scholarly journals A novel locus (Bnsdt2) in a TFL1 homologue sustaining determinate growth in Brassica napus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaixiang Li ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Yongpeng Jia ◽  
Cuiping Chen ◽  
Yanmei Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit ◽  
Dh Lines

Abstract Background The determinate growth habits is beneficial for plant architecture modification and the development of crops cultivars suited to mechanized production systems. Which play an important role in the genetic improvement of crops. In Brassica napus, a determinate inflorescence strain (4769) has been discovered among doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained from a spring B. napus × winter B. napus cross, but there are few reports on it. We fine mapped a determinate inflorescence locus, and evaluated the effect of the determinate growth habit on agronomic traits. Results In this study, we assessed the effect of the determinate growth habit on agronomic traits. The results showed that determinacy is beneficial for reducing plant height and flowering time, advancing maturity, enhancing lodging resistance, increasing plant branches and maintaining productivity. Genetic analysis in the determinate (4769) and indeterminate (2982) genotypes revealed that two independently inherited recessive genes (Bnsdt1, Bnsdt2) are responsible for this determinate growth trait. Bnsdt2 was subsequently mapped in BC2 and BC3 populations derived from the combination 2982 × 4769. Bnsdt2 could be delimited to an approximately 122.9 kb region between 68,586.2 kb and 68,709.1 kb on C09. BLAST analysis of these candidate intervals showed that chrC09g006434 (BnaC09.TFL1) is homologous to TFL1 of A. thaliana. Sequence analysis of two alleles identified two non-synonymous SNPs (T136C, G141C) in the first exon of BnaC09.TFL1, resulting in two amino acid substitutions (Phe46Leu, Leu47Phe). Subsequently, qRT-PCR revealed that BnaC09.TFL1 expression in shoot apexes was significantly higher in NIL-4769 than in 4769, suggesting its essential role in sustaining the indeterminate growth habit. Conclusions In this study, the novel locus Bnsdt2, a recessive genes for determinate inflorescence in B. napus, was fine-mapped to a 68,586.2 kb - 68,709.1 kb interval on C09. The annotated genes chrC09g006434 (BnaC09.TFL1) that may be responsible for inflorescence traits were found.

Genetics of growth habit in horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.)Verdc.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basalapura Rangegowda Chandana ◽  
Sampangi Ramesh ◽  
Gonal Basanagouda ◽  
Rotti Kirankumar ◽  
Kyasampalli Venkatesh Reddy Ashwini
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Horse Gram ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit ◽  
Growth Habits

Abstract Growth habit is a plant architectural trait in grain legumes with no exception of horse gram. Determinacy and indeterminacy are the two types of growth habits reported in horse gram. Relative advantages of the two types of growth habit depend on the production systems to which cultivars are targeted. Dependable information on genetics of growth habit provide clues for adopting the most appropriate selection strategy to breed high yielding horse gram varieties with desired growth habit. Taking cues from the past studies, we hypothesize that growth habit in horse gram is controlled by two genes displaying inhibitory epistasis and indeterminacy is dominant over determinacy. To test this hypothesis, we monitored the inheritance of growth habit in F1, F2 and F3 generations derived from two crosses involving parents differing for growth habit. Contrary to our hypothesis, determinate growth habit of F1s of both the crosses suggested dominance of determinacy over indeterminacy. A good fit of observed segregation of F2 plants to that of the hypothesized segregation in the ratio of 13 determinate: 3 indeterminate plants, besides confirming dominance of determinacy, suggested classical digenic inhibitory epistatic control of growth habit. These results were further confirmed in F3 generation based on goodness of fit between observed numbers of plants segregating for determinacy and indeterminacy and those expected in the ratio of 49 determinate: 15 indeterminate plants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the inheritance of growth habit in horse gram.

Fine mapping of the Brassica napus Bnsdt1 gene associated with determinate growth habit

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaixiang Li ◽  
Yanmei Yao ◽  
Lu Xiao ◽  
Zhigang Zhao ◽  
Shaomin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

scholarly journals Effect of change from a determinate to a semi-determinate growth habit on the yield and lodging resistance of soybeans in the northeast region of Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Kato ◽  
Takashi Sayama ◽  
Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara ◽  
Akio Kikuchi ◽  
Masao Ishimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

scholarly journals Genetic dissection and fine mapping of a novel dt gene associated with determinate growth habit in sesame

BMC Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxin Zhang ◽  
Linhai Wang ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Donghua Li ◽  
Jingyin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Genetic Dissection ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

scholarly journals Macronutrients requirement of a snap bean genotype with determinate growth habit in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 644-651
Author(s):  
Ribeiro Barzan Renan ◽  
Gomes Montanucci William ◽  
Adolfo de Freitas Fregonezi Gustavo ◽  
Favoretto Furlan Felipe ◽  
Henrique Campos de Almeida Luiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

scholarly journals SELF-PRUNING affects auxin responses synergistically with the cyclophilin A DIAGEOTROPICA in tomato

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian B. Silva ◽  
Mateus H. Vicente ◽  
Jessenia M. Robledo ◽  
Diego S. Reartes ◽  
Renata C. Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auxin Transport ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cyclophilin A ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

SummaryThe antiflorigenic signal SELF-PRUNING, which controls growth habit, exerts its effects through auxin transport, signaling and metabolism in tomato.AbstractThe SELF PRUNING (SP) gene is a key regulator of growth habit in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). It is an ortholog of TERMINAL FLOWER 1, a phosphatidyl-ethanolamine binding protein with anti-florigenic activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. A spontaneous loss-of-function sp mutation has been bred into a large number of industrial tomato cultivars, as it produces a suite of pleiotropic effects that are favorable for mechanical harvesting, including determinate growth habit, short plant stature and simultaneous fruit ripening. However, the physiological basis for these phenotypic differences has not been thoroughly explained. Here, we show that the sp mutation alters polar auxin transport as well as auxin responses such gravitropic curvature and elongation of excised hypocotyl segments. We further demonstrate that free auxin levels and auxin-regulated gene expression patterns are altered in sp, with epistatic effects of diageotropica, a mutation in a cyclophilin A protein-encoding gene. Our results indicate that SP impacts growth habit in tomato, at least in part, via changes in auxin transport and responsiveness. These findings hint at novel targets that could be manipulated in the control of growth habit and productivity.

scholarly journals Determinate growth habit of grain legumes: role in domestication and selection, genetic control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Krylova ◽  
Elena Khlestkina ◽  
Marina Burlyaeva ◽  
Margarita Vishnyakova
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Stem Growth ◽  
Shoot Meristem ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

This review is devoted to the analysis of molecular genetic mechanisms of controlling the type of growth habit of grain legumes (pea, soybean, common bean, vigna); it provides information on the known homologous genes TFL1, LFY, AP1, FUL, FT, and FD. Significant changes in plant architecture were during domestication of grain legumes. Many wild relatives of legumes are characterized by an indeterminate growth habit type, cultivated plants are characterized by indeterminate and determinate types. In plants with a determinate growth habit type, terminal inflorescence is formed at transition from the vegetative phase to the reproductive phase. These plants are characterized by a complex of features: simultaneous maturation of beans, resistance to lodging, etc. In indeterminate type of growth habit, the apical shoot meristem remains active during plant life. The main genes responsible for the plant transition to flowering are the homologs of the Arabidopsis genes LFY, TFL1, AP1. TFL1 gene is responsible for maintaining of growth of the shoot apical meristem; its homologs were identified in pea (PsTFL1a), soybean (Dt1/ GmTfl1), common bean (PvTFL1y), cowpea (VuTFL1). The identification and characterization of the genes responsible for the type of stem growth habit are necessary for the successful selection of modern varieties suitable for mechanized cultivation. Design of molecular markers that diagnose this important breeding trait at early plant development stages, will help determine the type of stem growth habit.

scholarly journals Fine mapping of the QTL cqSPDA2 for chlorophyll content in Brassica napus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxiu Ye ◽  
Haidong Liu ◽  
Zhi Zhao ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Kaixiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Initial Location ◽  
Dh Lines

Abstract Background Chlorophyll is the most important factor enabling plants to absorb, transfer and transform light energy and plays an important role in yield formation. Brassica napus is one of the most important oil crops. Breeding Brassica napus for high light efficiency by improving photosynthetic efficiency has considerable social and economic value. In Brassica napus, there have been studies of the initial location of chlorophyll in seed embryos and pericarps, but there are few reports on the fine mapping of chlorophyll QTLs. We constructed near-isogenic lines (NIL), fine-mapped a chlorophyll locus, and evaluated the effect of this dominant locus on agronomic traits. Results The cqSPDA2 locus was mapped to an interval of 21.87–22.91 Mb on the chromosome A02 of Brassica napus using doubled haploid (DH) lines. To fine-map cqSPDA2, we built NIL and designed Indel primers covering the mapping interval. The 469 individuals in the BC3F2 population were analyzed using these indel primers. Among these indel primers, 15 could narrow the mapping interval to 188 kb between Indel3 and Indel15. Next, 16 indel primers and 19 SSR primers were designed within the new narrower mapping interval, and 5 of the primer-amplified fragments were found to be polymorphic and tightly linked to the cqSPDA2 locus in the BC4F2 population. The mapping interval was narrowed to 152 kb on A02 between SSR2 and Indel15. By gene expression analysis, we found three annotated genes in the mapping interval, including BnaA02g30260D, BnaA02g30290D and BnaA02g30310D, which may be responsible for chlorophyll synthesis. Conclusions The locus cqSPDA2, a dominant QTL for chlorophyll content in Brassica napus, was fine-mapped to a 21.89–22.04 Mb interval on A02. Three annotated genes (BnaA02g30260D, BnaA02g30290D and BnaA02g30310D) that may be responsible for chlorophyll synthesis were found.

Interhabitat variation in growth characteristics of temperate herbaceous perennials

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumio Yoshie
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Growth Rhythm ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Development Duration ◽  
Flowering Initiation ◽  
Determinate Growth ◽  
Determinate Growth Habit

Growth characteristics were investigated in 40 temperate herbaceous perennial species in relation to habitat. Some forest plants completed leaf development and shoot elongation before and during canopy closure. This rapid foliation involved expansion of only a small number of foliage leaves, disappearance of scale leaves, and a reduced shoot height. These species showed a determinate growth habit and early initiation of flowering. These are characteristics considered to have evolved in association with shade stress. In contrast, plants mainly found in exposed sites with a tall-herb vegetation continued leaf development and shoot elongation even in mid-August. These species possessed a determinate growth habit, not investing photosynthates into sexual organs at least during early vegetative growth, and showed late initiation of flowering. These characteristics appear to be related to competition for light. Plants in exposed sites without tall herbs also continued leaf development in mid-August, but they had rosette forms coupled with indeterminate growth habit and varying time of flowering initiation. These traits allow the plants to make maximum use of the growing season and are advantageous to vegetative regeneration after disturbance. On the basis of the leaf-development duration in this study and dormant states obtained in a previous study, three growth-rhythm categories can be recognized in relation to habitat. Key words: growth form, growth habit, growth rhythm, leaf-development duration, flowering initiation, shade stress, disturbance, competition.

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