scholarly journals The use of ferricyanide for the electron microscopic demonstration of dehydrogenases in human steroidogenic cells.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1194-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Benkoël ◽  
A Chamlian ◽  
E Barrat ◽  
P Laffargue
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ferricyanide Reductase ◽  
Steroidogenic Cells ◽  
Electron Carriers ◽  
Electron Microscopic Demonstration

The ultrastructural localization of 3 beta hydroxysteroid ferricyanide reductase, glucose-6-phosphate ferricyanide reductase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reduced form-ferricyanide reductase was investigated in some human steroidogenic tissues (corpus luteum of pregnancy, fetal adrenal gland and testis, adult testis and placenta) using ferricyanide as an electron acceptor. Copper ferrocyanide deposits were readily observed in the mitochondria, in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum profiles and in the cytoplasm. The sites of the various dehydrogenase activities could be visualized by using appropriate incubating media. The precise localization of various reactions in different electron transfer chains was determined by using different ferricyanide concentrations and intermediate electron-carriers such as menadione or exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reduced form-diaphorase. The use of respiratory chain inhibitors such as rotenone or antimycine A confirmed these data.

scholarly journals Cesium Treatment Depresses Glycolysis Pathway in HeLa Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-488
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cell ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Nadh Ratio ◽  
Glycolysis Pathway

Background/Aims: Cesium (Cs) is an alkali metal element that is of no essential use for humans; it has no known beneficial function that is verified by clinical research. When used as an alternative cancer therapy, it even causes toxicity in high doses. Thus, before using Cs as treatment in clinical settings, it is important to clearly determine its biological effects on cells. However, Cs was found to suppress the proliferation of human cervical cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and it was assumed that Cs inhibits the glycolysis pathway. In this study, we clearly determined the step of the glycolysis pathway that is affected by Cs. Methods: The glycolytic enzyme expressions, activities, and metabolite concentrations in HeLa cells were measured by PCR, western blotting, and enzymatic methods, after treating the cells with Cs for 3 days. Results: Cs treatment decreased transcriptional and expression levels of hexokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase and the activity of PK. Analysis of glycolysis pathway metabolites revealed that Cs treatment reduces lactate level and increases the level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form, NAD+); however, it did not affect the levels of pyruvate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form, NADH). Increase of the [NAD+]/[NADH] ratio and decrease of the [lactate]/[pyruvate] ratio indicate that Cs treatment inhibits the aerobic glycolysis pathway. Conclusion: Cs treatment inhibits PK activity and increases the [NAD+]/[NADH] ratio. Hence, Cs has been determined to inhibit glycolysis, especially the aerobic glycolysis pathway. These results suggest that suppression of HeLa cell proliferation following Cs treatment was caused by inhibition of aerobic glycolysis by Cs.

ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC DEMONSTRATION OF ZINC IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION USING TIMM'S SULFIDE-SILVER TECHNIQUE

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
YASUHIKO IBATA ◽  
NAGAYASU OTSUKA
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Mossy Fibers ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Demonstration ◽  
Electron Microscopic Demonstration

Ultrastructural localization of zinc in the hippocampus of rabbits and rats was investigated by the application of Timm's sulfide-silver and zinc-dithizonate methods. Best results were obtained by fixation of tissue in 3% glutaraldehyde saturated with H2S, followed by treatment of small blocks of tissue with Timm's solution for 1 hr. In sections cut from these blocks, silver particles were found on the synaptic vesicles in the terminal boutons of the mossy fibers. The nervous tissue of the hippocampal formation was devoid of silver particles, as were the perikarya of the granular cells of the fascia dentata and the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus. The cytochemical significance of zinc in nerve endings of the granular cells is discussed.

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