scholarly journals Risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in the military: a qualitative systematic review of the literature from the past two decades and a new prioritizing injury model

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Sammito ◽  
Vedran Hadzic ◽  
Thomas Karakolis ◽  
Karen R. Kelly ◽  
Susan P. Proctor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Qualitative Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Military

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal injuries (MSkIs) are a leading cause of health care utilization, as well as limited duty and disability in the US military and other armed forces. MSkIs affect members of the military during initial training, operational training, and deployment and have a direct negative impact on overall troop readiness. Currently, a systematic overview of all risk factors for MSkIs in the military is not available. Methods A systematic literature search was carried out using the PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 2000 to September 10, 2019. Additionally, a reference list scan was performed (using the “snowball method”). Thereafter, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel scored the level of evidence per risk factor, and a classification of modifiable/non-modifiable was made. Results In total, 176 original papers and 3 meta-analyses were included in the review. A list of 57 reported potential risk factors was formed. For 21 risk factors, the level of evidence was considered moderate or strong. Based on this literature review and an in-depth analysis, the expert panel developed a model to display the most relevant risk factors identified, introducing the idea of the “order of importance” and including concepts that are modifiable/non-modifiable, as well as extrinsic/intrinsic risk factors. Conclusions This is the qualitative systematic review of studies on risk factors for MSkIs in the military that has attempted to be all-inclusive. A total of 57 different potential risk factors were identified, and a new, prioritizing injury model was developed. This model may help us to understand risk factors that can be addressed, and in which order they should be prioritized when planning intervention strategies within military groups.

scholarly journals Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e0008944
Author(s):  
Zewdu Seyoum Tarekegn ◽  
Haileyesus Dejene ◽  
Agerie Addisu ◽  
Shimelis Dagnachew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Women And Hiv

Background Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular and neurotropic apicomplexan protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded vertebrates including humans. To date in Ethiopia, no systematic study has been investigated on the overall effects of potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. We intended to determine the potential risk factors (PRFs) associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii from published data among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals of Ethiopia. Methodology An systematic review of the previous reports was made. We searched PubMed, Science Direct, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar for studies with no restriction on the year of publication. All references were screened independently in duplicate and were included if they presented data on at least two risk factors. Meta-analysis using the random or fixed-effects model was made to calculate the overall effects for each exposure. Results Of the 216 records identified, twenty-four reports met our eligibility criteria, with a total of 6003 individuals (4356 pregnant women and 1647 HIV infected individuals). The pooled prevalences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found at 72.5% (95% CI: 58.7% - 83.1%) in pregnant women and 85.7% (95% CI: 76.3% - 91.8%) in HIV infected individuals. A significant overall effect of anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among pregnant women (p < 0.05) was witnessed with age, abortion history, contact with cats, cat ownership, having knowledge about toxoplasmosis, being a housewife and having unsafe water source. Age, cat ownership, and raw meat consumption were also shown a significant effect (p < 0.05) to anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among HIV infected individuals. Conclusions This review showed gaps and drawbacks in the earlier studies that are useful to keep in mind to design accurate investigations in the future. The pooled prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies was found to be higher among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. This suggests that thousands of immunocompromised individuals (pregnant women and HIV infected patients) are at risk of toxoplasmosis due to the sociocultural and living standards of the communities of Ethiopia. Appropriate preventive measures are needed to reduce the exposure to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Further studies to investigate important risk factors are recommended to support the development of more cost-effective preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Prognosis and Risk Factors for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Cai ◽  
Xiaodong Tang ◽  
Haijie Liang ◽  
Rongli Yang ◽  
Taiqiang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Malignant Grade

Abstract Background: No available meta-analysis was printed to systematically introduce the MPNST clinic outcome and risk factors based on largely pooled data. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate 5-year OS rate, 5-year EFS rate and LR rate for MPNST, and to assess potential risk factors for prognosis.Methods: Electronic articles published between January 1, 1966 and February 29, 2020, were searched and critically evaluated. The authors independently reviewed the abstracts and extracted data for 5-year OS rate, 5-year EFS rate, LR rate, and potential risk factors for prognosis.Results: Twenty-eight literatures were finally included for meta-analysis. The pooled 5-year OS rate, 5-year EFS rate, and LR rate were 49%, 37%, and 38%, respectively. The significant prognostic factors for survival were NF1 status, tumor size, depth, location, malignant grade, margin status, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Age and sex were not associated with survival.Conclusion: Survival and local recurrence of MPNST are poor. Worse prognosis is mainly associated with NF 1, large size, deep to fascia, high grade, metastases and location (trunk and head & neck). Complete resection with adequate surgical margins is the mainstay protective factor of MPNST patients, following necessary adjuvant therapies.

scholarly journals Potential risk factors associated with human alveolar echinococcosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0005801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz J. Conraths ◽  
Carolina Probst ◽  
Alessia Possenti ◽  
Belgees Boufana ◽  
Rosella Saulle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Potential Risk Factors Associated with Human Cystic Echinococcosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e0005114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Possenti ◽  
Raúl Manzano-Román ◽  
Carlos Sánchez-Ovejero ◽  
Belgees Boufana ◽  
Giuseppe La Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Human Cystic Echinococcosis

Prevalence, potential risk factors for development and symptoms related to the presence of uterine niches following Cesarean section: systematic review

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. M. Bij de Vaate ◽  
L. F. van der Voet ◽  
O. Naji ◽  
M. Witmer ◽  
S. Veersema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Supraspinatus Tears: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 232596712110428
Author(s):  
Jinlong Zhao ◽  
Minghui Luo ◽  
Guihong Liang ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Jianke Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tears ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Supraspinatus Tear ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Male Sex

Background: The pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears remains unclear, and there is a lack of high-quality evidence-based research on the risk factors for supraspinatus tears. Purpose: To explore 10 potential risk factors for supraspinatus muscle tears. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This review was conducted according to the MOOSE (Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies published before January 2021 on supraspinatus tears. The following potential risk factors were analyzed: age, body mass index, male sex, female sex, arm dominance, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, thyroid disease, and the critical shoulder angle (CSA). Risk ratios (RRs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) of related risk were calculated. The Egger test was used to evaluate publication bias. Results: A total of 9 articles from 8 countries were included; among the 3240 patients, 687 were included in the supraspinatus tear group, and 2553 were included in the nonsupraspinatus tear group. The meta-analysis showed that older age (WMD, 3.36 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.53-6.20]; P = .02), male sex (RR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.78-0.97]; P = .01), smoking (RR, 2.21 [95% CI, 1.56-3.14]; P < .00001), diabetes (RR, 1.67 [95% CI, 1.03-2.70]; P = .04), hypertension (RR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.16-1.97]; P = .002), and the CSA (WMD, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.39-3.12]; P < .00001) were risk factors for supraspinatus tears. Conclusion: Older age, male sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and a higher CSA were found to be risk factors for supraspinatus tears in this meta-analysis review. Identifying risk factors for supraspinatus tears early can help clinicians identify these high-risk patients and choose appropriate treatments.

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