scholarly journals Protect Our Kids: a novel program bringing hemorrhage control to schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tobias ◽  
Aaron Cunningham ◽  
Kelsi Krakauer ◽  
Deepthi Nacharaju ◽  
Lori Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Sandy Hook Elementary School ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Following the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, the Hartford Consensus produced the Stop the Bleed program to train bystanders in hemorrhage control. In our region, the police bureau delivers critical incident training to public schools, offering instruction in responding to violent or dangerous situations. Until now, widespread training in hemorrhage control has been lacking. Our group developed, implemented and evaluated a novel program integrating hemorrhage control into critical incident training for school staff in order to blunt the impact of mass casualty events on children. Methods The staff of 25 elementary and middle schools attended a 90-minute course incorporating Stop the Bleed into the critical incident training curriculum, delivered on-site by police officers, nurses and doctors over a three-day period. The joint program was named Protect Our Kids. At the conclusion of the course, hemorrhage control kits and educational materials were provided and a four-question survey to assess the quality of training using a ten-point Likert scale was completed by participants and trainers. Results One thousand eighteen educators underwent training. A majority were teachers (78.2%), followed by para-educators (5.8%), counselors (4.4%) and principals (2%). Widely covered by local and state media, the Protect Our Kids program was rated as excellent and effective by a majority of trainees and all trainers rated the program as excellent. Conclusions Through collaboration between trauma centers, police and school systems, a large-scale training program for hemorrhage control and critical incident response can be effectively delivered to schools.

scholarly journals Protect Our Kids: A Novel Program Bringing Hemorrhage Control to Schools

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tobias ◽  
Aaron Cunningham ◽  
Kelsi Krakauer ◽  
Deepthi Nacharaju ◽  
Lori Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Sandy Hook Elementary School ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Following the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School, the Hartford Consensus produced the Stop the Bleed program to train bystanders in hemorrhage control. In our region, the police bureau delivers critical incident training to public schools, offering instruction in responding to violent or dangerous situations. Until now, widespread training in hemorrhage control has been lacking. Our group developed, implemented and evaluated a novel program integrating hemorrhage control into critical incident training for school staff in order to blunt the impact of mass casualty events on children.Methods: The staff of 25 elementary and middle schools attended a 90-minute course incorporating Stop the Bleed into the critical incident training curriculum, delivered on-site by police officers, nurses and doctors over a three-day period. The joint program was named Protect Our Kids. At the conclusion of the course, hemorrhage control kits and educational materials were provided and a four-question survey to assess the quality of training using a ten-point Likert scale was completed by participants and trainers. Results: 1018 educators underwent training. A majority were teachers (78.2%), followed by para-educators (5.8%), counselors (4.4%) and principals (2%). Widely covered by local and state media, the Protect Our Kids program was rated as excellent and effective by a majority of trainees and all trainers rated the program as excellent. Conclusions: Through collaboration between trauma centers, police and school systems, a large-scale training program for hemorrhage control and critical incident response can be effectively delivered to schools.

First Responder Psychological Recovery Following a Mass Casualty Event

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Sara Garrido ◽  
John Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Columbine High School ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
The Impact

Mass Casualty Events (MCE) have an extraordinary impact on an entire community. The impact on victims' families, survivors, and community members is often the subject of significant attention; however, rarely does the impact on first responders (law enforcement officers, firefighters, dispatchers, crime scene investigators/photographers, etc.) garner the same coverage. Additionally, agencies can quickly become overwhelmed by the magnitude of the response causing them to overlook the psychological impact of these incidents on their personnel. Serving as specialists in police and public safety psychology, crisis intervention, and trauma recovery, the authors reflect on lessons learned from their response to multiple MCEs, including the 1999 Columbine High School shooting and the 2012 Aurora Century 16 Theater shooting, and offer recommendations to agencies regarding crisis response and trauma recovery.

Role of Nurses in a University Hospital During Mass Casualty Events

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-484
Author(s):  
Michal H. Liebergall ◽  
Nava Braverman ◽  
Shmuel C. Shapira ◽  
Orly Picker Rotem ◽  
Irene Soudry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Level I

Mass casualty events due to terror attacks have escalated throughout Israel since September 2000, with a high proportion of these events occurring in the Jerusalem area. Immediately after news of a large-scale terror attack is received, family/public information centers are set up in all local hospitals to meet the needs of members of the public who call or arrive at hospitals anxious to obtain information about relatives who may have been at the site of the attack. The most urgent task facing these centers is the quick and accurate identification of victims whose identity is in question. To date, some 3000 casualties have been treated at Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center (Hadassah), a level I trauma center. This number accounts for nearly half of Israel’s total number of casualties from terror attacks during this period. Extensive experience has led the hospital to develop a unique organizational model for its family/public information center; in this model, members of the nursing staff identify casualties. The experience and knowledge gained in dealing with terror events also can be applied to other types of mass casualty events, such as major road or work accidents.

Impact of military medicine on civilian medical practice in the UK from 2009 to 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001691
Author(s):  
Katherine France ◽  
C Handford
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Military Medicine ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Outbreak Management ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Major Incidents ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe positive impact of advances in military medicine and the influence these have had on civilian medical practice have been well documented throughout history: this review will be looking specifically between 2009 and 2020.AimsReview of innovations that have been implemented or have influenced civilian practice within the areas of trauma, disease outbreak management and civilian systems between 2009 and 2020. This review will also aim to explore the impact that working with or within the military can have on individuals within civilian healthcare systems and the future challenges we face to maintain skills.ResultsUsing a narrative approach to this review, we found that there have been numerous changes to trauma management within the UK, based on military practice and research during conflict, which have improved survival outcomes. In addition, the use of niche military skills as part of a coordinated response, during both internal and international disease outbreaks, are thought to have supported civilian systems enabling an efficient and prolonged response. Furthermore, adaptation of military concepts and their application to the NHS through consultant-led prehospital teams, centralisation of specialties in the form of major trauma centres and the introduction of guidelines to manage 'major incidents and mass casualty events' in 2018 have improved patient outcomes.ConclusionFrom 2009 to 2020, lessons learnt from the British and other nations’ militaries have been integrated into UK practice and have likely contributed to improved outcomes in the management of major incidents both nationally and internationally.

scholarly journals Teaching with the Test: Experimental Evidence on Diagnostic Feedback and Capacity Building for Public Schools in Argentina

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael de Hoyos ◽  
Alejandro J Ganimian ◽  
Peter A Holland
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diagnostic Feedback ◽  
Assessment Results

Abstract This article examines the impact of two strategies for using large-scale assessment results to improve school management and classroom instruction in the province of La Rioja, Argentina. In the study, 104 public primary schools were randomly assigned to three groups: a diagnostic-feedback group, in which standardized tests were administered at baseline and two follow-ups and results were made available to schools; a capacity-building group, in which workshops and school visits were conducted; and a control group, in which tests were administered at the second follow-up. After two years, diagnostic-feedback schools outperformed control schools by 0.33 standard deviations (σ) in mathematics and 0.36σ in reading. In fact, feedback schools still performed 0.26σ better in math and 0.22σ better in reading in the national assessment a year after the end of the intervention. Additionally, principals at feedback schools were more likely to use assessment results in making management decisions, and students were more likely to report that their teachers used more instructional strategies and to rate their teachers more favorably. Combining feedback with capacity building does not seem to yield additional improvements, but this could be due to schools assigned to receive both components starting from lower learning levels and participating in fewer workshops and visits than expected.

scholarly journals Predictors of PTSD symptoms in brazilian police officers: the synergy of negative affect and peritraumatic dissociation

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah B Maia ◽  
Charles R Marmar ◽  
Clare Henn-Haase ◽  
Augusta Nóbrega ◽  
Adriana Fiszman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Peritraumatic Dissociation ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Exposure to traumatic events is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pretrauma, peritrauma and posttrauma factors interact to impact on symptom severity. The aim of the present study is to determine risk factors for PTSD symptoms in Brazilian police officers. METHOD: In a cross-sectional sample of active duty officers (n = 212), participants were asked to complete a socio-demographic questionnaire and self-report scales on affective traits, cumulative critical incident exposure, peritraumatic distress and dissociation, PTSD symptoms, and social support. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was conducted to examine predictors of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS: Variables related to negative affect, job duration, frequency of critical incident exposure, peritraumatic dissociation, and lack of social support remained significant in the final model and explained 55% of the variance in PTSD symptoms. When interaction terms were evaluated, a synergistic effect between negative affect and peritraumatic dissociation was found. CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors found in this study provide clues on how to elaborate primary prevention strategies regarding PTSD symptoms in police officers. Such initiatives may lessen the impact of repeated exposure to traumatic events on police officers over the course of their careers.

The Impact of Terrorism on Children: A Two-Year Experience

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 370-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian M. Sandell ◽  
I.K. Maconochie
Keyword(s):  
Vital Signs ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Paediatric Trauma ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Patterns Of Injury ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real Challenge

Waismanet al1have once more highlighted the very real challenge of triaging children in mass-casualty events (MCE) in the pre-hospital setting. Difficulties encountered measuring vital signs and different patterns of injury, reflecting significant anatomical and physiological differences, necessitates a modified approach when applying traditional “adult” triage methods to paediatric trauma victims. When using physiological parameters to triage children, their faster respiratory rates and heart rates frequently result in younger children being triaged to a higher category than their injuries demand. These differences become less apparent during adolescence, as the young person matures into adulthood.

scholarly journals Norwegian Emergency Medicine Systems’ Training and Equipment for Penetrating Injuries: A National Survey-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sigurd W. Blix ◽  
Jørgen Melau ◽  
Nina Thorvaldsen ◽  
Inger Lund-Kordahl
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Tension Pneumothorax ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Penetrating Injuries ◽  
Hemorrhage Control ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Nation Wide Survey ◽  
Needle Decompression

Abstract Objective: Recent terror attacks led the Norwegian government to develop a procedure for emergency and law enforcement services cooperation during Active Violent Incidents (AVI, abbreviated PLIVO in Norwegian). To address further national initiatives to improve preparedness for mass casualty events and penetrating injuries among emergency medical services (EMS) in Norway, training and equipment status were mapped. Methods: All EMS regions in Norway were invited to participate in an electronic nation-wide survey about practical medical training in PLIVO scenario training and specific training in hemorrhage control and penetrating injuries. Results: Ninety percent (842/938) had attended at least 1 PLIVO training scenario. Of these, 76% (642/938) reported only evacuation training during the exercise, while only 20% (168/938) had practiced hemorrhage control. Eighty-one percent (760/938) respondents reported that they were equipped with tourniquets and 91% (853/938) were equipped with gauze to pack wounds. However, only 52% (487/938) and 48% (450/938) reported practical training in tourniquet application and wound packing, respectively, while 30% (280/938) reported that they had no training or only theoretical education in tourniquet application. Supervised practical training on penetrating thoracic injuries was reported by <20%, and <50% reported practical training in needle decompression of a tension pneumothorax. Conclusions: Enhanced focus on training in hemorrhage control and penetrating injuries is needed. This supports the recent decision from the Norwegian government to strengthen the training for EMS in AVI (PLIVO) exercises, by focusing on medical procedures in addition to evacuation training. Although the estimated response rate is 17%, we believe the large number of respondents still make the results valuable.

scholarly journals Impact assessment of an intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetables by students and teachers

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cristina Farias ◽  
Inês Rugani Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Virgínia Martins da Matta ◽  
Luciana Maria Cerqueira Castro
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
School Food ◽  
National School ◽  
Health Fair ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables Intake ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Elementary Public Schools

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of an intervention that promoted the consumption of fruits and vegetables on the intake of these products by students and teachers in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. METHODS: This is a one-group pretest-posttest study of students and teachers from elementary public schools in Rio de Janeiro. The intervention included a training course for promoting healthy eating; distribution of educational materials; and holding of a one-day health fair. We assessed the activities that had been carried out, teachers' habitual fruits and vegetables intake, students' fruits and vegetables intake at school, and intervention-related issues. RESULTS: Before the intervention, 65.1% of the students consumed the school lunch and most (>79.4%) accepted and consumed the fruits and vegetables served. Most teachers (>75.0%) consumed fruits and other vegetables regularly, but only 36.4% consumed leaf vegetables regularly. The intervention was implemented only moderately (52.7%) but was well accepted by the teachers. The students of schools that implemented the intervention more extensively showed better acceptance of vegetables (p=0.009). Teachers' fruits and vegetables intake did not change. CONCLUSION: Students' fruits and vegetables intake changed modestly. This study contributes to the design of intervention studies for Brazilian schools because it coordinated the National School Food Program with educational activities.

The impact of radiation dread on mass casualty medical management during a radiological or nuclear event

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Mary Sproull ◽  
Naoru Koizumi, PhD ◽  
Emanuel Petricoin, PhD ◽  
Gregory D. Koblentz, PhD ◽  
William G. Kennedy, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Nuclear Event ◽  
The Us ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Strategies

Since the events of 9/11, a concerted interagency effort has been undertaken to create comprehensive emergency planning and preparedness strategies for management of a radiological or nuclear event in the US. These planning guides include protective action guidelines, medical countermeasure recommendations, and systems for diagnosing and triaging radiation injury. Yet, key areas such as perception of risk from radiation exposure by first responders have not been addressed. In this article, we identify the need to model and develop new strategies for the medical management of large-scale population exposures to radiation, examine the phenomena of radiation dread and its role in emergency response, and review recent findings on the willingness to work of first responders and other personnel involved in mass casualty medical management during a radiological or nuclear event.

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