scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF THE PARENTERAL INJECTION OF EPINEPHRIN ON LEUKOCYTE COUNTS IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH ADDISON’S DISEASE

Blood ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
JACQUES L. GABRILOVE ◽  
MARIO VOLTERRA ◽  
MILDRED D. JACOBS ◽  
LOUIS J. SOFFER
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Cortical Destruction ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Leukocyte Response

Abstract Ten normal subjects and 11 patients with Addison’s disease were studied as to their leukocyte response following the subcutaneous administration of epinephrin. The pattern of response was found to be similar in both groups, diphasic curves being noted. In general, the patients with Addison’s disease differ from normal individuals in having: (1) a lower and less labile white count, (2) a lower and less labile neutrophile count, (3) a higher lymphocyte count, (4) a slightly lesser percentage fall in absolute number of lymphocytes, and (5) a higher lymphocyte percentage. The use of this method to demonstrate adrenal cortical destruction is not feasible with the dosage of epinephrin employed in this study.

Plasma Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone in Addison's Disease and its Modification by the Administration of Adrenal Steroids

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-660
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Normal Adults

Adrenal steroids exert a depressant effect on the release of pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone. It is therefore of interest to ascertain whether there is an increased secretion of ACTH in Addison's disease because of the deficiency of adrenal steroids in the plasma in this condition. The concentration of ACTH was determined by measuring the production of corticosteroids in the hypophysectomized dog as a measure of the amount of ACTH in plasma obtained from humans. In normal adults the amount of ACTH circulating in the plasma is so small that 20 to 31 ml of plasma does not contain sufficient ACTH to cause a significant increase in adrenal corticosteroids in adrenal venous blood collected from the test animal. Fifty-one determinations in 32 patients with adrenal insufficiency revealed a mean concentration of ACTH in the plasma which was significantly elevated over that found for plasma from 16 controlled samples obtained from normal subjects. The increased concentration of ACTH found in 10 patients with Addison's disease was significantly reduced by the intravenous infusion of hydrocortisone. It was not possible to correlate the increased concentration of ACTH in the plasma of patients with Addison's disease with the clinical manifestations or duration of the disease. The relative suppressive effect of various amounts and kinds of corticosteroids was studied.

Effects of ACTH on the Sleep of Normal Subjects and Patients with Addison’s Disease

1974 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Gillin ◽  
L.S. Jacobs ◽  
F. Snyder ◽  
R.I. Henkin
Keyword(s):  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Addison's Disease

scholarly journals The Treatment of Addison's Disease by Whole Adrenal Gland

1935 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Stanton Hicks ◽  
M. L. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
Suprarenal Gland ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Intercurrent Illness ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Gastric Musculature ◽  
Effective Result

By cooling fresh suprarenal gland tissue immediately on removal from the animal, and by defatting, and mincing the same at low temperatures, and drying at 37°C. with the least loss of time, a preparation is obtained which in daily doses of 3 grm. per os, is effective in restoring a large measure of health to sufferers from Addison's disease.It is essential that a potent extract of suprarenal cortex be available for ( a) restoring the patient sufficiently to enable whole gland treatment to be instituted and ( b) to treat any return of abdominal symptoms or circulatory collapse induced by intercurrent illness or failure to retain the whole gland through vomiting.It is desirable to increase the intake of sodium chloride to 10 to 15 grm. daily.Neither saline alone, nor cortical extract alone produces the same effective result as whole suprarenal gland prepared as above administered per os.Commercial preparations of whole suprarenal can be entirely without effect.Subcutaneous injection of adrenalin in a phase of weakness may have disastrous results.Trials, using the whole gland preparation on normal subjects, further establish the observations of Rowntree, that the gastric musculature is stimulated by injection of whole suprarenal gland. In certain cases, considerable elevation of blood-pressure may also result.

High plasma levels of endothelin-1 in untreated Addison's disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Letizia ◽  
Marco Centanni ◽  
Luigi Scuro ◽  
Gianluca Canettieri ◽  
Sabrina Cerci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corticosteroid Therapy ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Oral Corticosteroid Therapy

Letizia C, Centanni M, Scuro L, Canettieri G, Cerci S, De Ciocchis A, D'Ambrosio C, Scavo D. High plasma levels of endothelin 1 in untreated Addison's disease. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;135:696–9. ISSN 0804–4643 The aim of this study has been to investigate the plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in adult patients with proven Addison's disease (AD). Plasma ET-1 levels were measured in 29 subjects (17 males and 12 females, aged between 20 and 54 years): 15 of them were patients with AD and 14 were sex- and age-matched normal subjects, used as a control group. All patients with AD have been studied under basal conditions and nine of them also after 2 weeks on oral corticosteroid therapy (individual cortisol dosage ranging from 25 to 37.5 mg/day and 0.1 mg/day 9α-fluorohydrocortisone). Extracted plasma ET-1 was determined by a specific radioimmunoassay using rabbit endothelin antisera. Mean ET-1 values in the patients with AD were three times higher than in normal subjects (21.09 ± 4.38 pg/ml vs 6.72 ± 1.74 pg/ml; p < 0.0001). Plasma ET-1 levels assayed in the patients with AD after 2 weeks of corticosteroid therapy were significantly decreased (14.47 ± 3.7 pg/ml vs 22.8 ± 5.2 pg/ml; −37%; p < 0.001) compared to values in untreated patients. However, the plasma ET-1 values obtained following corticosteroid therapy were still significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those detected in the control subjects. These results clearly indicate that patients with untreated AD have increased circulating ET-1 levels that may be reduced by short-term corticosteroid therapy. Claudio Letizia, Policlinico Umberto I, II Clinica Medica, 00185 Roma, Italy

IMPAIRMENT OF ARGININE INDUCED GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE AFTER THREE DAYS TREATMENT WITH DEPOT-ACTH

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Köbberling ◽  
A. v. z. Mühlen ◽  
A. Bachmann ◽  
R. D. Hesch
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Addison’S Disease ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Addison's Disease ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Small Change

ABSTRACT The growth hormone (GH) response to arginine infusion in 11 normal subjects and 4 patients with Addison's disease on maintenance replacement doses of cortisone and fludrocortisone was studied before and 24 h following the administration of 1 mg Synacthen-Depot® (tetracosactid) daily for 3 days. The mean peak GH levels during arginine infusion tests were significantly decreased after ACTH-treatment (3.8 vs. 32.1 ng/ml), all peak values being below the normal range. The patients with Addison's disease either showed very low GH response in the pre-treatment test followed by a small change after ACTH (3 patients) or a low normal response in the pre-treatment test with a depressed response after ACTH (1 patient). Based on the results of the present study and those previously reported by others we suggest that the acute administration of ACTH induces GH release but that repeated administration of ACTH leads to a GH depletion of the pituitary gland and decreased response to stimulation tests. This effect is not mediated through endogenous cortisol release.

Auditory Selective Attention in Cerebral-Palsied Individuals

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Ann Laraway
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the auditory selective attention abilities of normal and cerebral-palsied individuals. Twenty-three cerebral-palsied and 23 normal subjects between the ages of 5 and 21 were asked to repeat a series of 30 items consisting of from 2 to 4 digits in the presence of intermittent white noise. Results of the study indicate that cerebral-palsied individuals perform significantly poorer than normal individuals when the stimulus is accompanied by noise. Noise was not a significant factor in the performance of the normal subjects regardless of age.

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