Expression of CD25 on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Blasts Is An Independent Risk Factor Associated with Refractory Disease, Which May Be Overcome by Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT),

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 3560-3560
Author(s):  
Jan Cerny ◽  
Lesley Woods ◽  
Hongbo Yu ◽  
Muthalagu Ramanathan ◽  
Glen D Raffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Cd25 Expression ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Abstract 3560 Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) originates from rare leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs are chemotherapy resistant and responsible for disease recurrence. AML containing a high percentage of LSCs displays aggressive biology in animal models. Using humanized mice Saito et al (Sci Transl Med 2010; 2: 1–11) have recently shown that xenografted CD25+ LSCs initiate AML and are chemotherapy resistant. Confirmation with clinical data from human AML is needed. Methods: In order to determine the prognostic impact of CD25 expression on AML outcome we have retrospectively investigated CD25 expression in 56 patients (pts) diagnosed and treated for AML at our institution between 02/2008 to 05/2011. 46 pts who had non-APL morphology, were treated with induction chemotherapy and had an adequate specimen for CD25 assessment were included in further analysis. CD25 expression was assessed in each specimen by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinical outcome. Patients: Median age was 61 years (22–84), 18 (39%) pts were older than 65; F:M ratio was 19:27, 3 (7%) patients had good risk (core binding factor leukemias), 26 intermediate (diploid karyotype and no good or high risk; 57%) and 17 (37%) high risk cytogenetics (complex, anbormality of 3q26, monosomy 7 and 5). 6 (13%) pts had NPM1mut/FLT3-ITDwt, 6 (13%) pts had NPM1wt/FLT3-ITDmut and 9 (13%) pts had NPM1mut/FLT3-ITDmut. As induction high dose cytarabine/anthracycline based regimen was used in 36 (78%) pts, 7 pts received 7+3 (15%) and 3 (7%) pts received hypomethylating agent. 24 (53%) pts received stem cell transplantation (SCT; 16 [35%] allogeneic and 8 [17%] autologous). The median follow up of the surviving pts was 11.2 months (1.1–38.7). Results: CD25 was detected in 17 pts (37%; 16 at diagnosis and 1 at relapse). Six CD25+ pts experienced relapse (3 pts with 3 or more relapses) heralded by increase in the percentage of CD25+ blasts. 65% of pts with CD25+ AML also had FLT3-ITDmut (p=0,0012). When comparing CD25+ and CD25- pts there was no statistical difference in distribution of the following characteristics: sex, age (65+), cytogenetics risk, presence of NPM1mut, type of induction, SCT. Fifteen (88%) of CD25+ pts experienced relapse compared to 8 (28%) of CD25- pts (p= 0.00007), 8 (47%) CD25+ pts died and 9 (31%) CD25- pts died (p=ns). The median relapse free survival (RFS) of all pts was 10.8 months with the median overall survival (OS) 12.2 months. The estimated 6-month RFS was significantly decreased in CD25+ pts compared to CD25- pts (26% vs 79%, p= 0.0003). This did not translate into a difference in OS between both groups (1-year OS: CD25+ 43% vs CD25- 65%, p=ns). In univariate analysis CD25 positivity was a stronger predictor for relapse (HR 5.28 [2.21–12.62], p=0.0002) than FLT3-ITDmut (HR 4.72 [2.04–10.92]; p= 0.0003). In multivariate analysis CD25 positivity was also a stronger predictor for relapse (HR 6.54 [1.34–9.15], p=0.01) than FLT3-ITDmut (HR 4.72 [2.04–10.92], p= 0.03). Pts undergoing SCT had significantly longer 1-year OS (66%) compared to pts without SCT (21%; p=0.0004). In multivariate analysis SCT was a predictor for improved OS (HR 0.2 [0.07–0.57], p=0.0002). CD25+ pts who received SCT had also significantly longer 1-year OS (63%) compared to CD25+ pts who did not receive SCT (0%; p=0.0098). SCT did not impact RFS in either group. Conclusion: CD25 represents a novel prognostic factor in AML. The increase in CD25+ blasts at relapse is associated with increased relapsed rate and refractory AML supporting the LSCs hypothesis. The detection of CD25 serves not only as a prognostic marker, but may be valuable for minimal residual disease assessment in patients who lack a molecular marker. In our experience treatment inclusive of stem cell transplantation abrogated the negative impact of CD25 expression on OS. Exploration of CD25 as a therapeutic target in AML is warranted. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation In Early Phase Might Overcome the Adverse Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Translocation t(6;9)(p23;q34)/DEK-NP214(CAN) Rearrangement. A Retrospective Analysis From the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 3501-3501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Esteve ◽  
Myriam Labopin ◽  
Gerard Socie ◽  
Per T. Ljungman ◽  
Johan Maertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Abstract 3501 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with translocation t(6;9)(p23;q34)/DEK-NUP214(CAN) rearrangement (t(6;9) AML) is a rare but well-characterized entity, associated to a poor prognosis. In this regard, a possible benefit of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT) has been suggested, based on small series of patients. To investigate the potential role of alloHSCT for the management of t(6;9) AML we analyzed the outcome of patients with this AML subtype submitted to alloHSCT and reported to the ALWP, and compared it to other well-defined cytogenetic categories. Overall, we identified 74 patients (median age: 38, 18–65; 51% male) diagnosed with t(6;9) AML allografted since 1988 (median year of transplant: 2004). Most transplants were performed in complete response (CR1=56, 76%; CR2=8, 11%), whereas only a minority were performed in advanced phase (primary refractory, n=5; relapse, n=5). Donor was an HLA-identical sibling in 43 transplants (58%), and a matched unrelated donor in 24 (32%). Conditioning regimen consisted of a myeloablative regimen in most patients (n=61, 82%), and source of stem-cells was peripheral blood in 41 (55%) and bone marrow in 32 (43%). After a median follow-up of 51 months, 3-year leukemia-free survival (LFS), relapse incidence (RI), and non-relapse mortality (NRM) for patients allografted in CR1 was 51±7%, 19±6%, and 30±7%, respectively, whereas LFS for patients transplanted in other disease status was only 16±10% (p<0.0001). A multivariate analysis performed among patients who received alloHSCT in CR1 identified a short interval CR-alloHSCT (<90 days) as the only favorable outcome for LFS (3-yr LFS: 57±10% vs. 51±7%; hazard ratio, HR=0.36, 95% CI:0.15-0.89; p=0.03) and NRM (47±11% vs. 17±8%; HR:3.84, 1.18–12.5; p=0.03), whereas reduced-intensity conditioning was followed by a higher RI (3-yr RI: 32±20% vs.17±6%; HR:4.86, 1.06–22.36; p=0.04). Moreover, the outcome of t(6;9) AML patients submitted to alloHSCT in CR1 was compared to that of patients with normal cytogenetics AML (NC-AML, n=2767) and poor cytogenetics AML (PR-AML, n=714) also allografted in CR1 in a multivariate analysis which included main prognostic variables. Interestingly, LFS and RI after alloHSCT of t(6;9) AML patients was similar to that observed in patients with NC-AML (51±7% and 58±1% for LFS, 19±7% and 23±1% for RI, respectively). On the contrary, the outcome of PR-AML was significantly poorer to NC-AML, with a 3-yr LFS and RI of 38±2% (p<0.0001; HR=1.58, 1.39–1.82) and 41±2%, respectively (p<0.0001; HR=2.09, 1.76–2.49; figure). In conclusion, alloHSCT in early phase resulted in a favourable outcome in patients with AML associated to translocation t(6;9), comparable to that of patients with NC-AML, suggesting that this procedure might overcome the adverse prognosis associated to this entity. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Comparison of the efficacy of chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in first remission in adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
S. N. Bondarenko ◽  
I. S. Moiseev ◽  
I. A. Samorodova ◽  
T. L. Gindina ◽  
M. A. Kucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
First Remission ◽  
Acute Myeloid

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) and chemotherapy (CT) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first remission (CR1), to identify factors influencing the results. We compare the efficacy alloHSCT in CR1 (n = 70) and CT (n = 52). Patients were stratified by age, the level of leucocytes, the origin of AML, cytogenetic risk group and response to induction CT. Five-years overall and disease-free survival (OS and DFS) were higher in the group alloHSCT (67 and 65 % vs 46 and 30 % (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001)). Benefits of DFS after alloHSCT was in standard and high-risk cytogenetic groups (78 % versus 29 % (p = 0.001), and 34 % vs 17 % (p = 0.007)). The risk of relapse (RR) was 24 % in patients after alloHSCT vs. 57 % for CT (p = 0.003). Comparing the RR after alloHSCT and CT depending on the cytogenetic risk groups: standard (HR0.2(CI95 %0.07 - 0.56) p = 0.002), and high (HR0.27(CI95 %0.08-0.86) p = 0.03). Additional factors affect the RR were the origin of AML (de novo) (HR0.47 (CI95 %0.3-0.74) p = 0.001), the hyperleukocytosis (HR1.91 (CI95 %1.09 - 3.32) p = 0.02), and no remission after the first course CT (HR3.32(CI95 %1.57-7.0) p = 0.002). The efficacy of alloHSCT compared with CT is higher both in standard and high-risk cytogenetic group.

scholarly journals FLAMSA-RIC for Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerapat Owattanapanich ◽  
Patompong Ungprasert ◽  
Verena Wais ◽  
Smith Kungwankiattichai ◽  
Donald Bunjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens are established options for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, the efficacy of RIC regimens for patients with high-risk disease is limited. The addition of a fludarabine, amsacrine, and cytarabine (FLAMSA)-sequential conditioning regimen was introduced for patients with high-risk MDS and AML to combine a high anti-leukemic activity with the advantages of RIC. The current systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted with the aim of identifying all cohort studies of patients with AML and/or MDS who received FLAMSA-RIC to determine its efficacy and toxicity. Out of 3044 retrieved articles, 12 published studies with 2395 overall patients (18.1–76.0 years; 96.8% AML and 3.2% MDS; follow-up duration of 0.7–145 months; 50.3% had active AML disease before HSCT) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. In the pooled analysis, the 1- and 3-year overall survival (OS) rates were 59.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), 47.9–70.2%) and 40.2% (95% CI, 28.0–53.7%), respectively. The pooled 3-year OS rate of the patients who achieved CR1 or CR2 prior to HSCT was 60.1% (95% CI, 55.1–64.8%) and the percentage of those with relapse or refractory disease was 27.8% (95% CI, 23.3–32.8%). The pooled 3-year leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate was 39.3% (95% CI, 26.4–53.9%). Approximately 29% of the patients suffered from grades 2–4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), while 35.6% had chronic GVHD. The pooled 1- and 3-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) rates were 17.9% (95% CI, 16.1–19.8%) and 21.1% (95% CI, 18.8–23.7%), respectively. Our data indicates that the FLAMSA-RIC regimen is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for HSCT in patients with high-risk AML and MDS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document