scholarly journals Trends and epidemiological analysis of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and human T-cell lymphotropic virus among Iranian blood donors: strategies for improving blood safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Omidkhoda ◽  
Bahman Razi ◽  
Ali Arabkhazaeli ◽  
Sedigheh Amini Kafi-Abad
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Blood Donations ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Blood transfusion is associated with potential risks of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). Different strategies are needed to monitor blood safety and screen the donors’ efficacy, such as evaluation of the prevalence and trends of TTIs. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and trends of TTIs, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV 1/2), and the impact of the donors’ characteristics such as age, sex, and donor status on the prevalence of TTIs in blood donors in seven large provinces of Iran from 2010 to 2018. Methods This study was conducted on the data collected from all blood donations in seven Iranian Blood Transfusion Centers including Ardabil, Alborz, Guilan, West Azarbaijan, North, Razavi, and South Khorasan from April 2010 to March 2018. Demographic characteristics, number of donations, donor status, and screening and confirmatory serological results of all blood donations were collected from Iranian Blood Transfusion Organizations (IBTO) national database. The prevalence and trend of HBV, HCV, HIV, and HTLV 1/2 infections were reported according to the donation year and donor’s characteristics. Results The analysis of the prevalence and trend of TTIs in 3,622,860 blood donors showed a significant decreasing trend in first-time and regular donors. Additionally, compared to first- time donors, regular donors made safer blood donations with lower risks of HBV, HIV, HCV and HTLV 1/2 (P < 0.0001). Although the prevalence of HTLV 1/2 and HBV was higher in females, TTIs had a significant decreasing trend in males and females. Finally, it was found that the prevalence of HBV and HTLV 1/2 increased with age up to 40–49 years and then decreased thereafter. Conclusions The decreasing trends of TTIs in Iranian donors during 9 years may indicate that the various strategies implemented by IBTO have been effective in recent years. Other factors such as a decrease in the prevalence of specific TTIs in the general population might have also contributed to these declines.

scholarly journals Introduction of NAT-testing for infections for screening blood donors in Republic of Kazakhstan

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
T N Savchuk ◽  
Z K Burkitbaev ◽  
S A Abdrakhmanova ◽  
S V Skorikova ◽  
N S Kuz’min
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of NAT-screening (nucleic acid amplification technologies) for infections in blood donors in Kazakhstan. Methods. Statistical data of blood donors screening examinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012-2014 were evaluated. Results. In 2014, the number of examined donors increased by 3.4% compared with 2012. The number of deferrals due to positive screening results for serological markers decreased by 10.9%, while the share of such donors decreased by 13.8% [p <0.01; odds ratio (OR) - 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) - 0.83-0.88); χ2=136.76]. In 2014, 100% of donations were screened using NAT-testing (312,510 donors). Most of the NAT-screening in Kazakhstan is performed using closed automated systems. In 2012, 1 Blood Center conducted a polymerase chain reaction screening by open circuit polymerase chain reaction systems, in 5 blood centers polymerase chain reaction was performed with manual sample preparation. In 2014, the number of deferrals due to positive NAT-testing results has increased by 44.3%, the share of such donors - by 38.7% (p <0.01; OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.15-1.67); χ2=11.82). Seronegative NAT-positive samples were discovered according to the results of discriminant test, including human immunodeficiency virus - 2 (0.8%) samples, hepatitis B virus -182 (73.4%), hepatitis C virus - 60 (24.2%), negative result - 4 (1.6%). Conclusion. The introduction of screening NAT-testing of donated blood prevented transfusion of blood infected with: human immunodeficiency virus - 1 in 150,000 donations, hepatitis B virus - 1 in 1.650 donations, hepatitis C virus - 1 in 5,000 donations.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of Human Immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and Syphilis infections among nonprofessional blood donors in Chittagong, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Zobaidul Alam ◽  
Md Amayan Hossain ◽  
Mahmud A Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Virus Hepatitis ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Syphilis infection are the major public health problem, alarming the most developing countries like Bangladesh. These studies determined the prevalence rate and risk factors of HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis among nonprofessional blood donors in multiple blood transfusion center of Chittagong. Information was collected by questionnaire to find out the relationship of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infection with age, sex, socioeconomic status, residence and religious believes. The sero-prevalence of HIV, HBsAg (HBV), anti-HCV (HCV), VDRL (Syphilis) among the non-professional blood donors were 00.00%, 4.88%, 0.92%, and 0.70% respectively. So, the highest prevalence rate was HBsAg and the lowest was HIV. We didn’t find more than one positive case in the same blood sample. The prevalence of HBsAg among the study population, students (120/6) were 5.00%, service holders (73/3) were 4.11%, businessmen (40/4) were 10%, housewives (14/0) were 00.00%, others (farmers, immigrant workers) (40/1) were 2.50%. The highest prevalence of HBsAg was due to illiteracy and unsafe sexual behaviors.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 518-525

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document