scholarly journals Adult death registration in Matlab, rural Bangladesh: completeness, correlates, and obstacles

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moinuddin Haider ◽  
Nurul Alam ◽  
Mamun Ibn Bashar ◽  
Stéphane Helleringer

AbstractCivil registration of vital events such as deaths and births is a key part of the process of securing rights and benefits for individuals worldwide. It also enables the production of vital statistics for local planning of social services. In many low- and lower-middle-income countries, however, civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems do not adequately register significant numbers of births and, especially, deaths. In this study, we aim to estimate the completeness of adult death registration (for age 15 and older) in the Matlab health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) area in Bangladesh and to identify reasons for (not) registering deaths in the national CRVS system. We conducted a sample survey of 2538 households and recorded 571 adult deaths that had occurred in the 3 years preceding the survey. Only 17% of these deaths were registered in the national CRVS system, with large gender differences in registration rates (male = 26% vs. female = 5%). Respondents who reported that a recent death in the household was registered indicated that the primary reasons for registration were to secure an inheritance and to access social services. The main reasons cited for not registering a death were lack of knowledge about CRVS and not perceiving the benefits of death registration. Information campaigns to raise awareness of death registration, as well as stronger incentives to register deaths, may be needed to improve the completeness of death registration in Bangladesh.

Genus ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aashish Gupta ◽  
Sneha Sarah Mani

AbstractComplete or improving civil registration systems in sub-national areas in low- and middle-income countries provide several opportunities to better understand population health and its determinants. In this article, we provide an assessment of vital statistics in Kerala, India. Kerala is home to more than 33 million people and is a comparatively low-mortality context. We use individual-level vital registration data on more than 2.8 million deaths between 2006 and 2017 from the Kerala MARANAM (Mortality and Registration Assessment and Monitoring) Study. Comparing age-specific mortality rates from the Civil Registration System (CRS) to those from the Sample Registration System (SRS), we do not find evidence that the CRS underestimates mortality. Instead, CRS rates are smoother across ages and less variable across periods. In particular, the CRS records higher death rates than the SRS for ages, where mortality is usually low and for women. Using these data, we provide the first set of annual sex-specific life tables for any state in India. We find that life expectancy at birth was 77.9 years for women in 2017 and 71.4 years for men. Although Kerala is unique in many ways, our findings strengthen the case for more careful attention to mortality records within low- and middle-income countries, and for their better dissemination by government agencies.


Author(s):  
Samuel Mills ◽  
Jane Kim Lee ◽  
Bahie Mary Rassekh

Abstract In collaboration with development partners, the World Bank Group (WBG) has been working to strengthen civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems in low- and middle-income countries through lending operations, technical assistance projects, advisory services and analytics, and knowledge sharing at various international, regional, and national conferences and fora and through publications. In 2017, it launched a comprehensive CRVS eLearning course, which provides practical tools and approaches to achieving twenty-first-century state-of-the-art CRVS systems that are linked to identity management systems and are tailored to local contexts. Some of the key lessons learned from the various initiatives and projects are presented in the eight peer-reviewed manuscripts included in this issue.


Author(s):  
Samuel Mills ◽  
Sheila Jagannathan ◽  
Jane Kim Lee ◽  
Bahie Mary Rassekh

Abstract The World Bank Group (WBG), in partnership with the Global Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Group, the Korea Ministry of Economy and Finance, and the WBG Open Learning Campus, launched the first comprehensive CRVS eLearning course in May 2017. The development of this course demonstrates the commitment and collaboration of development partners and governments working closely together in building the capacity of national institutions to improve CRVS systems in low- and middle-income countries. As of December 2018, over 2300 learners from 137 countries have enrolled in the course. This paper discusses how the course has been developed, disseminated, and evaluated thus far. It also presents the challenges faced and how the course has improved based on feedback from course participants.


Author(s):  
Harry Minas

This chapter provides an overview of what is known about prevalence, social determinants, treatment, and course and impact of depression in developing, or low- and middle-income, countries. The importance of culture in depression and in the construction and application of diagnostic classifications and in health and social services is highlighted, with a particular focus on the applicability of ‘Western’ diagnostic constructs and service systems in developing country settings. The role of international organizations, such as WHO, and international development programs, such as the SDGs, in improving our understanding of depression and in developing effective and culturally appropriate responses is briefly examined. There is both a need and increasing opportunities in developing countries for greater commitment to mental health of populations, increased investment in mental health and social services, and culturally informed research that will contribute to improved global understanding of mental disorders in general and depression in particular.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e001926
Author(s):  
Amiya Bhatia ◽  
Nancy Krieger ◽  
Jason Beckfield ◽  
Aluisio J D Barros ◽  
Cesar Victora

IntroductionAlthough global birth registration coverage has improved from 58% to 71% among children under five globally, inequities in birth registration coverage by wealth, urban/rural location, maternal education and access to a health facility persist. Few studies examine whether inequities in birth registration in low-income and middle-income countries have changed over time.MethodsWe combined information on caregiver reported birth registration of 1.6 million children in 173 publicly available, nationally representative Demographic Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys across 67 low-income and middle-income countries between 1999 and 2016. For each survey, we calculated point estimates and 95% CIs for the percentage of children under 5 years without birth registration on average and stratified by sex, urban/rural location and wealth. For each sociodemographic variable, we estimated absolute measures of inequality. We then examined changes in non-registration and inequities between surveys, and annually.Results14 out of 67 countries had achieved complete birth registration. Among the remaining 53 countries, 39 countries successfully decreased the percentage of children without birth registration. However, this reduction occurred alongside statistically significant increases in wealth inequities in 9 countries and statistically significant decreases in 10 countries. At the most recent survey, the percentage of children without birth registration was greater than 50% in 16 out of 67 countries.ConclusionAlthough birth registration improved on average, progress in reducing wealth inequities has been limited. Findings highlight the importance of monitoring changes in inequities to improve birth registration, to monitor Sustainable Development Goal 16.9 and to strengthen Civil Registration and Vital Statistics systems.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vissého Adjiwanou ◽  
Nurul Alam ◽  
Leontine Alkema ◽  
Gershim Asiki ◽  
Ayaga Bawah ◽  
...  

In low income and lower-middle income countries, data from civil registration systems do not allow monitoring excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rapid mobile phone surveys aimed at measuring mortality trends on a monthly basis are a realistic and safe option for filling that data gap. The data generated by mobile phone surveys can play a key role in better targeting areas or population groups most affected by the pandemic. They can also help monitor the impact of interventions and programs, and rapidly identify what works in mitigating the impact of COVID-19.


2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Carla AbouZahr ◽  
Martin W. Bratschi ◽  
Emily Cercone ◽  
Anushka Mangharam ◽  
Don de Savigny ◽  
...  

The complex and evolving picture of COVID-19–related mortality highlights the need for data to guide the response. Yet many countries are struggling to maintain their data systems, including the civil registration system, which is the foundation for detailed and continuously available mortality statistics. We conducted a search of country and development agency Web sites and partner and media reports describing disruptions to the civil registration of births and deaths associated with COVID-19 related restrictions. We found considerable intercountry variation and grouped countries according to the level of disruption to birth and particularly death registration. Only a minority of the 66 countries were able to maintain service continuity during the COVID-19 restrictions. In the majority, a combination of legal and operational challenges resulted in declines in birth and death registration. Few countries established business continuity plans or developed strategies to deal with the backlog when restrictions are lifted. Civil registration systems and the vital statistics they generate must be strengthened as essential services during health emergencies and as core components of the response to COVID-19. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 15, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306203 )


2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (30) ◽  
pp. 1187-1197
Author(s):  
Erika Kiss ◽  
Emese Pajor

Összefoglaló. Az Egészségügyi Világszervezet (WHO) Látásról szóló világjelentése (World report on vision 2019) szerint a népesség növekedése és elöregedése világszerte növekvő számban vezet mérsékelt vagy súlyosabb fokú látáskárosodáshoz. A WHO adatai szerint napjainkban 1,1 milliárd személy él a látáskárosodás valamely formájával, melyek mintegy 80%-a megelőzhető lenne. A látáskárosodott vagy látáskárosodással veszélyeztetett személyek 90%-a ugyan alacsony vagy közepes humán fejlettségű országban él, de a rövidlátás és a cukorbetegség miatti retinopathia okozta látáskárosodások száma a magas és a nagyon magas humán fejlettségű országok csoportjában is emelkedik. A WHO előrejelzései szerint ezzel a tendenciával 2050-re 61 millióan élnek majd vaksággal, és 1,7 milliárd személy lehet csökkentlátó világszerte. Riasztó adat, hogy az emberiség 23%-a rövidlátó, de a jelenlegi növekedési tendenciák alapján 2050-re az előfordulás már 50%-os lehet. A vakság, illetve a látáskárosodás megelőzése és a látásrehabilitáció fejlődése érdekében a WHO globális akcióprogramjainak (VISION 2020, World report on vision) ismertetésén túl tanulmányunk bemutatja a hazai intézkedéseket és a populációalapú felmérések nemzetközi és hazai eredményeit, köztük a látásromlás legfőbb kórokait és a látáskárosodáshoz leggyakrabban vezető szembetegségeket. Tanulmányunkban bemutatjuk a látáskárosodással élő gyermekek hazai, egészségügyi és pedagógiai szempontból releváns populációjellemzőit is. Összefoglalónk célja felhívni a figyelmet arra, hogy a látáskárosodás megelőzése és a kialakult látáskárosodással élő emberek komplex rehabilitációja nemcsak a szemészeti szakma feladata, hanem be kell, hogy épüljön az egészségügyi alapellátáson túl az oktatási és szociális rendszerekbe is. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(30): 1187–1197. Summary. World Health Organization’s (WHO) World report on vision (2019) underlines that the increasing size and age of the population leads to a general growth in cases of vision impairment of varying severity (moderate and severe vision impairment). According to WHO data, globally 1.1 billion individuals live with vision impairment, and approximately 80% of all cases is preventable. While around 90% of people with vision impairment or at risk of vision impairment live in low- or middle-income countries, the prevalence of near vision impairment and diabetic retinopathy is increasing in high-income countries, too. WHO assumes that if this tendency is not interrupted, by 2050 61 million individuals will be blind and 1.7 billion individuals will have vision impairment. It is rather frightening that currently 23% of the world’s population is diagnosed with near vision impairment, and with this tendency by 2050 this number may reach 50%. Our study takes a closer look at global actions for preventing vision loss and vision impairment together with the joint efforts to improve vision rehabilitation services, and briefly introduces Hungarian measures, results of international and national population-centred research results, and the major causes of vision impairment. Then, the Hungarian population of children with vision impairment is characterised from both healthcare and pedagogical perspectives. The objective of this review is to point out that the prevention of vision impairment and comprehensive rehabilitation of persons with vision impairment requires joint efforts from ophthalmology, pedagogy and social services. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(30): 1187–1197.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa S. E. Ismaeel ◽  
Marwa Adel Elsayed

The paper presents an “Analytical Interdisciplinary Methodological Framework” (AIMF) to promote the institutional role of environmental assessment in Egypt. This is based on two main factors; the institutional procedure and application implementation, as well as factors influencing the decision-making process. The study starts with reviewing the levels of environmental assessment; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA); noting that each level builds from its subsequent level in an attempt to constitute an additive cumulative benefit. This analysis is coupled with structured interviews and designed questionnaires for local planning professionals to investigate the external and internal factors affecting the application of environmental assessment systems in Egypt. This is developed into an interlacing scheme of a sort of continuous process that considers their application status, construction of systems, country laws, and technical aspects. A scoring evaluation matrix has been distributed among the same group of planning professionals to compare the current status and proposed framework of environmental assessment. Eventually, this qualitative investigation provides a novel approach for characterising the institutional background of environmental assessment in Egypt while exploring the interplay and progression between these successive levels of assessment, particularly for low and middle-income countries such as Egypt.


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