scholarly journals Use of computer-assisted analysis for myofiber size measurements of rat soleus muscles from photographed images.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Miller ◽  
W T Stauber
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Atrophic Muscle ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Assisted Analysis

Since myofiber cross-sectional area measurements are important in describing myofiber adaptations to physiological and pathological changes, we developed a reproducible method for measuring myofiber size using fluorescent stains. Several 35-mm slides of dystrophin-, laminin-, and concanavalin A (ConA)-stained muscle sections were used to calculate myofiber cross-sectional areas and to compare different techniques and settings of an image capture system. Although variation in equipment settings did result in variation in myofiber area, the overall effect was of little practical significance (< 6%). Using midrange values for the settings of illumination, black level, and gain, reproducible quantitative data were collected and analyzed from 35-mm slides of FITC-labeled conA taken from atrophic, normal, and hypertrophic muscle samples. As expected, the atrophic muscle fibers were smaller. However, in hypertrophic muscle from compensatory overload, the fibers were composed of both large and small fibers. We found it important that the myofiber cross-sectional area measurements be expressed both in terms of average fiber areas and as frequency distribution histograms. In addition, detailed methodology of fiber area measurement must be provided.

Cannulation and continuous cross-sectional area measurement of small blood vessels

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Vanbavel ◽  
Trudi Mooij ◽  
Maurice J.M.M. Giezeman ◽  
Jos A.E. Spaan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Patients with Achilles Tendon Rupture Have a Degenerated Contralateral Achilles Tendon: An Elastography Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianru Li ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Yehua Cai ◽  
Yinghui Hua
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To evaluate differences of Achilles tendon (AT) hardness and morphology between asymptomatic tendons in patients with acute AT ruptures on the contralateral side and asymptomatic tendons in healthy people by using computer-assisted quantification on axial-strain sonoelastography (ASE). Methods. The study consisted of 33 asymptomatic tendons in 33 patients (study group) and 34 tendons in 19 healthy volunteers (control group). All the tendons were examined by both ASE and conventional ultrasound. Computer-assisted quantification on ASE was applied to extract hardness variables, including the mean (Hmean), 20th percentile (H20), median (H50) and skewness (Hsk) of the hardness within tendon, and the ratio of the mean hardness within tendon to that outside tendon (Hratio) and three morphological variables: the thickness (THK), cross-sectional area, and eccentricity (ECC) of tendons. Results. The Hmean, Hsk, H20, H50, and Hratio in the proximal third of the tendon body in study group were significantly smaller than those in control group (Hmean: 0.43±0.09 vs 0.50±0.07, p=0.001; Hsk: -0.53±0.51 vs -1.09±0.51, p<0.001; H20: 0.31±0.10 vs 0.40±0.10, p=0.001; H50: 0.45±0.10 vs 0.53±0.08, p<0.001; Hratio: 1.01±0.25 vs 1.20±0.23, p=0.003). The THK and cross-sectional area of tendons in the study group were larger than those in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions. As a quantitative objective method, the computer-assisted ASE reveals that the asymptomatic ATs contralateral to acute rupture are softer than those of healthy control group at the proximal third and the asymptomatic tendons in people with rupture history are thicker, larger, and rounder than those of normal volunteers especially at the middle and distal thirds of AT body.

scholarly journals Bifid Median Nerve in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Assessment with US Cross-sectional Area Measurement

Radiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 259 (3) ◽  
pp. 808-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea S. Klauser ◽  
Ethan J. Halpern ◽  
Ralph Faschingbauer ◽  
Florian Guerra ◽  
Carlo Martinoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

INVESTIGATION OF MAINGATES STABILITY IN STEEP COAL SEAMS AT EXTRACTION LAYOUTS OF DEEP MINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Leonid Bachurin ◽  
◽  
Yuliia Novikova ◽  
Yuliia Simonova ◽  
Vytalyi Dovhal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deep Mine ◽  
Secondary Support ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Mining Face

Purpose of work. Investigation of maingates stability in different methods of protection on the extraction layouts of a deep coal mine, which develops steeply inclined coal seams. Methods. To achieve this goal, mine experimental observation of maingates stability performed. Conditions for their maintenance are evaluated by the magnitude of the convergence of the side rocks on the contour and changes in the cross-sectional area of the gateroads. Results. As a result of the research the conditions of maingates stability in steep coal seams in protection by pillars or timber sets are substantiated. It is recorded that in the zone of influence of extraction operations, at a distance of l <60 m behind the mining face with the considered methods of protection, the support of the maingates is deformed within the yielding limits and has characteristic flexures the side of hanging wall. At a distance of l≥60 m, the cross-sectional area of the maingates is reduced to 50% of the initial values, and the amount of roof to floor convergence exceeds the flexibility of the support. The increase displacement of rock mass on the contour of the supported roadway behind the mining face depends on the strength and geometry of the secondary support structures above the maingate. Novelty. It is experimentally established that the change in the cross-sectional area of the maingate during protection by timber sets occurs linearly with increasing length of the extraction layout. Practical significance. To ensure the maingates stability, it is advisable to use non-pillar methods of protection, when using yielding secondary support systemsabove the roadway, or backfilling.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Arithmetic and Geometric Means in Estimating Stump Diameter, Basal Area, and Volume in Appalachian Hardwoods

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry V. Wiant ◽  
John R. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Appalachian Hardwoods ◽  
Stump Diameter

Abstract The difference between the use of the arithmetic and geometric means for estimation of average stump diameter, stump cross-sectional area and estimated tree volume was investigated using measurements from 739 stumps from an Appalachian hardwood stand located in central West Virginia. Although average stump diameter, cross-sectional area, and tree volumes were statistically different between estimates based on the arithmetic and geometric mean diameter, these differences were of little practical significance. The difference in average stem diameter, cross-sectional area, tree cubic volume, and board foot volume were 0.05 in, 0.01 ft2, 0.45 ft3, and 2.41 bd ft, respectively.

Intra- and inter-rater reliability in the cross-sectional area of feline lumbar epaxial musculature evaluated via abdominal CT scan

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-728
Author(s):  
Laura H Rayhel ◽  
Jessica M Quimby ◽  
Eric M Green ◽  
Valerie J Parker ◽  
Shasha Bai
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Epaxial Muscle

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of epaxial muscle cross-sectional area measurement on feline CT images and to determine the relationship between normalized epaxial muscle area (EMA) and subjective muscle condition score (MCS). Methods Feline transverse CT images including the junction of the 13th thoracic vertebrae/13th rib head were retrospectively reviewed. Right and left epaxial muscle circumference and vertebral body height were measured and an average normalized EMA (ratio of epaxial area:vertebral height) was calculated for each image. Measurements were performed by three individuals blinded to the clinical data and were repeated 1 month later. Intra- and inter-rater reliability of EMA was assessed with concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and Bland–Altman analysis was performed to assess bias and limits of agreement (LoA) between and within observers at different time points. In cats for which MCS data were available, EMA was compared between differing MCSs via the Kruskal–Wallis test, with Bonferroni-corrected Wilcoxon rank-sum post-hoc analysis. Results In total, 101 CT scans met the inclusion criteria for reliability analysis, 29 of which had muscle condition information available for analysis. Intra-rater EMA CCC ranged from 0.84 to 0.99 with minimal bias (range –0.16 to 0.08) and narrow LoA. Inter-rater EMA CCC ranged from 0.87 to 0.94, bias was larger (range –0.46 to 0.66) and LoA were wider when assessed between observers. Median EMA was significantly lower in cats with severe muscle atrophy (2.76, range 1.28–3.96) than in all other MCS groups ( P <0.0001 for all comparisons). Conclusions and relevance Measurement of EMA on CT showed strong intra-rater reliability, and median EMA measurements were significantly lower in cats with severe muscle wasting, as assessed on physical examination. Further studies correlating EMA to lean muscle mass in cats are needed to determine whether this method may be useful to quantify muscle mass in patients undergoing a CT scan.

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