scholarly journals Estimating case fatality risk of severe Yellow Fever cases: systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Servadio ◽  
Claudia Muñoz-Zanzi ◽  
Matteo Convertino
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
South America ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Case Fatality Risk

Abstract Background Case fatality risk (CFR), commonly referred to as a case fatality ratio or rate, represents the probability of a disease case being fatal. It is often estimated for various diseases through analysis of surveillance data, case reports, or record examinations. Reported CFR values for Yellow Fever vary, offering wide ranges. Estimates have not been found through systematic literature review, which has been used to estimate CFR of other diseases. This study aims to estimate the case fatality risk of severe Yellow Fever cases through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Methods A search strategy was implemented in PubMed and Ovid Medline in June 2019 and updated in March 2021, seeking reported severe case counts, defined by fever and either jaundice or hemorrhaging, and the number of those that were fatal. The searches yielded 1,133 studies, and title/abstract review followed by full text review produced 14 articles reporting 32 proportions of fatal cases, 26 of which were suitable for meta-analysis. Four studies with one proportion each were added to include clinical case data from the recent outbreak in Brazil. Data were analyzed through an intercept-only logistic meta-regression with random effects for study. Values of the I2 statistic measured heterogeneity across studies. Results The estimated CFR was 39 % (95 % CI: 31 %, 47 %). Stratifying by continent showed that South America observed a higher CFR than Africa, though fewer studies reported estimates for South America. No difference was seen between studies reporting surveillance data and studies investigating outbreaks, and no difference was seen among different symptom definitions. High heterogeneity was observed across studies. Conclusions Approximately 39 % of severe Yellow Fever cases are estimated to be fatal. This study provides the first systematic literature review to estimate the CFR of Yellow Fever, which can provide insight into outbreak preparedness and estimating underreporting.

scholarly journals Estimating the Case Fatality Risk of COVID-19 using Cases from Outside China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Wilson ◽  
Amanda Kvalsvig ◽  
Lucy Telfar Barnard ◽  
Michael G Baker
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Large Uncertainty ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Case Fatality Risk ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

AbstractThere is large uncertainty around the case fatality risk (CFR) for COVID-19 in China. Therefore, we considered symptomatic cases outside of China (countries/settings with 20+ cases) and the proportion who are in intensive care units (4.0%, 14/349 on 13 February 2020). Given what is known about CFRs for ICU patients with severe respiratory conditions from a meta-analysis, we estimated a CFR of 1.37% (95%CI: 0.57% to 3.22%) for COVID- 19 cases outside of China.

scholarly journals Clinical Determinants of the Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Wu ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Shengjin Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Case Fatality Risk ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging pathogen, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic. We aim to summarize current evidence regarding the risk of death and the severity of COVID-19 as well as risk factors for severe COVID-19.Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases as well as some Chinese databases were searched for clinical and epidemiological studies on COVID-19. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine COVID-19-related death and risk factors for the severity of COVID-19.Results: A total of 55 studies fulfilled the criteria for this review. The case fatality risk ranged from 0 to 61.5%, with a pooled estimate of 3.3%. The risks of ICU admission, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)and severe COVID-19 were 24.9%, 20.9% and 26.6%, respectively. Factors related to the risk of severe COVID-19 were older age (MD=10.09, 95% CI:7.03, 13.16), male sex (OR=1.62, 95% CI:1.32, 1.99), hypertension (OR=2.34, 95% CI:1.47, 3.73), diabetes (OR=2.25, 95% CI:1.68, 3.03), chronic renal disease (OR=3.60, 95% CI:1.53, 8.46), heart disease (OR=2.76, 95% CI:1.78, 4.30), respiratory disease (OR=3.74, 95% CI:2.15, 6.49), cerebrovascular disease (OR=2.21, 95% CI:1.23, 3.98), higher D-dimer levels (SMD=0.62, 95% CI:0.28, 0.96), and higher IL-6 levels (SMD=2.21, 95% CI:0.11, 4.31). However, liver disease (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.10) was found to be a nonsignificant predictor of the severity of COVID-19.Conclusions: The case fatality risk of COVID-19 and the risk of severe manifestations were not very high, and variances in the study designs and regions led to high heterogeneity among the studies. Male sex, older age, comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and cerebrovascular disease could increase the risk of developing a severe case of COVID-19. Laboratory parameters, such as D-dimer and IL-6 levels, could affect the prognosis of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis and adjusted estimation of COVID-19 case fatality risk in India and its association with the underlying comorbidities

One Health ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100283
Author(s):  
Balbir B. Singh ◽  
Michael P. Ward ◽  
Mark Lowerison ◽  
Ryan T. Lewinson ◽  
Isabelle A. Vallerand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Case Fatality Risk

scholarly journals Meta-analysis and adjusted estimation of COVID-19 case fatality risk in India and its association with the underlying comorbidities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balbir B. Singh ◽  
Michael P Ward ◽  
Mark Lowerison ◽  
Ryan T. Lewinson ◽  
Isabelle A. Vallerand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Case Fatality Risk

AbstractThere is a lack of COVID-19 adjusted case fatality risk (aCFR) estimates and information on states with high aCFR. State-specific aCFRs were estimated, using 13-day lag for fatality. To estimate country-level aCFR, state estimates were meta-analysed. Multiple correspondence analyses (MCA), followed by univariable logistic regression, were conducted to understand the association between aCFR and geodemographic, health and social indicators. Based on health indicators, states likely to report a higher aCFR were identified. Using random- and fixed-effects models, the aCFRs in India were 1.42 (95% CI 1.19 – 1.70) and 2.97 (95% CI 2.94 – 3.00), respectively. The aCFR was grouped with the incidence of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and acute respiratory infections in the first and second dimensions of MCA. The current study demonstrated the value of using meta-analysis to estimate aCFR. To decrease COVID-19 associated fatalities, states estimated to have a high aCFR must take steps to reduce co-morbidities.Article Summary LineMeta-analysis and the COVID-19 adjusted case fatality risks (aCFRs) in India are reported and states likely to report a higher aCFR have been identified.

Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-analysis (NMA) of SGLT2i as Monotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1159-P
Author(s):  
GLENN M. DAVIES ◽  
ANN MARIE MCNEILL ◽  
ELIZA KRUGER ◽  
STACEY L. KOWAL ◽  
FLAVIA EJZYKOWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Meta Analysis
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