scholarly journals Morphological, physiological, and transcriptional responses to low nitrogen stress in Populus deltoides Marsh. clones with contrasting nitrogen use efficiency

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Chen ◽  
Yanguang Chu ◽  
Qinjun Huang ◽  
Weixi Zhang ◽  
Changjun Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Group A ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Starvation ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Abstract Background Nitrogen (N) is one of the main factors limiting the wood yield in poplar cultivation. Understanding the molecular mechanism of N utilization could play a guiding role in improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of poplar. Results In this study, three N-efficient genotypes (A1-A3) and three N-inefficient genotypes (C1-C3) of Populus deltoides were cultured under low N stress (5 μM NH4NO3) and normal N supply (750 μM NH4NO3). The dry matter mass, leaf morphology, and chlorophyll content of both genotypes decreased under N starvation. The low nitrogen adaptation coefficients of the leaves and stems biomass of group A were significantly higher than those of group C (p < 0.05). Interestingly, N starvation induced fine root growth in group A, but not in group C. Next, a detailed time-course analysis of enzyme activities and gene expression in leaves identified 2062 specifically differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in group A and 1118 in group C. Moreover, the sensitivity to N starvation of group A was weak, and DEGs related to hormone signal transduction and stimulus response played an important role in the low N response this group. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified genes related to membranes, catalytic activity, enzymatic activity, and response to stresses that might be critical for poplar’s adaption to N starvation and these genes participated in the negative regulation of various biological processes. Finally, ten influential hub genes and twelve transcription factors were identified in the response to N starvation. Among them, four hub genes were related to programmed cell death and the defense response, and PodelWRKY18, with high connectivity, was involved in plant signal transduction. The expression of hub genes increased gradually with the extension of low N stress time, and the expression changes in group A were more obvious than those in group C. Conclusions Under N starvation, group A showed stronger adaptability and better NUE than group C in terms of morphology and physiology. The discovery of hub genes and transcription factors might provide new information for the analysis of the molecular mechanism of NUE and its improvement in poplar.

scholarly journals Morphological Physiological and Transcriptional Response to Low Nitrogen Stress in Populus Deltoides Marsh. Clones With Contrasting Nitrogen Use Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Chen ◽  
Yanguang Chu ◽  
Qinjun Huang ◽  
Weixi Zhang ◽  
Changjun Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Plant Signal Transduction ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Starvation

Abstract Background: Nitrogen (N) is one of the main factors limiting the wood yield in poplar cultivation. Understanding the molecular mechanism of N utilization could play a guiding role in improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Results: In this study, three N-efficient genotypes (A) and three N-inefficient genotypes (C) of Populus deltoides were cultured under low N stress (5 μM NH4NO3) and normal N supply (750 μM NH4NO3). The dry matter mass, leaf morphology, and chlorophyll content of both genotypes decreased under N starvation. Interestingly, N starvation induced fine root growth in A, but not in C. Next, a detailed time-course analysis of enzyme activities and gene expression in leaves identified 2,062 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in A and 1,118 in C, most of which were up-regulated. Moreover, the sensitivity to N starvation of A was weak, and DEGs related to hormone signal transduction played an important role in the low N response in A. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified genes related to membrane, catalytic activity, enzymatic activity, and response to stresses might be critical for poplar’s adaption to N starvation and these genes participated in the negative regulation of various biological processes. Finally, ten influential hub genes and twelve transcription factors were identified in the response to N starvation, among them Podel.19G001200, Podel.19G035300, Podel.02G021400, and Podel.04G076900 were related to programmed cell death, and the defense response, and PodelWRKY41, PodelWRKY75, PodelWRKY18, PodelBHLH25, PodelBHLH30, PodelBHLH, and PodelHY5 were involved in plant signal transduction.Conclusions: Under the condition of N starvation, A showed stronger adaptability and a better NUE than C in morphology and physiology. The discovery of hub genes and TFs provided a new information for the analysis of the molecular mechanism of N efficient utilization and the improvement of NUE of poplar.

scholarly journals Morphological and physiological plasticity response to low nitrogen stress in black cottonwood (Populus deltoides Marsh.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Chen ◽  
Yanguang Chu ◽  
Qinjun Huang ◽  
Changjun Ding ◽  
Weixi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Normal Nitrogen ◽  
Low Nitrogen

AbstractIt is important to evaluate nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen tolerance of trees in order to improve their productivity. In this study, both were evaluated for 338 Populus deltoides genotypes from six provenances. The plants were cultured under normal nitrogen (750 μM NH4NO3) and low nitrogen (5 μM NH4NO3) conditions for 3 months. Growth, chlorophyll content and glutamine synthetase activity of each genotype were measured. Under low nitrogen, heights, ground diameter, leaf area, leaf and root biomass, and chlorophyll contents were significantly lower than those under normal nitrogen level. Correlation analysis showed that nutrient distribution changed under different nitrogen treatments. There was a negative correlation between leaf traits and root biomass under normal nitrogen level, however, the correlation became positive in low nitrogen treatment. Moreover, with the decrease of nitrogen level, the negative correlation between leaf morphology and chlorophyll levels became weakened. The growth of the genotypes under the two treatments was evaluated by combining principal component analysis with a fuzzy mathematical membership function; the results showed that leaf traits accounted for a large proportion of the variation in the evaluation model. According to the results of comprehensive evaluation of plants under the two treatments, the 338 P. deltoides genotypes could be divided into nine categories, with wide genotypic diversity in nitrogen use efficiency and low nitrogen tolerance. As a result, 26 N-efficient genotypes and 24 N-inefficient genotypes were selected. By comparative analysis of their morphological and physiological traits under the two treatments, leaf traits could be significant indicators for nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen tolerance, which is of considerable significance for breeding poplar varieties with high nitrogen use efficiencies.

scholarly journals Enhanced sustainable green revolution yield via nitrogen-responsive chromatin modulation in rice

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6478) ◽  
pp. eaaz2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wu ◽  
Shuansuo Wang ◽  
Wenzhen Song ◽  
Jianqing Zhang ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Agricultural Sustainability ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 ◽  
Della Proteins ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Cereal Yields

Because environmentally degrading inorganic fertilizer use underlies current worldwide cereal yields, future agricultural sustainability demands enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. We found that genome-wide promotion of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) enables nitrogen-induced stimulation of rice tillering: APETALA2-domain transcription factor NGR5 (NITROGEN-MEDIATED TILLER GROWTH RESPONSE 5) facilitates nitrogen-dependent recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 to repress branching-inhibitory genes via H3K27me3 modification. NGR5 is a target of gibberellin receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1)–promoted proteasomal destruction. DELLA proteins (characterized by the presence of a conserved aspartate-glutamate-leucine-leucine-alanine motif) competitively inhibit the GID1-NGR5 interaction and explain increased tillering of green revolution varieties. Increased NGR5 activity consequently uncouples tillering from nitrogen regulation, boosting rice yield at low nitrogen fertilization levels. NGR5 thus enables enhanced nitrogen use efficiency for improved future agricultural sustainability and food security.

Low Nitrogen Enhances Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Triggering NO3–Uptake and Its Long-Distance Translocation

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (24) ◽  
pp. 6736-6747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Wu ◽  
Jinsong Luo ◽  
Yongliang Han ◽  
Yingpeng Hua ◽  
Chunyun Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen

scholarly journals Relationship of Nitrogen Use Efficiency with the Activities of Enzymes Involved in Nitrogen Uptake and Assimilation of Finger Millet Genotypes Grown under Different Nitrogen Inputs

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Atul K. Gupta ◽  
Vikram S. Gaur ◽  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Conditions

Nitrogen responsiveness of three-finger millet genotypes (differing in their seed coat colour) PRM-1 (brown), PRM-701 (golden), and PRM-801 (white) grown under different nitrogen doses was determined by analyzing the growth, yield parameters and activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase; GOGAT, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) at different developmental stages. High nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen utilization efficiency were observed in PRM-1 genotype, whereas high nitrogen uptake efficiency was observed in PRM-801 genotype. At grain filling nitrogen uptake efficiency in PRM-1 negatively correlated with NR, GS, GOGAT activities whereas it was positively correlated in PRM-701 and PRM-801, however, GDH showed a negative correlation. Growth and yield parameters indicated that PRM-1 responds well at high nitrogen conditions while PRM-701 and PRM-801 respond well at normal and low nitrogen conditions respectively. The study indicates that PRM-1 is high nitrogen responsive and has high nitrogen use efficiency, whereas golden PRM-701 and white PRM-801 are low nitrogen responsive genotypes and have low nitrogen use efficiency. However, the crude grain protein content was higher in PRM-801 genotype followed by PRM-701 and PRM-1, indicating negative correlation of nitrogen use efficiency with source to sink relationship in terms of seed protein content.

Responses of two rice cultivars differing in seedling-stage nitrogen use efficiency to growth under low-nitrogen conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 326 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Ming Shi ◽  
Wei Feng Xu ◽  
Su Mei Li ◽  
Xue Qiang Zhao ◽  
Gang Qiang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Conditions

scholarly journals Shoot and root traits of summer maize hybrid varieties with higher grain yields and higher nitrogen use efficiency at low nitrogen application rates

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7294
Author(s):  
Wennan Su ◽  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
Xiangping Meng ◽  
Qingfang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Breeding high-yielding and nitrogen-efficient maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid varieties is a strategy that could simultaneously solve the problems of resource shortages and environmental pollution. We conducted a 2-year field study using four nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 225, and 300 kg N hm−2) and two maize hybrid varieties (ZD958 and QS101) to understand the plant traits related to high grain yields and high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We found that ZD958 had a higher grain yield and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots at harvest as well as a higher NUE at lower nitrogen application rates (0 and 150 kg hm–2) than QS101. The grain yields and NUE were almost identical for the two hybrid varieties at nitrogen application rates of 225 and 300 kg N hm–2. Compared with QS101, ZD958 had higher above-ground and below-ground biomass amounts, a deeper root distribution, longer root length, root active absorption area, greater grain filling rate, and higher photosynthetic NUE than QS101 at lower nitrogen application rates. Our results showed that ZD958 can maintain a higher grain yield at lower nitrogen rates in a similar manner to N-efficient maize hybrid varieties. The selection of hybrids such as ZD958 with a deeper root distribution and higher photosynthetic NUE can increase the grain yield and NUE under low nitrogen conditions.

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