New technologies for respiratory assist

Perfusion ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Matheis
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Artificial Organ ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Artificial Hearts ◽  
Lung Failure ◽  
Artificial Lungs ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Development Paths

‘The artificial lung especially has lingered behind progress with artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices, not because the need for lungs has not been recognized, but because we have not had a full understanding of the engineering problems and the unique material requirements until recent years.’1 Brack Hattler, MD PhD The development from the first clinical use of haemo-dialysis over five decades ago to widespread chronic treatment took more than two decades. The histories of other artificial organ technologies, such as artificial hearts, follow similar long development paths. For five decades, due to a lack of technology, artificial lungs have been limited to use with a heart-lung machine for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The advent of pumpless biocompatible artificial lungs will open new treatment options for patients with acute or chronic lung failure.

Design Optimization of a Mechanical Heart Valve for Reducing Valve Thrombogenicity: A Case Study With ATS Valve

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Girdhar ◽  
Yared Alemu ◽  
Michalis Xenos ◽  
Jawaad Sheriff ◽  
Jolyon Jesty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valves ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valve ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices ◽  
Artificial Hearts

Flow past mechanical heart valves (MHV) in mechanical circulatory support devices including total artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices, is primarily implicated in thromboembolism due to non-physiological flow conditions where the elevated stresses and exposure times are sufficiently high to cause platelet activation and thrombus formation. Mitigation of this risk requires lifelong anticoagulation therapy and less thrombogenic MHV designs should therefore be developed by device manufacturers [1].

scholarly journals Driveline Infection in Ventricular Assist Devices and Its Implication in the Present Era of Destination Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 117906521771421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel A Hernandez ◽  
Jonatan D Nunez Breton ◽  
Sandra V Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Destination Therapy ◽  
Left Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Assist Devices ◽  
Bridge To Transplant ◽  
Innovative Therapy

Advances in mechanical circulatory support devices provided the technology to develop long-term, implantable left ventricular assist devices as bridge to transplant, destination therapy, and in a lesser group of patients, as bridge to recovery. Despite the benefits from this innovative therapy, with their increased use, many complications have been encountered, one of the most common being infections. With the driveline acting as a portal to the exterior environment, an infection involving this structure is the most frequent one. Because patients with destination therapy are expected to receive circulatory support for a longer period of time, we will focus this review on the risk factors, prevention, and treatment options for driveline infections.

Japanese Guidance for Ventricular Assist Devices/Total Artificial Hearts

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yamane ◽  
Shunei Kyo ◽  
Hikaru Matsuda ◽  
Yusuke Abe ◽  
Kou Imachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Assist Devices ◽  
Artificial Hearts

Heartbeats, Burdens, and Biofixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-296
Author(s):  
KELSEY GIPE
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Moral Status ◽  
Cardiac Pacemaker ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Withdrawal Of Treatment ◽  
Artificial Hearts ◽  
Dependent Patient ◽  
Moral Difference ◽  
Significant Point

AbstractThis paper addresses a dichotomy in the attitudes of some clinicians and bioethicists regarding whether there is a moral difference between deactivating a cardiac pacemaker in a highly dependent patient at the end of life, as opposed to standard cases of withdrawal of treatment. Although many clinicians hold that there is a difference, some bioethicists maintain that the two sorts of cases are morally equivalent. The author explores one potential morally significant point of difference between pacemakers and certain other life-sustaining treatments: specifically, that the former are biofixtures, which become part of the patient in a way that the latter do not. The concept of the pacemaker as biofixture grants pacemakers a unique moral status that gives reason to treat a pacemaker the same as other parts of the patient that are necessary to sustain life. The author employs this biofixture analysis to affirm the intuition that deactivating a pacemaker in a highly dependent patient at the end of life is, in moral terms, more analogous to active euthanasia than it is to standard cases of withdrawal of treatment. The paper concludes with consideration of potential implications for further implantable medical technologies, such as ventricular assist devices and total artificial hearts.

Ventricular Assist Devices in the ICU

ICU Director ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Ravi V. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Ventricular Assist Devices ◽  
Heart Failure Management ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Assist Devices ◽  
Artificial Hearts ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Mechanical Circulation ◽  
Management Issues

Since 2001, ventricular assist devices (VADs), total artificial hearts, and a growing number of devices have become increasingly more commonplace options to heart failure management and viable alternatives to heart transplantation. Cardiothoracic step-down and intensive care units will likely be managing more and more patients on mechanical circulation in the future. This review will briefly give an introduction to VAD function, types of VADs, the characteristics of VAD patients, and management issues in the ICU that may arise with these patients.

Symposium: Advances in Heart Failure Treatment From Mechanical Cardiac Support to Heart Transplant: A Guide for Sonographers

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
Rhonda Coleman ◽  
Lou Mitchell ◽  
Lenora Eberhart ◽  
David E. Langholz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ventricular Assist ◽  
Bridge To Transplant ◽  
Advanced Therapies ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Treatment Plans

Advances in cardiac sonography have made it an essential tool for physicians in detection, surveillance, and treatment of patients with advanced heart failure (HF). Echocardiographic examinations are often pivotal in assisting physicians develop treatment plans. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the HeartMate II (HMII) ventricular assist device (VAD) for bridge to transplant (BTT) in 2008. Since then, there has been the addition of many devices and treatment options for these patients. Sonographers and vascular technologists can be expected to encounter increasing numbers of long-term VAD patients in facilities with limited experience with these devices. Cardiac sonographers are in a key position to assist physicians in the care of these patients such that data generated assist with the selection of advanced therapies or as part of a patient’s follow-up care. This article provides a review of these new technologies along with practical considerations for sonographers.

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