scholarly journals Health care providers’ awareness on medical management of children with autism spectrum disorder: cross-sectional study in Russia

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. O. Mukhamedshina ◽  
R. A. Fayzullina ◽  
I. A. Nigmatullina ◽  
C. S. Rutland ◽  
V. V. Vasina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Children With Asd

Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental range of conditions that involves difficulties with social interaction and restricted/repetitive behaviors. Unfortunately, health care providers often experience difficulties in diagnosis and management of individuals with ASD, and may have no knowledge about possible ways to overcome barriers in ASD patient interactions in healthcare settings. At the same time, the provision of appropriate medical services can have positive effects on habilitative progress, functional outcome, life expectancy and quality of life for individuals with ASD. Methods This online survey research study evaluated the awareness and experience of students/residents (n = 247) and physicians (n = 100) in the medical management of children with ASD. It also gathered the views and experiences of caregivers to children with ASD (n = 158), all based in Russia. Results We have established that the Russian medical community has limited ASD knowledge among providers, and have suggested possible reasons for this. Based on results from online surveys completed by students/residents, non-psychiatric physicians, and caregivers of children diagnosed with ASD, the main problems pertaining to medical management of individuals with ASD were identified. Possible problem solving solutions within medical practice were proposed. Conclusions The results from this study should be considered when implementing measures to improve healthcare practices, and when developing models for effective medical management, due to start not only in Russia but also in a number of other countries.

scholarly journals Health Care Providers’ Awareness on Medical Management of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Cross-Sectional Study in Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Mukhamedshina ◽  
Rezeda Fayzullina ◽  
Irina Nigmatullina ◽  
Catrin Rutland ◽  
Veronika Vasina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Positive Effects

Abstract Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental range of conditions that involves difficulties with social interaction and restricted/repetitive behaviors. Unfortunately, health care providers often experience difficulties in diagnosis and management of individuals with ASD and may have no knowledge about possible ways to overcome barriers in ASD patient interactions in healthcare settings. At the same time, the provision of appropriate medical services can have positive effects on habilitative progress, functional outcome, life expectancy and quality of life for individuals with ASD.Methods: This online survey designed research study evaluated the awareness and experience of students/residents (n=247) and physicians (n=100) in medical management of children with ASD, as well as the views and experiences of caregivers of children on the autism spectrum (n=158), all based in Russia.Results: We have established that the Russian medical community has limited ASD knowledge among providers, and have suggested possible reasons for this. Based on the online survey of students/residents, non-psychiatric physicians and caregivers of children diagnosed with ASD, the main problems pertaining to medical management of individuals with ASD were identified, and possible problem solving solutions within medical practice were proposed.Conclusions: Results of this study should be considered both when implementing measures to improve healthcare practices, and in developing models of effective medical management due to start in not only in Russia but also in a number of other countries.

Autism comes to the hospital: The experiences of patients with autism spectrum disorder, their parents and health-care providers at two Canadian paediatric hospitals

Autism ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Muskat ◽  
Priscilla Burnham Riosa ◽  
David B Nicholas ◽  
Wendy Roberts ◽  
Kevin P Stoddart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Care Providers

scholarly journals Parent-mediated Behavioral Intervention for Treatment Behavioral Excesses in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-437
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Shiri ◽  
◽  
Hamidreza Pouratemad ◽  
Jalil Fathabadi ◽  
Mohammad Narimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Children With Asd

Background and Aim: One of the problems of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is behavioral excesses resistance to many educational and rehabilitation programs. Parent-mediated behavioral interventions seem to be effective in overcoming these problems. However, these methods are not well-introduced. The purpose of this study is to systematically review these studies and their primary and secondary outcomes, and finally analyze the components. Methods & Materials: This study was a systematic review. The search included SID, Magiran, Medline, PubMed, Springer, Science Direct, Online Library, and PsycINFO. We reviewed The articles published between 2000 and 2017 about parent-mediated behavioral interventions on behavioral excesses in autistic children. Ethical Considerations: This study with ethical code IR.SBU.ICBS.97/1013 was approved by the Biological Research Department of Shahid Beheshti University. Results: The findings of 9 studies indicated positive effects of parent-mediated behavioral intervention on behavioral excesses, including repetitive behaviors, irritability (including tantrums, aggression, and self-injurious behaviors), echolalia, and destructive behaviors (preliminary results). Also, these interventions improved the adaptive behaviors in autistic children, and parental functions such as self-efficacy, parental style, psychological problems (secondary results). Components of the therapeutic program included the type of consequence-based interventions (such as response interruption and redirection), antecedent-based interventions A (visual cue and daily schedules), antecedent-based interventions B (such as enriching environment with play). Three articles had medium certainty of the evidence, and 6 had high certainty of evidence. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the positive effect of parent-mediated behavioral intervention on behavioral excesses in children with ASD. Future studies should emphasize the comprehensiveness of all the effective components in the parent-mediated behavioral intervention and the feasibility of the intervention in various contexts. It is suggested that parent-mediated interventions be implemented on behavioral excesses in children with ASD in Iran.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Etiology among Parents of Children with ASD

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6774
Author(s):  
Wei-Ju Chen ◽  
Zihan Zhang ◽  
Haocen Wang ◽  
Tung-Sung Tseng ◽  
Ping Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Religious Factors

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and restricted or repetitive behaviors. Parental perceptions of the etiology of their child’s ASD can affect provider–client relationships, bonding between parents and their children, and the prognosis, treatment, and management of children with ASD. Thus, this study sought to examine the perceptions of ASD etiology of parents of children with ASD. Methods: Forty-two parents of children diagnosed with ASD were recruited across Texas. Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually. All interviews were recorded and later transcribed verbatim for content analysis utilizing NVivo 12.0 (QSR International, Doncaster, Australia). Results: The content analysis identified the following themes regarding parental perceptions of ASD etiology: Genetic factors (40.5%), environmental factors (31.0%), problems that occurred during pregnancy or delivery (23.8%), vaccinations (16.7%), other health problems (7.1%), parental age at the time of pregnancy (4.8%), and spiritual or religious factors (2.4%). Conclusions: The parental perceptions of ASD etiology were diverse, but several views, such as vaccinations and spiritual or religious factors, were not based on scientific evidence. Health professionals and researchers can use these findings to develop and provide targeted education to parents who have children with ASD. Our findings also support policymakers in developing campaigns designed to increase parental ASD awareness and knowledge.

scholarly journals Incorporating a Peer-Mediated Approach Into Speech-Generating Device Intervention: Effects on Communication of Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 2045-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Thiemann-Bourque ◽  
Sarah Feldmiller ◽  
Lesa Hoffman ◽  
Stacy Johner
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Control Trial Design ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Speech Generating Device ◽  
Business As Usual

PurposeThis study examined the effects of incorporating a peer-mediated approach into a speech-generating device (SGD) intervention on communication of 45 nonverbal and minimally verbal preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 95 peers without disabilities. The SGD was an iPad 2 (Apple) with voice output app.MethodEffects were evaluated using a multivariate randomized control trial design with repeated measures for 4 cohorts across baseline, intervention, generalization, and maintenance phases. Children were randomly assigned to an experimental treatment that trained peers on use of the SGD or a business-as-usual comparison condition with untrained peers. Communication outcomes were measured for both children with ASD and peers.ResultsChildren receiving the treatment demonstrated significant increases in rates of communication and more balanced responses and initiations (a measure of reciprocity) than children in the comparison group. They were able to generalize improvements and maintain communication gains. Treatment fidelity was high for school staff and peer implementation.ConclusionsResults support positive effects on communication of teaching young children with ASD and peers without disabilities to use the same SGD system in typical preschool activities. SGD interventions that utilize peer-mediated approaches may improve core deficits in communication and reciprocity and allow for greater classroom social participation and interactions with peers.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Unhealthy Weight Gain and Obesity among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushmol K. Dhaliwal ◽  
Camila E. Orsso ◽  
Caroline Richard ◽  
Andrea M. Haqq ◽  
Lonnie Zwaigenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Unhealthy Weight

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by social and communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Children with ASD are also at a higher risk for developing overweight or obesity than children with typical development (TD). Childhood obesity has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including insulin resistance, diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers. Importantly some key factors that play a mediating role in these higher rates of obesity include lifestyle factors and biological influences, as well as secondary comorbidities and medications. This review summarizes current knowledge about behavioral and lifestyle factors that could contribute to unhealthy weight gain in children with ASD, as well as the current state of knowledge of emerging risk factors such as the possible influence of sleep problems, the gut microbiome, endocrine influences and maternal metabolic disorders. We also discuss some of the clinical implications of these risk factors and areas for future research.

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