scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Survival analysis of Rural Clinical School of Western Australia graduates: the long-term work of building a long-term rural medical workforce

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Gupta ◽  
Hanh Ngo ◽  
Tessa Burkitt ◽  
Ian Puddey ◽  
Denese Playford
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Medical Workforce

scholarly journals Survival analysis of Rural Clinical School of Western Australia graduates: the long-term work of building a long-term rural medical workforce

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surabhi Gupta ◽  
Hanh Ngo ◽  
Tessa Burkitt ◽  
Ian Puddey ◽  
Denese Playford
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
School Intervention ◽  
Rural Practice ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Medical Workforce ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rural Work

Abstract Background Deficits in the rural medical workforce is an international issue. In Australia, The Rural Clinical School intervention is effective for initial recruitment of rural doctors. However, the extent of survival is not yet established. This paper summarises rural survival over a 10-year period. Methods Rural Clinical School graduates of Western Australia were surveyed annually, 2006–2015, and post Graduate Years (PGY) 3–12 included. Survival was described as “tours of service”, where a tour was either a period of ≥1 year, or a period of ≥2 weeks, working rurally. A tour ended with a rural work gap of ≥52 weeks. Considering each exit from urban as an event, semi-parametric repeated measures survival models were fitted. Results Of 468 graduates, using the ≥2 weeks definition, 239 PGY3–12 graduates spent at least one tour rurally (average 61.1, CI 52.5–69.7 weeks), and a total length of 14,607 weeks. Based on the tour definition of ≥1 year, 120 graduates completed at least one tour (average 1.89, 1.69–2.10 years), and a total of 227 years’ rural work. For both definitions, the number of tours increased from one to four by PGY10/11, giving 17,786 total weeks (342 years) across all PGYs for the ≥2 weeks tour definition, and 256 years total for ≥1 year. Significantly more graduates exited from urban work for the 2007–09 middle cohort compared with 2010–11 (HR 1.876, p = 0.022), but no significant difference between 2002 and 06 and 2010–11. Rural origin, age and gender were not statistically significant. Conclusions PGY3–12 RCS graduates contributed substantially to the rural workforce: 51% did so by short rotations, while 26% contributed whole years of service. There was an apparent peak in entry and survival for the middle cohort and decline thereafter, likely attributable to lack of advanced/specialist vocational training. These data indicate a real commitment to rural practice by RCS graduates, and the need for rural vocational training as a key element of a successful rural survival strategy.

Long-Term Survival Analysis of Pure Laparoscopic Versus Open Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Cirrhosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan To Cheung ◽  
Ronnie T. P. Poon ◽  
Wai Key Yuen ◽  
Kenneth S. H. Chok ◽  
Caroline R. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Open Hepatectomy

Thiopurines Treatment in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Survival Analysis of the Long Term Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Sedillot-Daniel ◽  
Audrey Désilets ◽  
Alexandra Verreault ◽  
France Gervais ◽  
Colette Deslandres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Term Efficacy ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Application of the Monte Carlo Method for the Assessment of Long-term Success in Keratoprosthesis Surgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Hitzl ◽  
G. Grabner
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method

The comparison of different methods of keratoprosthesis (KP) regarding their long-term success, as far as visual acuity is concerned, is difficult: this is the case both as a standardized reporting method agreed upon by all research groups has not been reported and far less accepted, and as the quality of life for the patient not only depends on the level of visual acuity, but also quite significantly on the “survival time” of the implant. Therefore, an analysis of a single series of patients with Osteo–Odonto–Keratoprosthesis (OOKP) was performed. Statistical analysis methods used by others in similar groups of surgical procedures have included descriptive statistics, survival analysis and ANOVA. These methods comprised comparisons of empirical densities or distribution functions and empirical survival curves. It is the objective of this paper to provide an inductive statistical method to avoid the problems with descriptive techniques and survival analysis. This statistical model meets four important standards: (1) the efficiency of a surgical technique can be assessed within an arbitrary time interval by a new index (VAT-index), (2) possible autocorrelations of the data are taken into consideration and (3) the efficiency is not only stated by a point estimator, but also 95% point-wise confidence limits are computed based on the Monte Carlo method, and finally, (4) the efficiency of a specific method is illustrated by line and range plots for quick illustration and can also be used for the comparison of different other surgical techniques such as refractive techniques, glaucoma and retinal surgery.

scholarly journals Long-Term Progestin-Only Contraceptives Result in Reduced Endometrial Blood Flow and Oxidative Stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3633-3638 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hickey ◽  
G. Krikun ◽  
P. Kodaman ◽  
Frederick Schatz ◽  
C. Carati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Discontinue Therapy ◽  
Endometrial Blood Flow

Abstract Context: Because of their safety and efficacy, long-term progestin-only contraceptives (LTPOCs) are well-suited for women with restricted access to health care. However, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) causes half of all users to discontinue therapy within 12 months. Endometria of LTPOC-treated patients display aberrant angiogenesis with abnormally enlarged, thin-walled, fragile blood vessels, inflammation, and focal hemorrhage. In this study, similar effects were observed with a new third-generation implantable LTPOC. Objective: We hypothesized that LTPOC reduces uterine and endometrial blood flow, leading to hypoxia/reperfusion, which triggers the generation of reactive oxygen species. The latter induce aberrant angiogenesis, causing AUB. Design: Endometrial perfusion was measured by laser-Doppler fluxmetry in women requesting LTPOCs. Endometrial biopsies were obtained for in vivo and in vitro experiments. Setting: The study was conducted in the Yale University School of Medicine and Family-Planning Center in Western Australia. Patients: Seven women 18 yr or older requesting implantable LTPOCs were recruited in Western Australia. Intervention: Women received etonorgestrel implants. Main Outcome: LTPOC treatment resulted in reduced endometrial perfusion and increased endometrial oxidative damage. Conclusions: We propose that LTPOCs result in hypoxia reperfusion, which leads to aberrant angiogenesis resulting in AUB.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document