Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry (AChE) - A helpful technique in the diagnosis and in aiding the operative procedures of Hirschsprung disease

Diagnosis or exclusion of Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a frequent exercise in any pediatric hospital. Although HSCR may present at different ages and with varied clinical findings, the most common presentation is a neonate with severe constipation or signs of intestinal obstruction. A variety of diagnostic tests including contrast enema and anorectal manometry may be used as diagnostic screens, but diagnosis ultimately rests upon histopathological evaluation of a rectal biopsy. For the experienced pathologist, conventional hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained sections often suffice to exclude HSCR or establish the diagnosis. However, ancillary diagnostic tests such as acetylcholinesterase histochemistry or calretinin immunohistochemistry are complementary and extremely helpful in some cases. In this Perspectives article, we review the clinical and pathological features of HSCR, highlight those that are found in most patients, and discuss how to address particularly challenging aspects of the diagnostic workup.

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Calretinin immunohistochemistry versus improvised rapid Acetylcholinesterase histochemistry in the evaluation of colorectal biopsies for Hirschsprung disease

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology ◽

10.4103/0377-4929.138717 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 369 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Usha Kini ◽

Lokendra Yadav ◽

Kanishka Das ◽

Suravi Mohanty ◽

Divya Puttegowda

Keyword(s):

Hirschsprung Disease ◽

Colorectal Biopsies ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Histochemistry

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A Numerically Coded File of Operative Procedures Derived from a Free Text Data Collection System : A Measure of the Accuracy

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1635717 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 15 (01) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carmen A. Scudiero ◽

Ruth L. Wong

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Operative Procedures ◽

Free Text ◽

Collection System ◽

Process Data ◽

Text Data ◽

Data Collection System ◽

History Of ◽

Correlation System

A free text data collection system has been developed at the University of Illinois utilizing single word, syntax free dictionary lookup to process data for retrieval. The source document for the system is the Surgical Pathology Request and Report form. To date 12,653 documents have been entered into the system.The free text data was used to create an IRS (Information Retrieval System) database. A program to interrogate this database has been developed to numerically coded operative procedures. A total of 16,519 procedures records were generated. One and nine tenths percent of the procedures could not be fitted into any procedures category; 6.1% could not be specifically coded, while 92% were coded into specific categories. A system of PL/1 programs has been developed to facilitate manual editing of these records, which can be performed in a reasonable length of time (1 week). This manual check reveals that these 92% were coded with precision = 0.931 and recall = 0.924. Correction of the readily correctable errors could improve these figures to precision = 0.977 and recall = 0.987. Syntax errors were relatively unimportant in the overall coding process, but did introduce significant error in some categories, such as when right-left-bilateral distinction was attempted.The coded file that has been constructed will be used as an input file to a gynecological disease/PAP smear correlation system. The outputs of this system will include retrospective information on the natural history of selected diseases and a patient log providing information to the clinician on patient follow-up.Thus a free text data collection system can be utilized to produce numerically coded files of reasonable accuracy. Further, these files can be used as a source of useful information both for the clinician and for the medical researcher.

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The Effect of Partial Splenectomy on Platelet Production in Mice

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1653427 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 46 (03) ◽

pp. 602-603 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H Bessler ◽

I Notti ◽

M Djaldetti

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Blood Platelets ◽

Operative Procedures ◽

Partial Splenectomy ◽

Splenic Lymphocytes ◽

Platelet Production ◽

Platelet Number ◽

Spleen Lymphocytes

SummaryThe effect of total and partial splenectomy on the number and production of circulating platelets was studied in mice. Five days after total and partial splenectomy the number of the peripheral blood platelets increased by 87% and 60%, respectively and the incorporation of 75selenium methionine (75Se-Met) into platelets was enhanced indicating that the thrombocytosis was due to increased platelet production. The results obtained by the two operative procedures were compared.Since previous work from our laboratory has shown that a factor produced by splenic lymphocytes affects the platelet number in mice, it is suggested that the differences in the number of circulating platelets observed in animals after total and partial splenectomy may reflect a difference in the number of spleen lymphocytes removed.

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Hirschsprung Disease

10.32388/01nfyo ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Hirschsprung Disease

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An Obscure Colon Dilatation and its Underlying Cause: Case Report and Literature Review

10.31487/j.gscr.2020.01.03 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Anton Stift ◽

Kerstin Wimmer ◽

Felix Harpain ◽

Katharina Wöran ◽

Thomas Mang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Sigmoid Colon ◽

Immunohistochemical Staining ◽

Late Onset ◽

Hirschsprung Disease ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Idiopathic Megacolon ◽

History Of ◽

Cells Of Cajal

Introduction: Congenital as well as acquired diseases may be responsible for the development of a megacolon. In adult patients, Clostridium difficile associated infection as well as late-onset of Morbus Hirschsprung disease are known to cause a megacolon. In addition, malignant as well as benign colorectal strictures may lead to intestinal dilatation. In case of an idiopathic megacolon, the underlying cause remains unclear. Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 44-year-old male patient suffering from a long history of chronic constipation. He presented himself with an obscurely dilated large intestine with bowel loops up to 17 centimeters in diameter. Radiological as well as endoscopic examination gave evidence of a spastic process in the sigmoid colon. The patient was treated with a subtotal colectomy and the intraoperative findings revealed a stenotic stricture in the sigmoid colon. Since the histological examination did not find a conclusive reason for the functional stenosis, an immunohistochemical staining was advised. This showed a decrease in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the stenotic part of the sigmoid colon. Discussion: This case report describes a patient with an idiopathic megacolon, where the underlying cause remained unclear until an immunohistochemical staining of the stenotic colon showed a substantial decrease of ICCs. Various pathologies leading to a megacolon are reviewed and discussed.

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