Postnatal length and weight growth velocities according to Fenton reference and their associated perinatal factors in healthy late preterm infants during birth to term-corrected age: an observational study

Introduction: Preterm infants’ brain is vulnerable to ischemic and hemorrhagic injuries due to structural and molecular immaturities as well as associated co-morbidities, which is usually detected by bedside cranial ultrasound. Cranial ultrasound findings are common in preterm infants’ of < 32 weeks, so cranial ultrasound is routinely recommended in them but there is no such recommendation regarding moderate and late preterm infants. The objective of this study is to find the cranial ultrasound abnormalities in moderate and late preterm infants. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary level neonatal care unit. Hundred moderate and late preterm neonates delivered or admitted within seventh day of life were included in the study. Cranial ultrasound scan was performed between third and seventh day of life and before discharge and ultrasound findings were noted. Data were collected in predesigned case record form and analysed using Fischer Exact test. Results: Out of 100 neonates, 47 (47%) were males and 53 (53%) females. There were 43 (43%) moderately preterm and 57 (57%) late preterm infants. Mean day of life for performing first and second cranial ultrasound was 4.17 (3 - 7) days and 13.24 (3 - 40) days respectively. Cranial abnormalities were noted in 26% neonates. Intra-ventricular haemorrhage grade 1 or 2 was the commonest abnormality noted. Choroid plexus cyst (4%), cerebral edema (3%), periventricular hyperechogenicity (3%) and hydrocephalus (1%) were the other abnormalities noted. Neonates having APGAR < 6 at one minute, mechanically ventilated and having co-morbidities had significantly higher incidence of abnormal findings. Conclusions: It is reasonable to perform screening cranial ultrasound in high risk moderate and late preterm infants having low APGAR score, mechanically ventilated and having co-morbidities.

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Lung ultrasound during the initiation of breathing in healthy term and late preterm infants immediately after birth, a prospective, observational study

Resuscitation ◽

10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.02.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 114 ◽

pp. 59-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Douglas A. Blank ◽

Sheryle R. Rogerson ◽

C. Omar F. Kamlin ◽

Lisa M. Fox ◽

Laila Lorenz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Lung Ultrasound ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Late Preterm Infants

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Late preterm infants – impact of perinatal factors on neonatal results. A clinical study

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.5604/12321966.1167730 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 536-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Grzegorz Jakiel ◽

Maria Wilińska ◽

Małgorzata Bińkowska ◽

Anna Kowal ◽

Sylwia Rumowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Perinatal Factors ◽

Late Preterm Infants

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Maternal and Perinatal Determinants of Late Hospital Discharge Among Late Preterm Infants; A 5-Year Cross-Sectional Analysis

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.685016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Wasim Khasawneh ◽

Rahaf Alyousef ◽

Zuhour Akawi ◽

Areen Al-Dhoon ◽

Ahlam Odat

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Preterm Births ◽

Early Discharge ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Perinatal Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Initial Hospital

Background: Although late preterm infants (LPIs) account for the majority of preterm births, they are mistakenly labelled and treated as “near term.” Whether longer initial hospital stay improves their outcomes and lowers readmission is controversial. The aim of this study is to identify maternal and perinatal factors associated with longer hospital stay and to assess the rate of readmission.Methods: The medical records of LPIs delivered at an academic center in Jordan over a 5-year period were reviewed. They were divided according to their initial hospital stay into: Early discharge group (ED, ≤ 3 days) and late discharge group (LD, > 3 days). Maternal and perinatal factors associated with > 3-day hospital stay were reported. The rate of readmission was compared between both groups.Results: 2236 LPIs were included in the analysis representing 13% of total births and 81% of premature births. LD group constituted 54%. A thousand two hundred forty three (56%) required admission to NICU. Factors associated with longer hospital stay included maternal prolonged rupture of membranes (AOR 1.9, 95% C.I 1.5, 2.4, p 0.000), C-section delivery (AOR 2.4, 95% C.I 1.9, 3, p 0.001), <35-week gestation (AOR 3.8, 95% C.I 2.6, 5, p 0.000), small-for-gestational age (AOR 1.9, 95% C.I 1.1, 3.8, p 0.03), birthweight <2,500 g (AOR 1.3, 95% C.I 1.1, 1.6, p 0.02), NICU admission (AOR 6.3, 95% C.I 3.4, 11.5, p 0.000), RDS (AOR 2.3, 95% C.I 1.5, 3.6, p 0.005), surfactant therapy (AOR 5, 95% C.I 1.9, 13.5, p 0.001), use of CPAP (AOR 1.7, 95% C.I 1.2, 2.2, p 0.001), jaundice (AOR 11.2, 95% C.I 7.7, 16.2, p 0.000), and sepsis (AOR 10.3, 95% C.I 4.8, 22, p 0.000). Readmission rate was 19% among the LD group and 13% among the ED group.Conclusion: LPIs are at high risk for developing prematurity-related morbidities and the duration of their initial hospital stay can be anticipated based on certain predisposing maternal and perinatal factors. Late discharge of LPIs does not lower the rate of readmission.

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Late Preterm Infants Require Preventive Vigilance

Pediatric News ◽

10.1016/s0031-398x(08)70183-8 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 30-31

Author(s):

DOUG BRUNK

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Late Preterm Infants

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Early school-age outcomes of late preterm infants.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1159678.621076 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Helen Kay

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

School Age ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Early School ◽

Early School Age

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Respiratory distress management in moderate and late preterm infants: The NEOBS Study

Archives de Pédiatrie ◽

10.1016/j.arcped.2021.03.010 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

T. Debillon ◽

P. Tourneux ◽

I. Guellec ◽

P.-H. Jarreau ◽

C. Flamant

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Late Preterm Infants

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Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 18 Months of Corrected Age for Late Preterm Infants Born at 34 and 35 Gestational Weeks

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 640 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ruka Nakasone ◽

Kazumichi Fujioka ◽

Yuki Kyono ◽

Asumi Yoshida ◽

Takumi Kido ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Psychomotor Development ◽

Youden Index ◽

Chromosomal Anomalies ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Severe Hyperbilirubinemia

To date, the difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes between late preterm infants (LPI) born at 34 and 35 gestational weeks (LPI-34 and LPI-35, respectively) has not been elucidated. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of corrected age for LPI-34 and LPI-35, and to elucidate factors predicting neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). Records of all LPI-34 (n = 93) and LPI-35 (n = 121) admitted to our facility from 2013 to 2017 were reviewed. Patients with congenital or chromosomal anomalies, severe neonatal asphyxia, and without developmental quotient (DQ) data were excluded. Psychomotor development was assessed as a DQ using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development at 18 months of corrected age. NDI was defined as DQ < 80 or when severe neurodevelopmental problems made neurodevelopmental assessment impossible. We compared the clinical characteristics and DQ values between LPI-34 (n = 62) and LPI-35 (n = 73). To elucidate the factors predicting NDI at 18 months of corrected age, we compared clinical factors between the NDI (n = 17) and non-NDI (n = 118) groups. No significant difference was observed in DQ values at 18 months of corrected age between the groups in each area and overall. Among clinical factors, male sex, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), hyperbilirubinemia, and severe hyperbilirubinemia had a higher prevalence in the NDI group than in the non-NDI group, and IVH and/or severe hyperbilirubinemia showed the highest Youden Index values for predicting NDI. Based on the results of this study, we can conclude that no significant difference in neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months of corrected age was observed between LPI-34 and LPI-35. Patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia and/or IVH should be considered to be at high risk for developing NDI.

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