scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells and porous β-tricalcium phosphate composites prepared through stem cell screen-enrich-combine(−biomaterials) circulating system for the repair of critical size bone defects in goat tibia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Chu ◽  
Yaokai Gan ◽  
Yifu Zhuang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects

The association of human mesenchymal stem cells with BMP-7 improves bone regeneration of critical-size segmental bone defects in athymic rats

Bone ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Burastero ◽  
Sonia Scarfì ◽  
Chiara Ferraris ◽  
Chiara Fresia ◽  
Nadia Sessarego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Segmental Bone ◽  
Segmental Bone Defects

scholarly journals Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cartilaginous organoids promote scaffold-free healing of critical size long bone defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Long Tam ◽  
Luís Freitas Mendes ◽  
Xike Chen ◽  
Raphaëlle Lesage ◽  
Inge Van Hoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract Background Bones have a remarkable capacity to heal upon fracture. Yet, in large defects or compromised conditions healing processes become impaired, resulting in delayed or non-union. Current therapeutic approaches often utilize autologous or allogeneic bone grafts for bone augmentation. However, limited availability of these tissues and lack of predictive biological response result in limitations for clinical demands. Tissue engineering using viable cell-based implants is a strategic approach to address these unmet medical needs. Methods Herein, the in vitro and in vivo cartilage and bone tissue formation potencies of human pluripotent stem cells were investigated. The induced pluripotent stem cells were specified towards the mesodermal lineage and differentiated towards chondrocytes, which subsequently self-assembled into cartilaginous organoids. The tissue formation capacity of these organoids was then challenged in an ectopic and orthotopic bone formation model. Results The derived chondrocytes expressed similar levels of collagen type II as primary human articular chondrocytes and produced stable cartilage when implanted ectopically in vivo. Upon targeted promotion towards hypertrophy and priming with a proinflammatory mediator, the organoids mediated successful bridging of critical size long bone defects in immunocompromised mice. Conclusions These results highlight the promise of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for the creation of functional cartilage tissue intermediates that can be explored for novel bone healing strategies.

scholarly journals Slowly Delivered Icariin/Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Promote the Healing of Calvarial Critical-Size Bone Defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianlin Liu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yuan Luo ◽  
Yuanliang Huang ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Allogeneic Bone Marrow ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Trabecular Thickness

Bone tissue engineering technique is a promising strategy to repair large-volume bone defects. In this study, we developed a 3-dimensional construct by combining icariin (a small-molecule Chinese medicine), allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and a siliceous mesostructured cellular foams-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (SMC-PHBHHx) composite scaffold. We hypothesized that the slowly released icariin could significantly promote the efficacy of SMC-PHBHHx/allogeneic BMSCs for repairing critical-size bone defects in rats. In in vitro cellular experiments, icariin at optimal concentration (10−6 mol/L) could significantly upregulate the osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related genes and proteins, such as Runx2, ALP, osteocalcin, vascular endothelial growth factors, and fibroblast growth factors, as well as the mineralization of BMSCs. Icariin that was adsorbed onto the SMC-PHBHHx scaffold showed a slow release profile within a 2-week monitoring span. Eight weeks after implantation in calvarial critical-size bone defects, the constructs with icariin were associated with significantly higher bone volume density, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and significantly lower trabecular separation than the constructs without icariin. Histomorphometric analysis showed that icariin was also associated with a significantly higher density of newly formed blood vessels. These data suggested a promising application potential of the icariin/SMC-PHBHHx/allogeneic BMSCs constructs for repairing large-volume bone defects in clinic.

scholarly journals Use of a novel Screen–Enrich–Combine(-biomaterials) Circulating System for filling of a 3D-printed open Ti6Al4V frame with mesenchymal stem cells/β-tricalcium phosphate to repair complex anatomical bone defects in load-bearing areas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Chu ◽  
Zhiqing Liu ◽  
Yaokai Gan ◽  
Yongyun Chang ◽  
Xin Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Background: Repairing complex anatomical load-bearing bone defects is difficult because it requires restoration of load-bearing function, reconstruction of anatomical shape and repair by regenerated bone. We previously developed a Screen–Enrich–Combine(-biomaterials) Circulating System (SECCS) for rapid intraoperative enrichment of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to enhance the osteogenic ability of porous bone substitutes. In this study, we prepared a 3D-printed Ti6A14V macroporous frame matching the defect shape to provide early load-bearing support and evaluated the efficacy of filling the frame with SECCS-processed MSCs/beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) for long-term bone growth. Method: Mechanical testing of the cylindrical Ti6Al4V frame identified optimal 3D printing parameters. The lateral part of a goat distal femur was used as the defect model, and a matching electron beam melting technology-prepared (EBM) Ti6Al4V frame was fitted. Three frames filled with nothing, pure porous β-TCP or SECCS-processed MSCs/β-TCP were fixed onto the defect site. Repair efficacy was evaluated by X-ray radiography, computed tomography, histology and histomorphology. Results: In the basic regular hexagon printing unit, the combined side width (w) and inscribed circle diameter (d) determines the printing frame’s mechanical strength. The compressive load was significantly higher for w = 1.9 mm, d = 4.4 mm than for w = 1.7 mm, d = 4.0 mm or w = 2.0 mm, d = 5.0 mm (P < 0.05). The EBM-prepared Ti6Al4V defect-matched frame was well maintained 9 months after implantation. The MSCs successfully adhered to the wall of the porous β-TCP in the SECCS-processed group and had spread fully in the test samples. Each goat in the MSCs/β-TCP–filling group had approximately 31,321.7 ± 22,554.7 MSCs and a larger area of new bone growth inside the frame than the areas in the control and blank groups.Conclusion: Filling the 3D-printed Ti6Al4V large-aperture frame with osteogenic materials achieved biological reconstruction over a larger area of regenerated bone for repair of complex anatomical weight-bearing bone defects under the condition of early frame-supported load bearing. MSCs/β-TCP prepared by SECCS can be used as a filling material for this type of bone defect to obtain more efficacious bone repair.

scholarly journals Comparison of Osteogenesis between Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Sheets on Poly-ε-Caprolactone/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds in Canine Bone Defects

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongsun Kim ◽  
Seung Hoon Lee ◽  
Byung-jae Kang ◽  
Wan Hee Kim ◽  
Hui-suk Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Mrna Levels

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC sheets have effective potentials of bone regeneration. Composite polymer/ceramic scaffolds such as poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are widely used to repair large bone defects. The present study investigated thein vitroosteogenic potential of canine adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs) and Ad-MSC sheets. Composite PCL/β-TCP scaffolds seeded with Ad-MSCs or wrapped with osteogenic Ad-MSC sheets (OCS) were also fabricated and their osteogenic potential was assessed following transplantation into critical-sized bone defects in dogs. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteogenic Ad-MSCs (O-MSCs) and OCS was significantly higher than that of undifferentiated Ad-MSCs (U-MSCs). TheALP, runt-related transcription factor 2, osteopontin,andbone morphogenetic protein 7 mRNA levels were upregulated in O-MSCs and OCS as compared to U-MSCs. In a segmental bone defect, the amount of newly formed bone was greater in PCL/β-TCP/OCS and PCL/β-TCP/O-MSCs/OCS than in the other groups. The OCS exhibit strong osteogenic capacity, and OCS combined with a PCL/β-TCP composite scaffold stimulated new bone formation in a critical-sized bone defect. These results suggest that the PCL/β-TCP/OCS composite has potential clinical applications in bone regeneration and can be used as an alternative treatment modality in bone tissue engineering.

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