Effects of proton pump inhibitor use on the esophageal microbial community

Abstract Background Changes in the esophageal microbiome correlate with esophageal disease, but the effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs are incompletely characterized. Our objective was to identify the effects of PPI use on the microbial community of the esophagus. Methods Mucosal biopsies of the distal esophagus were analyzed using a customized esophageal microbiome qPCR panel array (EMB). Patient demographics, use of PPIs, duration of use and dose were recorded. Results Fifty-eight patients were included. Mean age was 60.5 years. Ninety percent (52/58) of patients were on PPIs. Mean dose was 42.7 mg. Mean duration of use was 2.5 years. The use of PPIs led to a significant difference in absolute levels of only one organism, Actinomyces, in the entire array (p < 0.01). Among patients who used proton pump inhibitors, there was no significant association between dose and absolute levels of any organism. Similarly, there was no association between duration of use and absolute levels of any organism. Conclusions PPI use does not seem to cause significant changes in the distal esophageal microbial community. Future studies with larger sample sizes and esophageal pH testing should be performed to determine the level of acidity and its relationship to the microbial community.

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Esophageal pH-Impedance Monitoring in Patients With Therapy-Resistant Reflux Symptoms: ‘On’ or ‘Off’ Proton Pump Inhibitor?

Yearbook of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0739-5930(09)79259-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 6-7

Author(s):

N. Talley

Keyword(s):

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Reflux Symptoms ◽

Esophageal Ph ◽

Impedance Monitoring

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971 Abnormal Esophageal pH Study As Predictor of Treatment Response to Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia (FD)

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(09)60669-7 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 136 (5) ◽

pp. A-148-A-149

Author(s):

Justin Wu ◽

Pui Kuan Cheong ◽

Yawen Chan ◽

Sau Fong E. Lee ◽

Larry Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Functional Dyspepsia ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Esophageal Ph

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Effect of intracanal medicaments on radicular dentine: An attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis

Asian Journal of Oral Health and Allied Sciences ◽

10.25259/ajohas_2_2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Promila Verma ◽

Afsana Ansari ◽

Aseem Prakash Tikku ◽

Anil Chandra ◽

Rakesh Kumar Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fourier Transform ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared ◽

Attenuated Total Reflection ◽

Control Group ◽

Water Control ◽

Triple Antibiotic Paste ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of proton-pump inhibitor, triple antibiotic paste, and calcium hydroxide on the chemical arrangement of radicular dentine by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and its effect on dentine matrix of root canal under scanning electron microscopy. Materials and Methods: Eighteen mandibular premolars were sectioned to obtain 72 radicular dentine discs and exposed to triple antibiotic paste (tripaste), proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), calcium hydroxide (CH) paste, and deionized water (control) for 1, 2, or 4 weeks. FTIR analyzes the relative loss of organic and inorganic components using phosphate/amide I ratios of all samples. Results: Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc comparisons. There was a significant difference in phosphate/amide I ratios for all the specimen statistically. Higher phosphate/amide I ratio was seen in sample treated with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) for 4 weeks as compared to 1 week (P = 0.24) and 2 weeks treated dentine (P = 0.34). The phosphate/amide I ratio of 1 week treated dentine was significantly higher than that of 2 weeks treated dentine. Sample treated with PPI for 4 weeks had lower phosphate/amide I ratio as compared to 1 week (P = 0.08) and 2 weeks treated dentine (P = 0.34), but there was no significant difference in 1 week and 2 weeks treated dentine. There was no significant effect of time for CH-treated dentine or in control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: All medicaments caused demineralization of radicular dentine depending on the duration of time. PPI caused maximum demineralization when treated for longer duration as compared to the use of TAP and CH.

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Patient Outcomes and Cost of Referral Patterns of Patients With Proton Pump Inhibitor Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Undergoing Esophageal pH and Impedance Testing

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.14309/00000434-201710001-00374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 112 ◽

pp. S201

Author(s):

David T. Dulaney ◽

Darrell F. Barker ◽

Amy N. Stratton ◽

Gregory R. Dion ◽

John Gancayco

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Referral Patterns ◽

Esophageal Ph ◽

Impedance Testing

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Symptomatic recurrence upon proton pump inhibitor discontinuation correlated with results of Bravo ® wireless esophageal pH monitoring in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.rgmxen.2017.07.019 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 275-276

Author(s):

Enrique Coss-Adame

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Esophageal Ph Monitoring ◽

Symptomatic Recurrence ◽

Esophageal Ph

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Use of Esophageal pH Monitoring to Minimize Proton-Pump Inhibitor Utilization in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms

Digestive Diseases and Sciences ◽

10.1007/s10620-018-5183-4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

pp. 2673-2680 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

George Triadafilopoulos ◽

Thomas Zikos ◽

Kirsten Regalia ◽

Irene Sonu ◽

Nielsen Q. Fernandez-Becker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Esophageal Ph Monitoring ◽

Reflux Symptoms ◽

Esophageal Ph

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The Millennials – Comparative Analysis of Factors Affecting Working Behavior of Generations Y and X in Malaysia

Indonesian Journal of Contemporary Management Research ◽

10.33455/ijcmr.v1i1.85 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Edmond Chow ◽

Zubair Hassan

Keyword(s):

Generation X ◽

Generation Y ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Future Studies ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Research Designs ◽

Mixed Approach ◽

Larger Sample

The purpose for this study is to examine factors influencing working behaviour of Generation Y in Malaysia. A mixed approach of casual and descriptive research designs were adopted in this study. An effective sample of 202 respondents from generation Y was recruited to participate in this research. To confirm the working behaviour of generation Y, 205 respondents from generation X was also recruited. Paired Sample t test shows that there is a positive and significant difference in terms of mindset and beliefs, values, motivation and technology uses among generation Y and X workers. The result of multiple regression analysis shows that values, motivation and technology have a positive and significant influence on generation Y’s working behaviour except the mindset and beliefs. For future studies, it is important to include larger sample for Kuala Lumpur demographic area or other states of Malaysia or even across whole of Malaysia.

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The comparison of an empiric proton pump inhibitor trial vs 24-hour double-probe Ph monitoring in laryngopharyngeal reflux

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/002221503321626438 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 117 (5) ◽

pp. 386-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Cem Bilgen ◽

Fatih Ögüt ◽

Hatice Kesimli-Dinç ◽

Tayfun Kirazli ◽

Serhat Bor

Keyword(s):

Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Double Probe ◽

Alternative Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical Findings

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), which is defined as the backflow of gastric contents into the upper aerodigestive tract, is a relatively common disorder. However, its diagnosis still poses many problems. Twenty-four-hour double-probe pH monitoring is currently the diagnostic test of choice, but it has many disadvantages. Thus, an empiric trial of antireflux therapy has been suggested as an alternative method for diagnosis. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the validity of this alternative method in the management of LPR. The study group consisted of 36 patients with symptoms and physical findings suggesting LPR. The control subjects were 23 healthy adults. Twenty-four-hour double-probe pH monitoring was performed both in the study group and the control group, and the results were compared. In addition, the symptoms and physical findings in the study group was scored by the modified reflux symptom index (MRSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) at four intervals: before the start of therapy and at the second, fourth and sixth months of the therapy. The results of the 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring showed no significant difference between the study and the control groups (p>0.05). In the study group, the MRSI before the therapy was 13.6±4.4. This index improved significantly to 4.3±1.9 at the second month; to 1.5±0.6 at the fourth month, and to 0.5±0.2 at the sixth month of the therapy (p<0.05). The RFS before the start of the therapy was 14.8±3.8; and it improved significantly to 7.7±3.8 at the second month; to 4.5±2.3 at the fourth month, and to 1.4±0.9 at the sixth month of the therapy (p<0.05). The significant improvement in the MRSI and the RFS during the course of proton pump inhibitor therapy relates the patients’ symptoms and physical findings to LPR. This implies the validity of the method, not only in the treatment of LPR, but in the diagnosis of this disorder, as well. Unfortunately, 24-hour double-probe pH monitoring has failed to differentiate LPR patients from healthy individuals.

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