj = −3.23° ± 5.15°; P = .860), or elbow extension (UCLInj = −2.63° ± 7.86°, NUCLInj = −1.17° ± 2.76°; P = .339). Pitchers with a UCL tear had significantly greater deficits in TRM (UCLInjPitch = −6.96° ± 11.20°, NUCLInjPitch = 1.29° ± 8.33°; P = .0087) and dominant shoulder ER (UCLInjPitch = 112.04° ± 14.35°, NUCLInjPitch = 121.85° ± 9.46°; P = .011) than pitchers without a UCL tear. Conclusion: A deficit in TRM is associated with a UCL tear in baseball players. Although GIRD may be prevalent in throwers, it may not be associated with a UCL injury. When examining ROM in baseball players, it is important to assess both TRM and GIRD.

Acute Effects of 2 Consecutive Simulated Badminton Matches on the Shoulder Range of Motion and Isometric Strength of Elite Youth Players

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jaime Fernandez-Fernandez ◽  
Alejandro Lopez-Valenciano ◽  
Jose Vicente Garcia-Tormo ◽  
David Cabello-Manrique ◽  
Juan García-López
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Shoulder Range ◽  
Dominant Side

Purpose: To analyze the influence of playing 2 consecutive prolonged badminton matches on the shoulder strength and range of motion (ROM) of young players. Methods: Sixteen elite junior badminton players (12 males and 4 females; mean (SD): age 16.2 [0.8] years, body mass 63.5 [6.6] kg, height 173.2 [6.3] cm) participated in a cross-sectional study. Shoulder internal (IR)/external rotation (ER) ROM and IR/ER strength measures were conducted before and after 2 consecutive prolonged (ie, 35 min) matches and 12 hours after the second match. Results: After consecutive matches, IR strength of the dominant side and ER strength of the dominant and nondominant sides (effect size [ES] = 0.20–0.57) were reduced. Shoulder total ROM of the dominant side was decreased (ES = 0.80), while on the nondominant side, IR (ES = 0.66) was also decreased. After 12 hours, results showed decreased values in the IR/ER strength of the dominant side (ES = 0.36–1.00), as well as ER of both dominant and nondominant sides (ES = 0.30–0.59). IR ROM of the nondominant side (ES = 0.69) was also decreased. Conclusion: Present results showed that 2 consecutive matches on the same day with brief rest periods led to significant impairments in shoulder strength and ROM levels. These data can potentially elucidate the need for shoulder-specific training and recovery strategies prior to or during competitions.

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