Molecular Evidence for Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis in Febrile Patients from Madagascar

Rickettsiae may cause febrile infections in humans in tropical and subtropical regions. From Madagascar, no molecular data on the role of rickettsioses in febrile patients are available. Blood samples from patients presenting with fever in the area of the capital Antananarivo were screened for the presence of rickettsial DNA. EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) blood from 1020 patients presenting with pyrexia > 38.5 °C was analyzed by gltA-specific qPCR. Positive samples were confirmed by ompB-specific qPCR. From confirmed samples, the gltA amplicons were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. From five gltA-reactive samples, two were confirmed by ompB-specific qPCR. The gltA sequence in the sample taken from a 38-year-old female showed 100% homology with R. typhi. The other sample taken from a 1.5-year-old infant was 100% homologous to R. felis. Tick-borne rickettsiae were not identified. The overall rate of febrile patients with molecular evidence for a rickettsial infection from the Madagascan study site was 0.2% (2/1020 patients). Flea-borne rickettsiosis is a rare but neglected cause of infection in Madagascar. Accurate diagnosis may prompt adequate antimicrobial treatment.

Gel self-assembly of lanthanum aminopolycarboxylates with skeleton structures and adsorptions of gases

Three lanthanum aminopolycarboxylates [La(Hida)2(H2O)2]n·nCl·4nH2O (1), K2n[La(nta)2]n·nH2O (2) and (H2en)n[La(edta)(H2O)]2n·10nH2O (3) (H2ida = iminodiacetic acid; H3nta = nitrilotriacetic acid; H4edta = ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; en = ethylenediamine, NH2CH2CH2NH2) have been isolated by...

PENGARUH WAKTU DAN PELARUT EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid) PADA EKSTRAKSI FUKOIDAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT COKELAT Sargassum binderi Sonder

Rumput laut cokelat memiliki beragam polisakarida yang terkandung di dalamnya. Salah satu polisakarida dari rumput laut cokelat yang diketahui memiliki bioaktivitas yang tinggi adalah fukoidan. Banyak penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa bioaktivitas dari fukoidan antara lain mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel kanker, anti koagulan, anti virial, dan sebagai immunostimulan. Mengisolasi fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat telah banyak dilakukan dengan beragam cara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh waktu dan konsentrasi pelarut EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) pada proses ekstraksi dan karakteristik fukoidan dari rumput laut cokelat jenis Sargassum binderi Sonder. Konsentrasi pelarut yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,15% ; 0,3%: 0,5%; 1%; dan 1,3% serta waktu ekstraksi selama 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam, dan 5 jam. Perbandingan rumput laut dan air adalah 1:30 dengan suhu ekstraksi dilakukan pada 70˚C. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan yield crude fucoidan terbesar pada waktu ekstraksi 4 jam dan konsentrasi pelarut 1,3% yaitu sebesar 3,67%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kandungan total gula dari ekstrak fukoidan dengan yield terbesar didapatkan sebesar 36,48% dan kandungan sulfat sebesar 17,16%.

Assesment to Increase the Mechanical Properties of used Ballast by EDTA Solution as a Construction Material

Ballast is playing a vital role in taking the huge loads of railways which is strong, durable and also providing maximum stability to track/permanent way. Usually having a 40mm size ballast. The Shape of the ballast is important as its irregular shape and sharp edges help in the interlocking of themselves which gives more stability and passage of drainage. Within its lifetime the ballast used to get rounded edges, unable to stabilize or interlock and losses its strength for this reduction it should be replaced with new ballast. So the waste ballast is considered as our material to be tested in our project by adding the solution called EDTA (ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID) to develop the maximum properties of ballast by crushing them to 10mm, 12.5mm and 20mm size used for road construction. This work was conducted to determine the hardness, toughness, strength of aggregate using EDTA solution. The effectiveness of aggregate using of EDTA was studied in this project by adding required concentrations of 5%, 10% to the aggregates.

Effectiveness of Vapor Lock Effect Removal in Endo Training Blocks: Manual Dynamic Agitation versus Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation

Root canal cleaning plays an important role in endodontics. In most cases, root canal cleaning is performed using irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite or EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). The efficacy of these irrigants may be compromised by different phenomena, such as vapor lock. Different methods can be used to overcome this problem; in this paper, we compare the efficacy of two such methods: manual dynamic agitation (MDA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). We shaped 50 endo training blocks, which were divided into two groups of 25 samples each, into MDA or PUI groups. In both groups, the vapor lock was produced by delivering a watery solution using a disposable syringe with a tip-opened needle. Using the MDA technique, vapor lock was removed in 15/25 cases. The PUI technique produced the same results in 17/25 cases, where vapor lock was only reduced, not removed. The MDA method produced an average reduction in vapor lock of 80%, whereas the PUI method yielded a 55% reduction. The differences among groups were assessed through a Mann–Whitney U test, and the results had a p-value of 0.0013, which was considered to be statistically significant. The MDA method was able to effectively remove vapor lock. PUI, however, was only able to reduce but not remove vapor lock.

Comparison of Different Dna Preservation Methods On Quinqueloculina Spp. (foraminifera, Miliolida)

We carried out a series of experiments to evaluate the efficiency of preserving DNA from porcelaneous foraminifera (Quinqueloculina spp.) and a second set to assess the effect of Rose Bengal staining on molecular processing. The first experimental setup assessed three methods of DNA preservation (air-drying, freezing with or without seawater, and Guanidine lysis buffer treatment with or without EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)). Our study produced the following results: 1) there were no significant differences in DNA preservation when samples were air dried across a range of temperatures (20–120°C); samples frozen at −20°C appeared better preserved than at those frozen at –80°C, and freezing without seawater appeared to produce better preservation than with seawater, though differences in freezing treatments were not significant (p > 0.05); samples in Guanidine lysis buffer with EDTA and stored at –20°C were well preserved (p < 0.05); 2) sometimes, DNA was successfully extracted from samples stained with Rose Bengal. We recommend Guanidine lysis buffer with EDTA, stored at –20°C for up to six weeks, as the best protocol for preservation of DNA from porcelaneous foraminifera.

Perbedaan Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Plasma Edta dan Serum dengan Penundaan Pemeriksaan

Differences Of Blood Glucose Conditions In Plasma Edta And Serum With Delay Inspection. Blood glucose examination in the laboratory is used to determine blood glucose levels in the body. The delay in the examination can cause a decrease in blood glucose levels, so the results obtained do not match the actual state of the body. This study aims to determine the difference between blood glucose levels in EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and serum plasma samples that are directly examined and delayed for two hours. This research was conducted using experimental observation method that is an observation of clinical laboratory by measuring blood glucose level using photometer and GOD-PAP (glucose oxidase) method. The statistical test was performed using Z test for two free samples. The results of serum and plasma blood glucose examination in this study showed an average value of glucose levels with EDTA plasma directly examined 89.18 mg/ dl delayed 86.60 mg/ dl and serum directly examined 92.20 mg/ dl delayed 89, 54 mg/ dl. Decreased blood glucose levels delayed two hours in plasma 2.9%, serum 2.7%. The data concluded that there was no significant difference between blood glucose levels using EDTA and serum plasma samples.Abstrak: Perbedaan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Plasma Edta Dan Serum Dengan Penundaan Pemeriksaan. Pemeriksaan glukosa darah di Laboratorium digunakan untuk mengetahui kadar glukosa darah di dalam tubuh. Penundaan waktu pemeriksaan dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah, sehingga hasil yang didapat tidak sesuai dengan keadaan tubuh yang sebenarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara kadar glukosa darah pada sampel plasma EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) dan serum yang langsung diperiksa dan ditunda selama dua jam. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi eksperimental yaitu pengamatan laboratorium klinik dengan mengukur kadar glukosa darah menggunakan fotometer dan metode GOD-PAP (Glukosa Oksidase). Uji statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Z untuk dua sampel bebas. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah serum dan plasma dalam penelitian ini menunjukan nilai rata-rata kadar glukosa dengan plasma EDTA yang langsung diperiksa 89,18 mg/dl ditunda 86,60 mg/dl dan serum yang langsung diperiksa 92,20 mg/dl ditunda 89,54 mg/dl. Penurunan kadar glukosa darah yang ditunda dua jam pada plasma 2,9%, serum 2,7%. Data tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan kadar glukosa darah pada serum dan plasma antara yang ditunda dengan yang langsung diperiksa.

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NEWLY THERMOSTABLE PROTEASE PRODUCED BY Brevibacillus thermoruber LII ISOLATED FROM PADANG CERMIN HOTSPRING, INDONESIA

Thermo stability is among of the vital enzyme characteristics for industrial application. Brevibacillus thermoruber LII was obtained as a potential isolate from the previous researchwhich screened the potential thermostable protease producing bacteria from Indonesian hotspring.The newly thermostable protease produced by thermophilic Brevibacillus thermoruber LII hadbeen purified and characterized. It was predicted that the pure enzyme obtained from Brevibacillusthermoruber LII was homo hexameric, having molecular weight of 36 kDa unit protein and itsnative was 215 kDa. In addition, it was also a neutral metalo serine protease according tobiochemical tests that it was totaly inhibited by PMSF (Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride) and EDTA(Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). It showed optimum activity at pH of 8 and active in acidic buffer(up to pH of 4). All of metal ion in the form of chloride salt (2.5 mM) which were tested on theenzyme enhanced the enzyme activity but Li2+. Ca2+ion increased the activity and the stability ofenzyme against thermal. The enzyme also showed the stability against solvent. The protease LIIhad optimum temperature at 60oC without CaCl 2and 80 – 85oC with addition of 2.5 mM CaCl 2. TheK Mand V maxvalues for the purified protease LII were 27.2 mg/ml or 0.362 – 0.272 M for substrateHammersteinCasein (MM 75–100 kDa) and 261.1 µg/minute/ml, respectively.

Heavy metals phytoextraction from heavily and moderately contaminated soil by field crops grown in monoculture and crop rotation

&nbsp; The uptake of Pb, Cd, Zn and biomass production of the plants Brassica juncea v. Opaleska, Triticale hexaploides var. Gabo and Helianthus annuus v. Maritza were observed in a field (trial) and a pot experiments during four years. The plants were grown in monoculture variants and also in crop rotation. The field experiment (plots about 1 &times; 1 m) was set up in heavily contaminated Haplic Fluvisol in the Litavka River alluvium. Pb, Cd, and Zn phytoextraction from the identical Haplic Fluvisol and Haplic Cambisol less contaminated mainly by atmospheric deposition was observed in the pot experiment. The application of 0.2 g EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid)/kg and 1 g citric acid/kg into the soils of field (250 kg of soil/m² plot) and pot (6 kg of soil/pot) experiments was realized. The comparison was accomplished between natural phytoextraction efficiency of B. juncea, H. annuus, and T. hexaploides. Crop rotation with and without chemical induction was tested. EDTA application had an immediate strong mobilization effect on the elements tested in both experiments and both soils. In the pot experiment, Pb, Cd, and Zn were more mobilized in Cambisol with initial lower mobile contents of elements in comparison with Fluvisol. The highest mobilization by EDTA was achieved for Pb. Strong Pb mobilization in Cambisol after EDTA addition resulted in a high Pb&nbsp;uptake and translocation from the roots of B. juncea into the shoots. EDTA application increased Pb&nbsp;phytoextraction by harvested B. juncea. Naturally grown H. annuus proved the high phytoextraction efficiency for Cd and Zn in the experiment. The assumed effect of the cultivation method, i.e. crop rotation vs. Monoculture, was not statistically proved in our experiments.