scholarly journals Physiological and histopathological effects of electroporation pulse on stomach of rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchi Zhang ◽  
Xuan Han ◽  
Zhuoqun Li ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lihong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Tissue Ablation ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Gastric Tissue ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging tissue ablation technique with widespread potential, especially for cancer treatment. Although the safety and efficacy of IRE for gastric tissue ablation have been demonstrated, there is a gap of knowledge regarding the effect of electroporation pulse (EP) on the physiology and histopathology of the stomach. This study applied EP to the stomach of healthy rats and investigated the digestive function, serum marker levels, and gastric tissue structure of EP-treated rats. Methods Ninety male rats were divided into nine groups and examined up to 28 days post-treatment. A single burst of electroporation pulse (500 V, 99 pluses, 1 Hz, 100 µs) was delivered to the stomachs of rats using a tweezer-style round electrode. Gastric emptying, small intestinal transit, and gastric secretion were measured to evaluate the digestive function. Serum marker levels were determined using ELISA. Haematoxylin–eosin, Masson trichrome, and immunofluorescence were performed for histopathological analysis. Results No  significant effect on gastric emptying or secretion was found post-EP, whereas the small intestinal transit decreased at 4 h and rapidly recovered to normal on 1-day post-EP. Further, serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels temporarily changed during the acute phase but returned to baseline within 28 days. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed that cell death occurred immediately post-EP in the ablation area, whereas the gastric wall scaffold in the ablation region remained intact post-EP. Conclusions This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of EP on the physiology and histopathology of the stomach and lays a foundation for more comprehensive applications of this technique.

scholarly journals Physiological and Histopathological Effects of Electroporation Pulse on Stomach of Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchi Zhang ◽  
Xuan Han ◽  
Zhuoqun Li ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lihong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Gastric Wall ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Small Intestinal

Abstract BackgroundElectroporation pulse (EP) is an emerging tissue ablation technique with widespread potential, including in the treatment of multiple cancer types. However, there is a lack of knowledge about its effect on the physiology and histopathology of stomachs. The aim of this study was to investigate biological effects of EP applied to stomachs of healthy rats on digestive function, serum marker levels, and gastric tissue structure.MethodsNinety male rats were divided into nine groups and examined up to 28 days post-treatment. A single burst of electroporation pulses (500 V, 99 pluses, 1 Hz, 100 μs) was delivered to the stomachs of the rats using a forceps electrode. Gastric emptying, small intestinal transit, and gastric secretion were measured to evaluate digestive function. Levels of serum markers were determined using ELISA. Haematoxylin–eosin, Masson trichrome, and immunofluorescence were performed for histopathological analysis.ResultsNo significant effect on gastric emptying or secretion were found post-EP, whereas the small intestinal transit decreased at 4 h and rapidly recovered to normal on 1-day post-EP. Further, levels of serum markers such as TNF-α and IL-1β changed temporarily in the acute term but soon returned to normal within 28 days. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed that that the cell death in ablation area occurred immediately post-EP, and the gastric wall scaffold in the ablation region remained intact post-EP.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of EP on the physiology and histopathology of the stomach and lays a foundation for the wider use of this technique in future studies.

Blockade of GRP receptors inhibits gastric emptying and gallbladder contraction but accelerates small intestinal transit in humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Pius Hildebrand ◽  
Lukas P. Degen ◽  
Annette Collet ◽  
Livio Rossi ◽  
Fuping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Gallbladder Contraction ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Grp Receptors

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture via chronically implanted electrodes improves gastrointestinal motility by balancing sympathovagal activities in a rat model of constipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (6) ◽  
pp. G797-G805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjun Wang ◽  
Boli Yang ◽  
Jieyun Yin ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Jiande D. Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Small Intestinal

Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported for treating constipation in clinical studies. However, little is known of the possible mechanisms involved in the prokinetic effect of EA. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and underlying autonomic mechanisms of EA via chronically implanted electrodes for constipation in rat induced by Loperamide (Lop). Lop was given to regular rats to induce constipation. EA was performed via a pair of electrodes chronically implanted at bilateral acupoint ST-36. Feces characteristics, gastric emptying, small intestinal transit, distal colon transit time (dCTT), and whole gut transit time (WGTT) were measured in various sessions with EA or sham EA in rats with constipation induced by Lop. Heart rate variability (HRV) derived from the electrocardiogram was analyzed to evaluate autonomic functions. The number of fecal pellets was reduced by 27% with Lop ( P < 0.01) and normalized by 7-day EA. Similar results were also observed in pellet weight. In normal rats compared with sham EA, EA shortened dCTT by 74% ( P < 0.05 vs. sham EA), increased small intestinal transit by 28% ( P < 0.01) and gastric emptying by 27% ( P < 0.05), and accelerated whole gut transit by 14% ( P < 0.05). In Lop-treated rats, the dCTT and WGTT were prolonged by Lop and normalized by EA. Lop significantly decreased vagal activity and increased sympathetic nerve activity; however, EA reversed these effects. EA at ST-36 via chronically implanted electrodes improves Lop-induced constipation by enhancing GI motility via the autonomic mechanisms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The findings of the present study suggest that the proposed electroacupuncture (EA) may have great therapeutic potential for treating patients with opioid-induced constipation. It was demonstrated that EA at ST-36 improved transit of every organ along the gut mediated via the autonomic mechanisms in normal rats and rats with Lop-induced constipation. It is advised to administrate EA daily instead of two or three times weekly as reported in most of the clinical studies.

Altered transit and bacterial overgrowth in the cystic fibrosis mouse small intestine

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. G104-G111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. De Lisle
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Paneth Cell ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Intestinal Transit ◽  
Small Intestinal Transit ◽  
Cell Gene Expression ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Cell Gene

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) may play an important role in the gastrointestinal complications of cystic fibrosis (CF). This work explored two potential factors in development of SIBO in the CF ( cftrtm1UNC) mouse: impaired Paneth cell innate defenses and altered gastrointestinal motility. Postnatal differentiation of Paneth cells was followed by Defcr, Lyzs, and Ang4 gene expression, and SIBO was measured by quantitative PCR of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Paneth cell gene expression was low in 4-day-old CF and wild-type (WT) mice and increased similarly in both groups of mice between 12 and 16 days. Peak Paneth cell gene expression was reached by 40 days of age and was less for Defcr and Lyzs in CF mice compared with WT, whereas Ang4 levels were greater in CF mice. SIBO occurred by postnatal day 8 in CF mice, which is before Paneth cell development. With the use of gavaged rhodamine-dextran to follow motility, gastric emptying in CF mice was slightly decreased compared with WT, and small intestinal transit was dramatically less. Since antibiotics improve weight gain in CF mice, their effects on gastric emptying and small intestinal transit were determined. Antibiotics did not affect gastric emptying or transit in CF mice but did significantly slow intestinal transit in WT mice, suggesting a potential role of normal microflora in regulating transit. In conclusion, small intestinal transit was significantly slower in CF mice, and this is likely a major factor in SIBO in CF.

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