scholarly journals Predictors of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Amr ◽  
Elsayed Fayad
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Perioperative Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Abstract Background Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) increases morbidity and mortality after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The objective of the current study was to characterize patients with PMI after off-pump CABG and identify its predictors. Results We included 1181 patients who had off-pump CABG from 2010 to 2020; 59 patients (5%) had PMI. We compared patients with PMI to those without PMI. Patients with PMI were older (57 (25th–75th percentiles: 51–63) vs. 54 (48–60) years; P = 0.01) and had higher NYHA class (28 (47.46%) vs. 326 (29.06%): P = 0.01). The distal anastomosis time was longer in patients with PMI (28 (23–35) vs. 24 (16–30) min; P ˂ 0.001). Patients with PMI had higher postoperative low cardiac output (10 (18.18%) vs. 1 (0.1%): P ˂ 0.001), prolonged ventilation (12 (8–39) vs. 8 (6–10) h, P ˂ 0.001), ICU (71 (46–138) vs. 24 (23–42) h; P ˂ 0.001), and hospital stay (9 (6–15) vs. 7 (6–8) days; P ˂ 0.001). Mortality was significantly higher in patients with PMI (20 (33.9%) vs. 6 (0.53%); P ˂ 0.001). Older age (OR: 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01–1.1); P = 0.02), increased number of distal anastomoses (OR: 1.74 (95% CI: 1.20–2.50); P = 0.003), preoperative congestive heart failure (OR: 10.27 (95% CI: 2.58–40.95); P = 0.001), and thrombolysis within 24 h of surgery (OR: 15.34 (1.93–121.9); P = 0.01) were associated with increased PMI, while PMI was lower in male patients (OR: 0.42 (95% CI: 0.19–0.93); P = 0.03) and with higher body surface area (BSA) (OR: 0.08 (95% CI: 0.07–0.86); P = 0.04). Conclusions Post-off-pump CABG PMI was associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for PMI were older age, lower BSA, females, increased distal anastomoses, preoperative heart failure, and thrombolysis.

scholarly journals Perioperative Outcomes after On- and Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal G. Bakaeen ◽  
Danny Chu ◽  
Rosemary F. Kelly ◽  
William L. Holman ◽  
Michael E. Jessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Perioperative Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Although numerous reports describe the results of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at specialized centers and in select patient populations, it remains unclear how off-pump CABG affects real-world patient outcomes. We conducted a large, multicenter observational cohort study of perioperative death and morbidity in on-pump (ON) versus off-pump (OFF) CABG. We reviewed Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program data for all patients (N=65,097) who underwent isolated CABG from October 1997 through April 2011 (intention-to-treat data were available from 2005 onward). The primary outcome was perioperative (30-day or in-hospital) death; the secondary outcomes were perioperative stroke, dialysis dependence, reoperation for bleeding, mechanical circulatory support, myocardial infarction, ventilator support ≥48 hr, and mediastinitis. Propensity scores calculated from age, 17 preoperative risk factors, and year of surgery were used to match 8,911 OFF with 26,733 ON patients. In the complete cohort, compared with the ON patients (n=53,468), the OFF patients (n=11,629) had less perioperative death (2.02% vs 2.53%, P=0.0012) and lower incidences of all morbidities except perioperative myocardial infarction. In the matched cohort, perioperative death did not differ significantly between OFF and ON patients (1.94% vs 2.28%, P=0.06), but the OFF group had lower incidences of all morbidities except for perioperative myocardial infarction and mediastinitis. A subgroup intention-to-treat analysis yielded similar but smaller outcome differences between the ON and OFF groups. Off-pump CABG might be associated with decreased operative morbidity but did not affect operative death, compared with on-pump CABG. Future studies should examine the effect of off-pump CABG on long-term outcomes.

Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Stroke—Exploratory Analysis of the GOPCABE Trial and Methodological Considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (06) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zacher ◽  
Jochen Boergermann ◽  
Utz Kappert ◽  
Michael Hilker ◽  
Gloria Färber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) without cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump CABG) may reduce severe adverse events including stroke. Methods In the German Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Elderly patients trial, the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events was compared in 2,394 elderly (≥ 75 years) patients undergoing CABG with (on-pump) or without (off-pump) cardiopulmonary bypass. This exploratory post-hoc analysis investigated the impact of surgical aortic manipulation on the rate of stroke. Results There was no significant difference in the rate of stroke within 30 days after surgery between both groups (off-pump: 2.2%; on-pump: 2.7%; odds ratio [OR]: 0.83 [0.5–1.38]; p = 0.47). Within the off-pump group, different degrees of aortic manipulation did not lead to significant different stroke rates (tangential clamping: 2.3%; OR 0.86 [0.46–1.60]; clampless device: 1.8%; OR 0.67 [0.26–1.75]; no aortic manipulation: 2.4%; OR 0.88 [0.37–2.14]). An aggregate analysis including more than 10,000 patients out of the four recent major trials also yielded comparable stroke rates for on- and off-pump CABG (off-pump: 1.4%; on-pump: 1.7%; OR 0.87 [0.64–1.20]). Conclusion Within recent prospective randomized multicenter trials off-pump CABG did not result in lower stroke rates. The possible intrinsic benefit of off-pump CABG may be offset by the complexity of the operative therapy as well as the multiple pathomechanisms involved in perioperative stroke.

scholarly journals Haemodynamic assessment during off pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with ejection fraction ≥40% and it’s relation to myocardial ischaemia in early postoperative period

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4079
Author(s):  
Surendra Singh Yadav ◽  
Ushnish Chakrabarty ◽  
Swernendu Datta ◽  
Plaban Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background: Subtle haemodynamic alterations that happen during manipulation, displacement and mechanical stabilization of the heart in off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), may be missed if only conventional parameters like Central venous pressure (CVP); Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) are being monitored. In this study we have tried to find out if such alterations may be detected by monitoring cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume (SV) in addition to the conventional parameters.Methods: Over a period of one year (February 2014 to January 2015), 40 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥40%, undergoing off-pump CABG were monitored for the above parameters at baseline and while grafting the anterior, lateral and inferior surfaces of heart. Their quantitative Troponin-I values were also measured preoperatively and 24 hours after shifting to intensive therapy unit (ITU) to find out if the subtle haemodynamic compromises were in anyway related to myocardial injury.Results: CO, CI and SV decreased significantly compared to baseline values while grafting anterior, lateral and inferior surfaces of heart in every patient. MAP decreased significantly only while grafting the left circumflex territory. Only 8 patients showed an elevation of troponin-I value postoperatively (p>0.05).Conclusions: We concluded that during Off-pump CABG (OPCABG) there will be subtle alterations in haemodynamic. However, pharmacological interventions, addition of fluids and lowering head end of table based on the changes seen by the new monitoring parameters are more logically guided and becomes more scientific and objective rather than being just arbitrary decisions.

Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump inserted in acute myocardial infarction patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing surgical coronary revascularization

Perfusion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Feng Yang ◽  
Liangshan Wang ◽  
Dengbang Hou ◽  
Jinhong Wang ◽  
Xiaomeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Intra Aortic Balloon Pump ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Objectives: The benefit of preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump implantation in high-risk cardiac surgery patients is still debated. The role of preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump insertion in acute myocardial infarction patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of the preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump insertion in those patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: A total of 421 consecutive acute myocardial infarction patients without cardiogenic shock who underwent isolated off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in this retrospective observational propensity score–matched analysis study. Patients who received intra-aortic balloon pump before off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (the intra-aortic balloon pump group, n = 157) were compared with those who had not (control group, n = 264). The 30-day postoperative survival, postoperative complications, and postoperative hospital length of stay were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 99 pairs of patients were matched. The preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump did not show a 30-day postoperative survival benefit compared with the control group (hazard ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-4.2; p = 0.92). Patients with preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump were more likely to have shorter postoperative lengths of stay (8 (6-11) days vs. 10 (6-15) days, p = 0.02) and decreased total days in the hospital (median days: 18.2 vs. 21.8, p = 0.02) compared to patients without balloon pumps. Conclusion: Preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump insertion in acute myocardial infarction patients without cardiogenic shock undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting improved convalescence as shown by significantly shorter postoperative lengths of hospital stay.

scholarly journals Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting for Acute Myocardial Infarction

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 1303-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Takai ◽  
Junjiro Kobayashi ◽  
Osamu Tagusari ◽  
Ko Bando ◽  
Kazuo Niwaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Hemodynamic Effects of Levosimendan and Milrinone in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Chand Kishan Vyas ◽  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Neelu Sharma ◽  
Indu Verma ◽  
Anjum Saiyed
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Off Pump ◽  
Pump Cabg ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Background: Off-Pump CABG or “beating heart” surgery possess a challenge to the anesthesiologist. Main goals are provision of safe anesthesia with maximum myocardial protection and maintenance of hemodynamics with various manipulation of heart during in order to visualize and graft the coronary arteries. Anesthetic regimen and ionotropic support influences postoperative myocardial function and outcome in coronary bypass surgery patients.Objective:  To compare and assess haemodynamic effects of  Levosimendan and Milrinone in patient undergoing off pump coronary artery bypass grafting with compromised cardiac function (NYHA III,IV) and pre-operative, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 45%.Subjects and Methods:Patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups (64 patients in each group). Levosimendan Group (Group A) received infusion of Inj. Levosimendan 0.1µg/kg/min after loading dose of 12μg/kg over 10 mins. While Milrinone Group (Group B) received infusion of inj. Milrinone 0.5µg/kg/min after loading dose of 50 μg/kg over 10 mins. HR, MAP, CVP, CI, SVRI, lactate levels were  monitored at baseline, after induction, after sternotomy, at 30mins ,thereafter  6, 12, and 24 hours using Flo-Trac sensor (Edwards Life sciences).Results:Heart Rate, CI was significantly higher in Levosimendan group while MAP, SVRI and lactate levels were lower in Levosimendan group as compared to Milrinone group. Need of other inotropic support is more in Milrinone group.Conclusion:Levosimendan maintained the haemodynamic parameters better as compared to Milrinone in off pump CABG patients with low preoperative ejection fraction and also better end organ perfusion represented by lower lactate levels.

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