scholarly journals The repeated emergence of asexuality, the hidden genomes and the role of parthenogenetic rare males in the brine shrimp Artemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Abatzopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Rare Males

scholarly journals Laboratory generation of new Artemia parthenogenetic lineages through contagious parthenogenesis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Maccari ◽  
Francisco Amat ◽  
Francisco Hontoria ◽  
Africa Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Rare Males ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Contagious parthenogenesis – a process involving rare functional males produced by a parthenogenetic lineage, which mate with coexisting sexual females resulting in fertile parthenogenetic offspring – is one of the most striking mechanisms responsible for the generation of new parthenogenetic lineages. Populations of the parthenogenetic diploid brine shrimp Artemia produce fully functional males in low proportions. The evolutionary role of these so-called Artemia rare males is, however, unknown. Here we investigate whether new parthenogenetic clones could be obtained in the laboratory through contagious origin. We assessed the survival and sex ratio of the hybrid ovoviviparous offspring from previous crosses between rare males and females from all Asiatic sexual species, carried out cross-mating experiments between F1 hybrid individuals to assess their fertility, and estimated the viability and the reproductive mode of the resulting F2 offspring. Molecular analysis confirmed the parentage of hybrid parthenogenetic F2. Our study documents the first synthesis of parthenogenetic lineages through contagious parthenogenesis in Artemia. We discuss the possible genetic mechanisms responsible for parthenogenesis and the likelihood of contagious parthenogenesis in natural environments.

scholarly journals Laboratory generation of new Artemia parthenogenetic lineages through contagious parthenogenesis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Maccari ◽  
Francisco Amat ◽  
Francisco Hontoria ◽  
Africa Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Rare Males ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Contagious parthenogenesis – a process involving rare functional males produced by a parthenogenetic lineage, which mate with coexisting sexual females resulting in fertile parthenogenetic offspring – is one of the most striking mechanisms responsible for the generation of new parthenogenetic lineages. Populations of the parthenogenetic diploid brine shrimp Artemia produce fully functional males in low proportions. The evolutionary role of these so-called Artemia rare males is, however, unknown. Here we investigate whether new parthenogenetic clones could be obtained in the laboratory through contagious origin. We assessed the survival and sex ratio of the hybrid ovoviviparous offspring from previous crosses between rare males and females from all Asiatic sexual species, carried out cross-mating experiments between F1 hybrid individuals to assess their fertility, and estimated the viability and the reproductive mode of the resulting F2 offspring. Molecular analysis confirmed the parentage of hybrid parthenogenetic F2. Our study documents the first synthesis of parthenogenetic lineages through contagious parthenogenesis in Artemia. We discuss the possible genetic mechanisms responsible for parthenogenesis and the likelihood of contagious parthenogenesis in natural environments.

A case study to optimise and validate the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana immobilisation assay with silver nanoparticles: The role of harmonisation

2016 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kos ◽  
Anne Kahru ◽  
Damjana Drobne ◽  
Shashi Singh ◽  
Gabriela Kalčíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Franciscana

Assessment of the role of brine shrimp Artemia in white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) transmission

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Song Zhang ◽  
Shuang-Lin Dong ◽  
Yun-Wei Dong ◽  
Xiang-Li Tian ◽  
Yi-Cheng Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

A procaryotic intracellular symbiont of the Great Salt Lake brine shrimp Artemia salina (L.)

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1232-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Post ◽  
N. N. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Great Salt Lake ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Intracellular Symbiont ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Salt Lake Brine

Individuals of Artemia salina, the brine shrimp, were captured from the Great Salt Lake, a highly saline (330–340 g ℓ−1 solids content) terminal lake in Utah. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of intracellular procaryotic symbionts in the epithelial lining of the midgut. Fine structure and possible role of the symbiont are discussed.

Archivory in hypersaline aquatic environments: Haloarchaea as a dietary source for the brine shrimp Artemia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M A Lopes-dos-Santos ◽  
Marleen De Troch ◽  
Peter Bossier ◽  
Gilbert Van Stappen
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Filter Feeder ◽  
Selective Filter ◽  
13C Isotope ◽  
Trophic Links ◽  
Domains Of Life

ABSTRACT Archaea have been the most overlooked and enigmatic of the three domains of life for decades. Knowledge of key ecological interactions such as trophic links between this domain and higher level organisms remains extremely limited. The co-occurrence of halophilic Archaea (haloarchaea) and the non-selective filter feeder, brine shrimp Artemia under the unique ecological characteristics of hypersaline aquatic environments, constitutes an excellent opportunity to further unravel the ecological role of the Archaea domain as a source of food to zooplankton metazoans. In the present study, we combine the use of haloarchaea biomass assimilation experiments using 13C isotope as tracer, with gnotobiotic Artemia culture tests using haloarchaea mono-diets, to investigate potential trophic links between the organisms. Our results demonstrated the ability of Artemia to assimilate nutrients from mono-diets of haloarchaea biomass in order to survive and grow, providing clear indications that archivory may occur in hypersaline aquatic environments. Additionally, our study highlights the use of stable isotopes labelling as a potential tool to further disentangle the specific pathways by which archaeal cellular constituents are digested by consumers.

scholarly journals Gut reaction by heartless shrimps: experimental evidence for the role of the gut in generating circulation before cardiac ontogeny

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
John I Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Franciscana ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Internal Circulation ◽  
General Body ◽  
Invertebrate Species

Before the appearance of a functional heart in many invertebrate species, the assumption was that general body movements provide circulatory function. Consequently, I investigated the frequency of gut movements in the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana , immediately post-hatch to the point when a functional heart appeared. Prior to cardiac ontogeny, movements of internal musculature and gut provided pre-cardiac circulatory currents with the rate of gut movements increasing when swimming limbs were impeded. There was also some evidence that gut movements were responsive to low oxygen, indicating a possible regulatory function for the gut in early circulation. Overall, this suggests that general body movements are not always adequate to provide internal circulation in small, heartless individuals.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor
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