Cardiac Effects of Different Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs

1976 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Burrows ◽  
J. Vohra ◽  
D. Hunt ◽  
J. G. Sloman ◽  
B. A. Scoggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Atrioventricular Conduction ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Cardiac Effects ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

SummaryThe effects of tricyclic antidepressants on the heart are reviewed. Statistically significant increases in heart rate and in atrioventricular conduction times were found following the administration of tricyclic drugs to 32 depressed patients. The method of His bundle electrocardiography was used to study atrioventricular conduction in ambulant patients and in patients admitted after an overdose of tricyclic antidepressant drugs. Distal conduction defects were frequently found in patients following tricyclic overdosage, but these were not seen with doxepin overdosage. Impaired distal conduction was also found in occasional patients on therapeutic doses of tricyclic drugs. Some animal experiments giving similar results to the above clinical findings are also described. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

On the Slowness of Action of Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs

1972 ◽  
Vol 120 (559) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Oswald ◽  
Vlasta Brezinova ◽  
D. L. F. Dunleavy
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs

It is widely believed that tricyclic antidepressants such as imipramine bring little benefit for ten days, that three or four weeks are needed to be sure, and that five or six weeks are needed to get the patient really back to health. Why should it take so long? Is it even true? If true it seems remarkable that such a challenge should have been largely ignored by theorists content to rest their arguments upon acute experiments with animals.

scholarly journals Development of Sodium Sulfate Induced Water Based Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction of Four Tricyclic Antidepressants in Urine Samples Prior to Their Determination by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Ali Mohebi ◽  
Mir Ali Farajzadeh ◽  
Abolghasem Jouyban ◽  
Mahboob Nemati ◽  
Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Background: Because of the narrow therapeutic range of tricyclic antidepressant drugs, their determination in biological samples is of great importance. In this work, a fast and environment friendly sample pretreatment method based on a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of four tricyclic antidepressants including nortriptyline, amitriptyline, desipramine, and clomipramine in urine prior to their determinations by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Methods: In the suggested method, an appropriate mixture of Na2SO4 solution (as phase separation agent and disperser) containing isopropanol (extraction solvent) is rapidly injected into an alkaline aqueous sample solution containing Na2SO4 and the analytes. As a result, a cloudy mixture is formed and the tiny droplets of the extractant containing the extracted analytes are collected on the surface of the aqueous phase after centrifuging. Finally, an aliquot of the collected organic phase is removed and injected into the separation system for the quantitative analysis. Results: Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 380–440 and 76–88%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the ranges of 11–24, and 41–75 ng/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the proposed method were ≤ 6.1% for intra– (n=6) and inter–day (n=4) precisions at a concentration of 100 ng/L of each analyte. Conclusion: The introduced method was satisfactorily utilized for the simultaneous determination of the selected tricyclic antidepressant drugs in the patient’s urine samples.

Neurochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Tianeptine, A Novel Antidepressant

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (S15) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Labrid ◽  
E. Mocaër ◽  
A. Kamoun
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
5 Ht Uptake

Tianeptine is a tricyclic antidepressant with an unusual chemical structure (a long lateral chain grafted on to a substituted dibenzothiazepin nucleus), and with biochemical and animal-behavioural properties which are strikingly different from those of classical tricyclics. Unlike the latter, which decrease serotonin (5-HT) uptake, acute and chronic tianeptine treatment enhances 5-HT uptake in rat brain and in rat and human platelets ex vivo. In vivo, tianeptine potentiates the depletion of rat brain 5-HT by 4-methyl-alpha-ethyl metatyramine and increases rat hippocampal 5-HIAA; 5-HT uptake inhibitors (e.g. fluoxetine) have opposite effects. On iontophoretic injection into CA1 pyramidal cells, tianeptine shortens the period of neuronal hypoactivity caused by GABA or 5-HT, whereas other tricyclics prolong it, and it enhances attention, learning, and memory in laboratory animals, while classical tricyclics have opposite effects. However, the relationships between these effects of tianeptine in animal experiments and their relevance to clinical findings remain to be determined.

Column deactivation in analysis for underivatized tricyclic antidepressants by gas chromatography with use of a nitrogen detector.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Vinet
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Glass Tube ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Deactivation Process ◽  
Nanogram Level

Abstract I describe deactivation treatment of the OV-17 chromatographic column to minimize adsorption of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on the solid support of the column. The procedure involves heat treatment at 399 degrees C under a low flow of nitrogen, with bleeding of OV-17 liquid phase from the injector tube into the column. The column is then conditioned with vapors of phenyldiethanolamine succinate, added to the carrier gas stream by bleeding from a coated injector glass tube. This deactivation process much improves the chromatographic performance of the column, allowing a sensitivity at the nanogram level with a nitrogen-sensitive detector. Determinations of tricyclic antidepressants in plasma with such a deactivated column results in a low CV and a linear calibration curve, reflecting the effectiveness of the deactivation.

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