scholarly journals Red blood cell deformability influences platelets--vessel wall interaction in flowing blood

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Aarts ◽  
RM Heethaar ◽  
JJ Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Platelet Adherence ◽  
Flowing Blood ◽  
Wall Interaction

Hematocrit and red cell size are important factors for the transport of blood platelets toward subendothelium in flowing blood. We report that red cell deformability also influences platelet transport. Red cell deformability was estimated with Couette-flow viscosimetry at a shear rate of 130 s-1 and expressed as a ‘T’ factor--a dimensionless parameter relating the relative viscosity and the hematocrit derived from the relationship: T = (1 - mu -0.4 rel)/H, where mu rel is the relative viscosity and H is the hematocrit. The normal value of T was within a narrow range (0.91 +/- 0.02). Treatment of normal red cells with isoxsuprine and chlorpromazine caused decreased rigidity and decreased T. Cholesterol loading and treatment with diamide increased rigidity and increased T. In vitro perfusion experiments in an annular perfusion system with everted human umbilical arteries were performed with perfusates to which such treated red blood cells were added to investigate their influence on platelet adherence to artery subendothelium. Platelet adherence was well correlated with red cell rigidity, with increased adherence at increased rigidity and vice versa. A change in T of 0.10 corresponded to a change in platelet adherence of approximately 50%. These effects were more pronounced at a wall shear rate of 1,800 s-1 than at 300 s-1.

scholarly journals Red blood cell deformability influences platelets--vessel wall interaction in flowing blood

Blood ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Aarts ◽  
RM Heethaar ◽  
JJ Sixma
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Platelet Adherence ◽  
Flowing Blood ◽  
Wall Interaction

Abstract Hematocrit and red cell size are important factors for the transport of blood platelets toward subendothelium in flowing blood. We report that red cell deformability also influences platelet transport. Red cell deformability was estimated with Couette-flow viscosimetry at a shear rate of 130 s-1 and expressed as a ‘T’ factor--a dimensionless parameter relating the relative viscosity and the hematocrit derived from the relationship: T = (1 - mu -0.4 rel)/H, where mu rel is the relative viscosity and H is the hematocrit. The normal value of T was within a narrow range (0.91 +/- 0.02). Treatment of normal red cells with isoxsuprine and chlorpromazine caused decreased rigidity and decreased T. Cholesterol loading and treatment with diamide increased rigidity and increased T. In vitro perfusion experiments in an annular perfusion system with everted human umbilical arteries were performed with perfusates to which such treated red blood cells were added to investigate their influence on platelet adherence to artery subendothelium. Platelet adherence was well correlated with red cell rigidity, with increased adherence at increased rigidity and vice versa. A change in T of 0.10 corresponded to a change in platelet adherence of approximately 50%. These effects were more pronounced at a wall shear rate of 1,800 s-1 than at 300 s-1.

Estimation of Red Cell Deformability Based on Flow Curve of Whole Blood in the Higher Shear Rate Range.

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Shinichi Ookawara ◽  
Akihisa Yano ◽  
Kohei Ogawa ◽  
Koichi Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Flow Curve ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Rate Range

Red Cell Properties In Haemostasis

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Housley ◽  
G V R Born
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Initial Flow ◽  
Red Cell Membranes ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Platelets Function

Earlier observations of ours have suggested that, under in vitro conditions resembling those under which platelets function haemostatically in vivo, their activation is promoted by the red cells. Seme of the evidence suggested that this is through limited haemolysis with release of ADP. However, newly determined time relationships make this uncertain. Could red cells provide ADP without haemolysis?Crtheir flow properties affect the process more? To analyse the problem, we are determining dependence of red cell deformability on membrane constitution; and release of haemoglobin and adeninenucleotides under different conditions. Ten percent human red cell suspensions in physiological salines flow under constant pressures through 2, 3, 4 and 5 pm micropore filters, the flow rate measured continuously with an electronic balance. Initial flow rates are increased by fluidising agents, eg. ethanol, and decreased by agents with opposite effect. Our results are consistent with the new hypothesis of S.J. Singer on the mode of action of amphipathic agents, such as chlorpromazine, on red cell membranes.

scholarly journals Effect of Heinz Bodies on Red Cell Deformability

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Lubin ◽  
Jane F. Desforges
Keyword(s):  
Atp Depletion ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Heinz Body ◽  
Methemoglobin Formation ◽  
Filtration Properties ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Decreased deformability of acetylphenylhydrazine-treated erythrocytes, measured by in vitro filtration experiments, was found to parallel Heinz body formation. The decreased deformability seemed unrelated to methemoglobin formation, ATP depletion, red cell size, or membrane effect. Hemolysis of Heinz body erythrocytes occurred during filtration of severely damaged cells, in an all-or-none fashion. In mixtures, separation of untreated cells from Heinz body-containing erythrocytes could be accomplished by filtration. There may be a relationship of these filtration properties to intravascular, in vivo destruction of severely damaged cells in Heinz body anemias.

scholarly journals Plasma-mediated alterations of erythrocyte deformability by perfluorochemical blood substitutes

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Holloway ◽  
EA O'Rear ◽  
BM Fung
Keyword(s):  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Mean Cell Volume

Abstract The effect of perfluorochemical blood substitutes (eg, Oxypherol or Fluosol-DA) on red cell deformability was investigated because these emulsions are in direct contact with red cells when they are used as temporary circulatory aids. Erythrocyte deformability was assessed by a constant volumetric flow rate filtration method. The results of in vitro incubation experiments indicate that perfluorotributylamine causes the deformability of human red cells to decrease significantly in the presence of plasma. However, there is no obvious loss in the deformability when washed cells are used. Neither mean cell volume nor white cells appear to be responsible for the observed effects of perfluorotributylamine. Perfluorodecalin and perfluorotripropylamine, two perfluorochemical compounds that are widely applied clinically, do not induce significant changes in red cell deformability with or without plasma. These results indicate the need for in vitro testing in the development of perfluorochemicals as blood substitutes.

NOVEL TECHIQUES FOR QUANTIFICATION OF RBC-SHAPE (RS) AND SHEAR INDUCED RBC ELONGATION (SIRE): APPLICATION FOR ANALYSIS OF DRUG INDUCED ALTERATIONS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Artmann ◽  
R Grebe ◽  
H Wolff ◽  
R Degenhardt ◽  
H Schmid-SchÖnbein
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Curvature ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Filtration Method

In the past, red cell resting shape could only be assessed by subjective scaling, red cell deformability by a variety of rheological tests that are extremelydifficult to standardize and which all subject the RBC to high deforming forces. None of the latter have been accepted as reference in haematology, haemorheologyor pharmacology. A recent development from our group now allows objective, numerical analysis of red cell membrane curvature (i.e. the echinocytic or stomatocytic deviation from the discocytic resting shape) by a tangent count procedure in optical sections through freely suspended, randomly oriented RBC: (Grebe et al. Biorheology 22(6), 1985). Also, the deformation of point attached erythrocytes under the influence of extremely low shear stresses (0.05 Pa to 0.5 Pa, ARTOANN:Clin. Hemorheology 6, 1986), which are at least two orders of magnitude lower thanthat in any routinely available filtration method allows for the first time to model in vitro the extreme low flow states that occur in severe forms of haemodynamic insufficiency. These two methods in combination are ideally suited for routine tests of drug effects on normal human RBC: the drug action on RS can be monitored continuously during the action of drugs in the suspending medium; likewise, RISA can be recorded automatically on one population of adherent RBC while altering the composition and the drug concentration in the superfusate. The two methods were applied in combination to test rheological and membranological effects of two distinctly different compounds, namely Bencyclan (Bencylan-Hydrogen-Fumarate) and Vinpocitin (Aethyl vincamin) in normal cells and in cells after exposure to "stress conditions", i.e. hyperosmolarity and lactacidosis. Both olrugs given to n o r m a 1 RBC produce stomatocytosis in a done dependent fashion (1-100 uMolar). At shear stresses above o.6 Pa, the RISA is identical to controls, but is oxmsiderably less pronounced at lower shear stresses (T < 0.2 Pa). Thus, drugs of completely olifferent pharmacological action produce clear cut rheological effects on RBC in the micrcmolar concentration range; the combination of methods employed opens new possibilities for the systematic development of haemorheologically active drugs.Supported by DFG:Grant Gr 902/1-1

Effect of Iohexol on Red Cell Deformability in Vitro

1980 ◽  
Vol 21 (362_suppl) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Peter Aspelin ◽  
Paul Teitel ◽  
Torsten Almén
Keyword(s):  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability

scholarly journals Plasma-mediated alterations of erythrocyte deformability by perfluorochemical blood substitutes

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
GM Holloway ◽  
EA O'Rear ◽  
BM Fung
Keyword(s):  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Mean Cell Volume

The effect of perfluorochemical blood substitutes (eg, Oxypherol or Fluosol-DA) on red cell deformability was investigated because these emulsions are in direct contact with red cells when they are used as temporary circulatory aids. Erythrocyte deformability was assessed by a constant volumetric flow rate filtration method. The results of in vitro incubation experiments indicate that perfluorotributylamine causes the deformability of human red cells to decrease significantly in the presence of plasma. However, there is no obvious loss in the deformability when washed cells are used. Neither mean cell volume nor white cells appear to be responsible for the observed effects of perfluorotributylamine. Perfluorodecalin and perfluorotripropylamine, two perfluorochemical compounds that are widely applied clinically, do not induce significant changes in red cell deformability with or without plasma. These results indicate the need for in vitro testing in the development of perfluorochemicals as blood substitutes.

The Effects of Acute Smoking on Platelet Behaviour, Fibrinolysis and Haemorheology in Habitual Smokers

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-008 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J F Belch ◽  
B M McArdle ◽  
P Burns ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
C D Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Smoking Group

SummaryThere is an increased frequency of arterial thrombosis in cigarette smokers. The changes in blood coagulation seen in these subjects have been studied by many workers but results have not always been in agreement. We wished to study the effects of acute .smoking on platelet behaviour, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in ten habitual smokers, and to compare these results with nonsmoking controls. Results show that the smoking group had higher plasma fibrinogen (p <0.04), lower plasminogen (p <0.02) and plasminogen activator (p <0.05), and higher plasma viscosity (p <0.003). The changes seen in cigarette smokers after smoking three cigarettes were an increase in the rate of platelet aggregation to ADP (p <0.02), an increase in α2M, (p <0.02), and factor VIII RAG (p <0.05). Plasma viscosity was decreased (p <0.02) as was red cell deformability (p >0.02).We confirm an increased tendency to hypercoagulability in smokers compared to controls which becomes more pronounced immediately after smoking three cigarettes.

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