scholarly journals Epidemiology and associated factors of polypharmacy in older patients in primary care: a northern Italian cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Piccoliori ◽  
Angelika Mahlknecht ◽  
Marco Sandri ◽  
Martina Valentini ◽  
Anna Vögele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Rct ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho

Abstract Background A precondition for developing strategies to reduce polypharmacy and its well-known harmful consequences is to study its epidemiology and associated factors. The objective of this study was to analyse the prevalence of polypharmacy (defined as ≥8 prescribed drugs), of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and major drug-drug interactions (DDIs) among community-dwelling general practice patients aged ≥75 years and to identify characteristics being associated with polypharmacy. Methods This cross-sectional study is derived from baseline data (patients’ demographic/biometric characteristics, diagnoses, medication-related data, cognitive/affective status, quality of life) of a northern-Italian cluster-RCT. PIMs and DDIs were assessed using the 2012 Beers criteria and the Lexi-Interact® database. Data were analysed using descriptive methods, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, Fisher’s exact tests and Spearman correlations. Results Of the eligible patients aged 75+, 13.4% were on therapy with ≥8 drugs. Forty-three general practitioners and 579 patients participated in the study. Forty five point nine percent of patients were treated with ≥1 Beers-listed drugs. The most frequent PIMs were benzodiazepines/hypnotics (19.7% of patients) and NSAIDs (6.6%). Sixty seven point five percent of patients were exposed to ≥1 major DDI, 35.2% to ≥2 major DDIs. Antithrombotic/anticoagulant medications (30.4%) and antidepressants/antipsychotics (23.1%) were the most frequently interacting drugs. Polypharmacy was significantly associated with a higher number of major DDIs (Spearman’s rho 0.33, p < 0.001) and chronic conditions (Spearman’s rho 0.20, p < 0.001), higher 5-GDS scores (thus, lower affective status) (Spearman’s rho 0.12, p = 0.003) and lower EQ-5D-5L scores (thus, lower quality of life) (Spearman’s rho − 0.14, p = 0.001). Patients’ age/sex, 6-CIT scores (cognitive status), BMI or PIM use were not correlated with the number of drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of polypharmacy, PIMs and major DDIs was considerable. Results indicate that physicians should particularly observe their patients with multiple conditions, reduced health and affective status, independently from other patients’ characteristics. Careful attention about indication, benefit and potential risk should be paid especially to patients on therapy with specific drug classes identified as potentially inappropriate or prone to major DDIs in older persons (e.g., benzodiazepines, NSAIDs, protonic pump inhibitors, antithrombotics/anticoagulants, antidepressants/antipsychotics). Trial registration The cluster-RCT on which this cross-sectional analysis is based was registered with Current Controlled Trials Ltd. (ID ISRCTN: 38449870) on 2013-09-11.

scholarly journals The Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Indonesian Meningioma Clients after Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Amelia Ganefianty ◽  
Dewi Irawati ◽  
Debie Dahlia ◽  
I Made Kariasa ◽  
Agung Budi Sutiono
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The prevalence and associated factors of depression among patients with schizophrenia in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolesa Fanta ◽  
Desalegn Bekele ◽  
Getinet Ayano
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Depression is common among people with schizophrenia and associated with severe positive and negative symptoms, higher rates of disability, treatment resistance and mortality related to suicide, physical and drug-related causes. However, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted to report the magnitude of depression among people with schizophrenia in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of depression among people with schizophrenia. Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 418 patients with schizophrenia selected by systematic sampling technique. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to measure depression among the study participants. To identify the potential contributing factors, we performed binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting the model for the potential confounding factors. Odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI)) was determined to evaluate the strength of association. Result The prevalence estimate of depression among people with schizophrenia was found to be 18.0% [95% confidence interval: 14.50–22.30]. Our multivariable analysis revealed that current substance use (AOR 2.28, 95%CI (1.27, 4.09), suicide attempt (AOR 5.24, 95%CI (2.56, 10.72), duration of illness between 6 and 10 years (AOR 2.09, 95%CI (1.08, 4.04) and poor quality of life (AOR 3.13, 95%CI (1.79, 5.76) were found to be the factors associated with depression among people with schizophrenia. Conclusion The current study revealed that comorbid depression was high among people with schizophrenia and associated with current substance use, suicide attempt, and long duration of the illness as well as poor quality of life. Attention needs to be given to address comorbid depression among people with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamrat Alem ◽  
Dabere Nigatu ◽  
Amsalu Birara ◽  
Tamene Fetene ◽  
Mastewal Giza
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundAlthough breast cancer has a markedly higher incidence in developed countries, 50% of the new diagnosis and 70% of deaths occur in developing countries. There are limited data available on the quality of life among breast cancer patients in Ethiopia, notably in the Amhara region. This study aimed to assess the quality of life and associated factors among patients with breast cancer in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 25 to July 7/2019 among 256 patients with breast cancer in the Amhara region. A systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were collected by using a standardized interviewer-administered Amharic version of the European Organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire core 30(EORTC QLQ C30) and breast cancer supplementary measure (QLQ-BR23). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 23. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the strength of association.ResultsSixty-eight point four percent (68.4%) of breast cancer patient's QoL was poor. The mean score of quality of life was 70.6(standard deviation (SD) ±13.9; 95% CI: 69.0-72.4). All functional component scores were less than 75, from the symptom scale; diarrhea (11.6), constipation (17.5), and dyspnea (24.7) were less noticeable. Unmarried patients (AOR=2.59, 95% CI: 1.32-5.07), poor (AOR=2.39, 95%CI: 1.32-5.03), non housewife (AOR=3.25, 95% CI: 1.16-7.22), and complaints to dyspnea (AOR=3.48, 95% CI: 1.79-6.79), and insomnia (AOR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.05-3.91) were significantly associated with quality of life.ConclusionsHealth care professionals should give attention to unmarried, and non-housewife breast cancer patients, besides the treatment to improve the health of breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated factors of elder abuse in a community-dwelling population of Aotearoa New Zealand: A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Yeung ◽  
Lareen Cooper ◽  
Michael Dale
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of elder abuse in a representative sample of older people in Aotearoa New Zealand. Analysis was conducted on responses from the second wave of the New Zealand Longitu- dinal Study of Ageing (NZLSA) omnibus survey of 3,923 adults aged 50-87 years. Using the elder mistreatment screening questions, the sample was split between those who identified of having experienced elder abuse (n = 529) and those who did not (n = 2417) from a large population-based study to compare on 19 variables (i.e. age, gender, marital status, living arrangement, education levels, ethnicity, personal income, total number of health conditions, physical health, mental health, ability to get around, economic wellbeing, loneliness, social and emotional loneliness, depression, happiness, satisfaction with life and quality of life). Significant differences were found on 16 of the variables assessed. Results suggested that those who have experienced elder abuse had a higher level of loneliness and poor economic wellbeing. They were more likely to experience depression, have poorer mental health and be less happy. The experience of abuse had significant impact on their satisfaction with life and overall quality of life. A better understanding of these risk factors associated with elder abuse in aging population will assist with both prevention and intervention. 

scholarly journals Associations between lifestyle factors and multidimensional frailty: a cross-sectional study among community-dwelling older people

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel A. L. M. van Assen ◽  
Judith H. M. Helmink ◽  
Robbert J. J. Gobbens
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older People

Abstract Background Multidimensional frailty, including physical, psychological, and social components, is associated to disability, lower quality of life, increased healthcare utilization, and mortality. In order to prevent or delay frailty, more knowledge of its determinants is necessary; one of these determinants is lifestyle. The aim of this study is to determine the association between lifestyle factors smoking, alcohol use, nutrition, physical activity, and multidimensional frailty. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in two samples comprising in total 45,336 Dutch community-dwelling individuals aged 65 years or older. These samples completed a questionnaire including questions about smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, sociodemographic factors (both samples), and nutrition (one sample). Multidimensional frailty was assessed with the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI). Results Higher alcohol consumption, physical activity, healthy nutrition, and less smoking were associated with less total, physical, psychological and social frailty after controlling for effects of other lifestyle factors and sociodemographic characteristics of the participants (age, gender, marital status, education, income). Effects of physical activity on total and physical frailty were up to considerable, whereas the effects of other lifestyle factors on frailty were small. Conclusions The four lifestyle factors were not only associated with physical frailty but also with psychological and social frailty. The different associations of frailty domains with lifestyle factors emphasize the importance of assessing frailty broadly and thus to pay attention to the multidimensional nature of this concept. The findings offer healthcare professionals starting points for interventions with the purpose to prevent or delay the onset of frailty, so community-dwelling older people have the possibility to aging in place accompanied by a good quality of life.

Frailty and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roosevelt Silva BASTOS ◽  
Leticia Marques SÁ ◽  
Sofia Rafaela Maito VELASCO ◽  
Debora Foger TEIXEIRA ◽  
Larissa Sanches PAINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults
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