scholarly journals Granulocyte function during lithium therapy

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Cohen ◽  
B Zakhireh ◽  
JA Metcalf ◽  
RK Root
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Granulocyte Function

Abstract Random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal ability of neutrophils from 5 patients receiving lithium carbonate were compared with those of neutrophils from healthy donors. These cells functioned normally in all respects. Neither sera from patients receiving lithium carbonate nor the addition of lithium chloride to control cells in vitro significantly altered their functional capacity. These findings suggest that neutrophil function in patients receiving lithium therapy is preserved, and they support the potential utility of this drug as a leukopoietic agent in neutropenic states.

scholarly journals Granulocyte function during lithium therapy

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-915
Author(s):  
MS Cohen ◽  
B Zakhireh ◽  
JA Metcalf ◽  
RK Root
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Chloride ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Granulocyte Function

Random migration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bactericidal ability of neutrophils from 5 patients receiving lithium carbonate were compared with those of neutrophils from healthy donors. These cells functioned normally in all respects. Neither sera from patients receiving lithium carbonate nor the addition of lithium chloride to control cells in vitro significantly altered their functional capacity. These findings suggest that neutrophil function in patients receiving lithium therapy is preserved, and they support the potential utility of this drug as a leukopoietic agent in neutropenic states.

scholarly journals Granulocyte function in experimental human endotoxemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Territo ◽  
DW Golde
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Human Endotoxemia ◽  
Endotoxin Administration ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Granulocyte Function

Abstract The effects of endotoxin administration on in vitro granulocyte function were studied in normal man. Four healthy volunteers received an intravenous injection of Pseudomonas endotoxin, 0.1 mug/kg. Endotoxemia resulted in transient neutropenia followed by a rebound neutrophilia. The nadir of the granulocyte count occurred at about 1 hr and maximal neutrophilia 2–4 hr after endotoxin administration. Throughout this time period, neutrophil phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans were normal, as were resting and postphagocytic glucose metabolism and leukocyte random migration. However, postendotoxin neutrophils demonstrated a markedly decreased chemotactic response in Boyden chambers. The defect was maximal 1 hr after endotoxin administration and persisted 3–4 hr. These observations suggest that, in addition to neutropenia, endotoxin can transiently cause a chemotactic defect or select for a population of circulating neutrophils with an impairment of chemotactic activity.

scholarly journals Granulocyte concentrate function during preservation: effect of temperature

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
TA Lane ◽  
B Windle
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Bactericidal Activities ◽  
Granulocyte Function ◽  
Slight Advantage

Granulocyte concentrates collected from normal donors are necessarily stored for varying intervals up to the time of transfusion. However, information regarding the fate of collected cells and the optimal mode of storage in vitro in the interval between collection and transfusion is far from complete. We studied granulocyte function during preservation of granulocyte concentrates for up to 72 hr. The initial and most consistent alteration in granulocyte function during storage was failure of random migration and chemotaxis after 24 hr of storage (50% and 61% of normal, respectively). By 48 hr the respiratory burst was decreased by 42%, whereas at 48 hr phagocytic and bactericidal activities were nearly normal. Defects in migration and respiratory burst are not due to delayed activation of these functions but to absolute decreases in maximum rates of migration and oxygen consumption. Comparison of granulocyte concentrate storage at 6 degrees C versus room temperature indicated at 24 hr an improved (p greater than 0.02) but still abnormal (p greater than 0.02) chemotactic response with 24 degrees C storage and at 48 hr no difference in migration but a slight advantage in bacterial killing at 6 degrees C storage. These studies show that severe impairment of granulocyte function occurs within 24 hr of collection by centrifugal means; consequently, granulocyte concentrates should be transfused as soon as possible after collection.

scholarly journals Granulocyte function in experimental human endotoxemia

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Territo ◽  
DW Golde
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Chemotactic Activity ◽  
Human Endotoxemia ◽  
Endotoxin Administration ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Granulocyte Function

The effects of endotoxin administration on in vitro granulocyte function were studied in normal man. Four healthy volunteers received an intravenous injection of Pseudomonas endotoxin, 0.1 mug/kg. Endotoxemia resulted in transient neutropenia followed by a rebound neutrophilia. The nadir of the granulocyte count occurred at about 1 hr and maximal neutrophilia 2–4 hr after endotoxin administration. Throughout this time period, neutrophil phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans were normal, as were resting and postphagocytic glucose metabolism and leukocyte random migration. However, postendotoxin neutrophils demonstrated a markedly decreased chemotactic response in Boyden chambers. The defect was maximal 1 hr after endotoxin administration and persisted 3–4 hr. These observations suggest that, in addition to neutropenia, endotoxin can transiently cause a chemotactic defect or select for a population of circulating neutrophils with an impairment of chemotactic activity.

scholarly journals Granulocyte concentrate function during preservation: effect of temperature

Blood ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Lane ◽  
B Windle
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Random Migration ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Bactericidal Activities ◽  
Granulocyte Function ◽  
Slight Advantage

Abstract Granulocyte concentrates collected from normal donors are necessarily stored for varying intervals up to the time of transfusion. However, information regarding the fate of collected cells and the optimal mode of storage in vitro in the interval between collection and transfusion is far from complete. We studied granulocyte function during preservation of granulocyte concentrates for up to 72 hr. The initial and most consistent alteration in granulocyte function during storage was failure of random migration and chemotaxis after 24 hr of storage (50% and 61% of normal, respectively). By 48 hr the respiratory burst was decreased by 42%, whereas at 48 hr phagocytic and bactericidal activities were nearly normal. Defects in migration and respiratory burst are not due to delayed activation of these functions but to absolute decreases in maximum rates of migration and oxygen consumption. Comparison of granulocyte concentrate storage at 6 degrees C versus room temperature indicated at 24 hr an improved (p greater than 0.02) but still abnormal (p greater than 0.02) chemotactic response with 24 degrees C storage and at 48 hr no difference in migration but a slight advantage in bacterial killing at 6 degrees C storage. These studies show that severe impairment of granulocyte function occurs within 24 hr of collection by centrifugal means; consequently, granulocyte concentrates should be transfused as soon as possible after collection.

scholarly journals Albumin in patients with liver disease shows an altered conformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Paar ◽  
Vera H. Fengler ◽  
Daniel J. Rosenberg ◽  
Angelika Krebs ◽  
Rudolf E. Stauber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
End Stage

AbstractHuman serum albumin (HSA) constitutes the primary transporter of fatty acids, bilirubin, and other plasma compounds. The binding, transport, and release of its cargos strongly depend on albumin conformation, which is affected by bound ligands induced by physiological and pathological conditions. HSA is both highly oxidized and heavily loaded with fatty acids and bilirubin in chronic liver disease. By employing small-angle X-ray scattering we show that HSA from the plasma of chronic liver disease patients undergoes a distinct opening compared to healthy donors. The extent of HSA opening correlates with clinically relevant variables, such as the model of end-stage liver disease score, bilirubin, and fatty acid levels. Although the mild oxidation of HSA in vitro does not alter overall structure, the alteration of patients’ HSA correlates with its redox state. This study connects clinical data with structural visualization of albumin dynamicity in solution and underlines the functional importance of albumin’s inherent flexibility.

scholarly journals T cell mediated hypersensitivity to previously tolerated iodinated contrast media precipitated by introduction of atezolizumab

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e002521
Author(s):  
Sean Hammond ◽  
Anna Olsson-Brown ◽  
Joshua Gardner ◽  
Paul Thomson ◽  
Serat-E Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Media ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Concomitant Medications

Many adverse reactions associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatments are immunologically driven and may necessitate discontinuation of the ICI. Herein, we present a patient who had been administered the radio contrast media amidotrizoate multiple times without issue but who then developed a Stevens-Johnson syndrome reaction after coadministration of atezolizumab. Causality was confirmed by a positive re-challenge with amidotrizoate and laboratory investigations that implicated T cells. Importantly, the introduction of atezolizumab appears to have altered the immunologic response to amidotrizoate in terms of the tolerance–elicitation continuum. Proof of concept studies demonstrated enhancement of recall responses to a surrogate antigen panel following in-vitro (healthy donors) and in-vivo (ICI patients) administrations of ICIs. Our findings highlight the importance of considering all concomitant medications in patients on ICIs who develop immune-mediated adverse reactions. In the event of some immune-related adverse reactions, it may be critical to identify the culprit antigen-forming entity that the ICIs have altered the perception of rather than simply attribute causality to the ICI itself in order to optimize both patient safety and treatment of malignancies.

scholarly journals The Effect of Prednisolone on Canine Neutrophil Function: In Vivo and in Vitro Studies

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
G. Trowald-Wigh ◽  
L. Håkansson ◽  
A. Johannisson ◽  
L.E. Edqvist
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Function ◽  
In Vitro Studies

EFFECT OF LITHIUM ON THYROID FUNCTION IN MAN

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lazarus ◽  
E. H. Bennie
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Lithium Therapy ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Significant Fall ◽  
Concentrating Mechanism ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Thyroid function was assessed in a prospective survey of 13 manicdepressive patients before and after 3 months on lithium carbonate and in a further 12 patients who had received lithium for 20 months. There was a significant increase in thyroid size as measured by quantitative scintiscanning in 8 patients in the first group. One male in the second group had a goitre. There was a rise in plasma TSH in the first group and a significant fall in saliva to plasma iodide. It is suggested that pathogenesis of lithium induced goitre is related to a disturbance in the iodide concentrating mechanism. Thyroid status should be evaluated in patients who are suitable for lithium therapy.

Characterization of excretory–secretory products from protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus and evaluation of their potential for immunodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. CARMENA ◽  
J. MARTÍNEZ ◽  
A. BENITO ◽  
J. A. GUISANTES
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

This study describes, for the first time, the characterization of excretory–secretory antigens (ES-Ag) from Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, evaluating their usefulness in the immunodiagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis. ES-Ag were obtained from the first 50 h maintenance of protoscoleces in vitro. This preparation contained over 20 major protein components which could be distinguished by 1-dimensional SDS–PAGE with apparent masses between 9 and 300 kDa. The culture of of protoscoleces from liver produced a greater variety of excretory–secretory protein components than those from lung. Determination of enzymatic activities of secreted proteins revealed the presence of phosphatases, lipases and glucosidases, but no proteases. These findings were compared to those obtained from somatic extracts of protoscoleces and hydatid cyst fluid products. Immunochemical characterization was performed by immunoblotting with sera from individuals infected by cystic echinococcosis (n=15), non-hydatidic parasitoses (n=19), various liver diseases (n=24), lung neoplasia (n=16), and healthy donors (n=18). Antigens with apparent masses of 89, 74, 47/50, 32, and 20 kDa showed specificity for immunodiagnosis of human hydatidosis. The 89 and 74 kDa components corresponded to antigens not yet described in E. granulosus, whereas proteins of 41–43 kDa and 91–95 kDa were recognized by the majority of the non-hydatid sera studied.

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