Comparable Disease-Free and Overall Survival After “Well-Matched” Unrelated Donor and Matched Sibling Donor Transplantation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Adverse Risk Karyotype in First Complete Remission: A Report From the Acute Leukemia Working Committee of the Centre for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 526-526
Author(s):  
Vikas Gupta ◽  
Martin S. Tallman ◽  
Wensheng He ◽  
Brent Logan ◽  
John F. DiPersio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Unrelated Donor ◽  
Allogeneic Hsct ◽  
Matched Sibling ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
First Complete Remission ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Abstract 526 In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1), the indications for matched sibling donor (MSD) transplants and unrelated donor (URD) haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are different. We sought to determine the prognostic impact of donor type on the outcomes of AML with adverse risk karyotype in CR1, a high-risk AML population considered as a standard indication for MSD and URD HSCT. We evaluated the outcomes of 584 patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT for AML with adverse risk karyotype in CR1 between 1995 and 2006, reported to the CIBMTR. Adverse risk karyotype was defined according to SWOG/ECOG classification. Cytogenetics abnormalities were further classified as: complex karyotype (3 or more abnormalities), 32%; and Non-complex divided as abnormal chromosome 7, 25%; chromosome 5, 9%; MLL gene rearrangements, 18%; t (6;9), 5%; and others, 10%. 226 patients underwent MSD and 358 URD. URD were classified based on high resolution typing as:” well matched” [n=254 (71%)] with no known disparity at HLA A, B, C, DRB1; and, “partially matched” [n=104 (29%)] with one locus known or likely mismatched. Previous MDS was present in 19% and 14% had therapy-induced (t-AML). Conditioning regimens were myeloablative and reduced intensity in 74% and 26%, respectively. At 3 years treatment-related mortality (TRM) incidence was 28% (95% CI 24-31); relapse 36%(32-40); disease-free survival (DFS) 36%(32-41) and overall survival (OS) 39%(35-44). Multivariate analyses are summarized in the table. “Well matched” URD and MSD yielded similar DFS and OS, while outcomes were significantly inferior for “partially matched” URD. Cytogenetically defined subsets had similar outcomes. Evaluated as a time-dependent covariate, chronic GVHD had a significantly lower risk of relapse (RR 0.68, p=0.046), while acute GVHD had no effect (RR 0.99, p=0.96). “Well matched” URD and MSD lead to similar DFS and OS in AML CR1patients with adverse risk karyotype. The pool of patients who may benefit from graft-vs-leukemia effect generated with allogeneic HSCT may be considerably expanded with “well-matched” URD HSCT. If a suitable MSD is not availabel, “well-matched” URD should be strongly considered where a MSD HSCT would otherwise be undertaken. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Outcomes of haploidentical vs matched sibling transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1826-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Rashidi ◽  
Mehdi Hamadani ◽  
Mei-Jie Zhang ◽  
Hai-Lin Wang ◽  
Hisham Abdel-Azim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Calcineurin Inhibitor ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Gvhd Prophylaxis ◽  
Matched Sibling ◽  
Conditioning Intensity ◽  
First Complete Remission ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (Haplo-HCT) using posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) has improved donor availability. However, a matched sibling donor (MSD) is still considered the optimal donor. Using the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database, we compared outcomes after Haplo-HCT vs MSD in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1). Data from 1205 adult CR1 AML patients (2008-2015) were analyzed. A total of 336 patients underwent PT-Cy–based Haplo-HCT and 869 underwent MSD using calcineurin inhibitor–based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. The Haplo-HCT group included more reduced-intensity conditioning (65% vs 30%) and bone marrow grafts (62% vs 7%), consistent with current practice. In multivariable analysis, Haplo-HCT and MSD groups were not different with regard to overall survival (P = .15), leukemia-free survival (P = .50), nonrelapse mortality (P = .16), relapse (P = .90), or grade II-IV acute GVHD (P = .98). However, the Haplo-HCT group had a significantly lower rate of chronic GVHD (hazard ratio, 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.48; P < .001). Results of subgroup analyses by conditioning intensity and graft source suggested that the reduced incidence of chronic GVHD in Haplo-HCT is not limited to a specific graft source or conditioning intensity. Center effect and minimal residual disease–donor type interaction were not predictors of outcome. Our results indicate a lower rate of chronic GVHD after PT-Cy–based Haplo-HCT vs MSD using calcineurin inhibitor–based GVHD prophylaxis, but similar other outcomes, in patients with AML in CR1. Haplo-HCT is a viable alternative to MSD in these patients.

scholarly journals Conventional chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia: a Brazilian experience

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Borgia Barbosa Pagnano ◽  
Fabiola Traina ◽  
Tatiana Takahashi ◽  
Gislaine Borba Oliveira ◽  
Marta Soares Rossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Conventional Chemotherapy ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Acute Myeloid

CONTEXT: Young patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) achieve complete remission (CR) using conventional chemotherapy in about 55-85%. However, 30% of patients fail to achieve CR and the remission duration is often only about 12 months. More intensive treatment after CR seems to be necessary in order to maintain CR and obtain a definitive cure. In Brazil, few reports have been published on this important subject. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe a Brazilian experience in the treatment of "de novo" acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in younger adult patients (age < 60 years). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: University Hospital, Hematology and Hemotherapy Center, State University of Campinas, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: Newly diagnosed cases of "de novo" AML in the period from January 1994 to December 1998 were evaluated retrospectively, in relation to response to treatment, overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS). Cases with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) were also included in this analysis. RESULTS: On the basis of an intention to treat, 78 cases of AML, including 17 cases of APL, were evaluated. The overall median follow-up was 272 days. The complete remission (CR) rate was 63.6% in the AML group (excluding APL) and 78% in the APL group. The 5-year estimated disease-free survival (DFS) was 80% for the APL group and 34% for the AML group (P = 0.02). The 5-year estimated overall survival (OS) was 52% for the APL group and 20.5% for the AML group, respectively (P = NS). Relapse was observed in 12/39 (30.7%) patients with AML and 1/11 (9%) with APL. CONCLUSIONS: These results are similar to those reported in the literature. However, relapse and mortality rates remain high, and a search for more aggressive strategies in order to prevent relapse is recommended.

scholarly journals Combination of dasatinib with chemotherapy in previously untreated core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia: CALGB 10801

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Marcucci ◽  
Susan Geyer ◽  
Kristina Laumann ◽  
Weiqiang Zhao ◽  
Donna Bucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Core Binding Factor ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with either t(8;21)(q22;q22) or inv(16)(p13q22)/t(16;16)(p13;q22) is referred to as core binding factor (CBF) AML. Although categorized as favorable risk, long-term survival for these patients is only ∼50% to 60%. Mutated (mut) or overexpressed KIT, a gene encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been found almost exclusively in CBF AML and may increase the risk of disease relapse. We tested the safety and clinical activity of dasatinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, in combination with chemotherapy. Sixty-one adult patients with AML and CBF fusion transcripts (RUNX1/RUNX1T1 or CBFB/MYH11) were enrolled on Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 10801. Patients received cytarabine/daunorubicin induction on days 1 to 7 and oral dasatinib 100 mg/d on days 8 to 21. Upon achieving complete remission, patients received consolidation with high-dose cytarabine followed by dasatinib 100 mg/d on days 6 to 26 for 4 courses, followed by dasatinib 100 mg/d for 12 months. Fifteen (25%) patients were older (aged ≥60 years); 67% were CBFB/MYH11–positive, and 19% harbored KITmut. There were no unexpected or dose-limiting toxicities. Fifty-five (90%) patients achieved complete remission. With a median follow-up of 45 months, only 16% have relapsed. The 3-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates were 75% and 77% (79% and 85% for younger patients [aged &lt;60 years], and 60% and 51% for older patients). Patients with KITmut had comparable outcome to those with wild-type KIT (3-year rates: disease-free survival, 67% vs 75%; overall survival, 73% vs 76%), thereby raising the question of whether dasatinib may overcome the negative impact of these genetic lesions. CALGB 10801 was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01238211.

scholarly journals Superior Graft-Versus-Leukemia Effect in Haploidentical Transplantation Compared with HLA-Matched Sibling Transplantation for High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Complete Remission: A Prospective Multicentre Cohort Study

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 3339-3339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijian Yu ◽  
Qifa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Graft Versus Leukemia ◽  
Matched Sibling ◽  
First Complete Remission ◽  
Acute Myeloid

This study aimed to investigate graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) of haploidentical donor (HID) compared with HLA-matched sibling donor (MSD) for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (H-AML) in first complete remission (CR1). One hundred and eighty-nine patients with H-AML in CR1 were enrolled in this multicentre prospective cohort study. Patients were assigned to groups transplanted with HID (n=83) or MSD (n=106) based on donor availability (biological randomization). The primary endpoint was the incidence of MRD positivity post-transplantation (post-MRD+). All post-MRD+ patients received preemptive interventions. The cumulative incidences of post-MRD+ were 18% and 42% in HID and MSD groups, respectively, (p<.001). Fifty-two patients received preemptive DLI, including 13 (16%) in HID and 39 cases (37%) in MSD groups (p=.001). Among HID and MSD groups, the 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse were 14% and 24% (p=0.101); the 3-year cumulative incidence of treatment-related mortality were 15% and 10% (p=0.368); the 3-year overall survival rates were 72% and 68% (p=0.687); the 3-year disease-free-survival were 71% and 66% (p=0.579); the 3-year graft-versus-host disease and relapse free survival were 63% and 43% (p=0.035), respectively. HID has a stronger GVL than MSD in H-AML patients. HID transplantation as post-remission therapy should be recommended as one of the optimal choices for H-AML in CR1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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