Mitoxantrone, fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin: an effective, well-tolerated regimen for metastatic breast cancer.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1731-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Hainsworth ◽  
M B Andrews ◽  
D H Johnson ◽  
F A Greco
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Median Response ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
High Level

Between September 1988 and August 1990, we treated 35 women with metastatic breast cancer with a novel regimen containing mitoxantrone, fluorouracil (5-FU), and high-dose leucovorin. This regimen was designed to take full advantage of the favorable toxicity profiles of these agents while maintaining a high level of activity. All patients had received previous chemotherapy (adjuvant only, 15 patients; at least one metastatic regimen, 20 patients). Seven patients had received previous doxorubicin, but none within 6 months of study entry. Of 31 assessable patients, 20 (65%) had objective responses (two complete, 18 partial), with a median response duration of 6 months (range, 3 to 16+ months). Four patients with bone metastases (abnormal bone scan only) and pain were not considered assessable by strict response criteria; two of these patients had sustained symptomatic relief for 6 and 8 months, respectively. Myelosuppression was the most frequent toxicity but was mild in most patients; only four hospitalizations for fever and neutropenia were required (2% of courses). No severe thrombocytopenia occurred and no RBC transfusions were required. Alopecia, mucositis, and nausea/vomiting were uncommon and were not severe in any patient. The combination of mitoxantrone, 5-FU, and high-dose leucovorin is well tolerated and active as a first- or second-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer. Comparison with other standard regimens for breast cancer is indicated.

Phase II trial of docetaxel in advanced anthracycline-resistant or anthracenedione-resistant breast cancer.

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2879-2885 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Ravdin ◽  
H A Burris ◽  
G Cook ◽  
P Eisenberg ◽  
M Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Median Response ◽  
High Level

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of docetaxel in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) resistant to doxorubicin or mitoxantrone. PATIENTS AND METHODS Docetaxel 100 mg/m2 was administered as a 1-hour intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks to 42 patients registered at four centers. Patients must have received at least one but no more than two prior chemotherapy regimens for MBC (in addition to any prior adjuvant therapy). One of the regimens for metastatic breast cancer must have included an anthracycline or anthracenedione and the cancer must have progressed on that regimen. RESULTS Objective responses were seen in 20 of 35 assessable patients (three complete responses [CRs] and 17 partial responses [PRs]), for an objective response rate of 57% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39% to 74%) and in 21 of 42 registered patients (50% response rate [RR]; 95% CI, 34% to 66%) entered onto the trial. The median response duration was 28 weeks. The most common toxicity in this study was grade 4 neutropenia, which occurred in 95% of patients. Other clinically significant nonhematologic side effects included stomatitis, skin reactions, neurosensory changes, asthenia, and fluid retention. Patients who received dexamethasone premedication had a later onset of fluid retention than those who did not receive dexamethasone (onset at a median cumulative docetaxel dose of 503 mg/m2 and 291 mg/m2, respectively). CONCLUSION Docetaxel at this dose and schedule has a high level of antitumor activity in patients with treatment-refractory advanced breast cancer, and appears to be one of the most active agents for the treatment of this patient population.

Ninety-six-hour paclitaxel infusion after progression during short taxane exposure: a phase II pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study in metastatic breast cancer.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1877-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D Seidman ◽  
D Hochhauser ◽  
M Gollub ◽  
B Edelman ◽  
T J Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Secondary Resistance ◽  
Median Response

PURPOSE A phase II trial of paclitaxel infused over 96 hours in patients with metastatic breast cancer with demonstrated disease progression (PD) during short-infusion taxane treatment was performed to evaluate schedule-dependent activity with prolonged drug exposure. The tolerability of this strategy and its pharmacokinetic profile and pharmacodynamic correlates were also investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Paclitaxel was administered to 26 patients with metastatic breast cancer at 120 to 140 mg/m2 intravenously over 96 hours. Twenty-three patients had demonstrated PD while receiving prior 3-hour paclitaxel, two during 1-hour docetaxel, and one during infusions of docetaxel and then paclitaxel. Twenty-one patients (81%) had no prior response to the short taxane infusion (primary resistance) and five (19%) had prior partial responses (PRs) of brief duration before PD (secondary resistance). Plasma paclitaxel concentrations were assessed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. RESULTS After delivery of 195 cycles, seven of 26 assessable patients (26.9%; 95% confidence interval, 11.6% to 47.8%) had major objective responses, with a median response duration of 6 months (range, 1 to 13). The predominant toxicities were neutropenia (76% grade > or = 3) and stomatitis (15% grade > or = 3). Despite omission of premedications, no significant hypersensitivity reactions occurred. The median steady-state paclitaxel concentration (Css) in 23 assessable patients was 0.047 mumol/L (range, .023 to .176). Patients who experienced grade 4 neutropenia had significantly decreased paclitaxel clearance and higher Css than those with grade 1 to 3 neutropenia (P < .05). Pretreatment elevation of hepatic transaminases was associated with delayed clearance (P < .01) and increased myelo-suppression and mucosal toxicity. CONCLUSION Paclitaxel demonstrates activity against metastatic breast cancer when administered over 96 hours to patients with disease that recently had progressed during short taxane exposure. Delayed paclitaxel clearance and consequent increased toxicity occurred in patients with hepatic dysfunction. The activity observed supports preclinical data that suggest variability in efficacy and resistance patterns to paclitaxel based on duration of exposure.

Combination of paclitaxel and two schedules of gefitinib in patients with metastatic breast cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10599-10599 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cresta ◽  
A. Perotti ◽  
L. Merlini ◽  
M. Mansutti ◽  
A. Marchianã ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Sensory Neuropathy ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Skin Toxicity ◽  
Median Response ◽  
Grade 3

10599 Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may be overexpressed in breast cancer. Inhibition of EGFR signaling by gefitinib (Iressa) enhances the in vitro antitumor activity of many cytotoxic drugs including paclitaxel. Methods: In this phase II study patients (pts) with measurable metastatic breast cancer and maximum prior exposure to two chemotherapies were randomized to paclitaxel (100 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 q21) and continuous gefitinib, 250 mg daily for 21 days (arm A); or paclitaxel (100 mg/m2 on days 8, 15 q21) with gefitinib 250 mg daily from day 1 to 15 (arm B). Therapy continued for at least 4 cycles after best response. After 6 cycles, responding pts continued with gefitinib monotherapy until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: 16 pts in arm A and 17 in arm B were enrolled; 25 had visceral disease (12 in arm A and 13 in arm B). Median age was 53 years (range 29–70). All but one pt received prior anthracyclines and 9 also prior taxanes. Overall 17 pts responded to therapy (intent to treat analysis; arm A: 62.5%, 95% CI: 35.4–84.8%; arm B: 41.2%, 95% CI: 18.4–67.1%). Disease control (CR+PR+SD) was achieved in 81.3% of pts in arm A and 76.5% in arm B, with 10 and 6 pts who continued with gefitinib monotherapy after completing the combination schedule. Median time to progression was 250 (arm A) and 204 days (arm B), while median response duration was 212 (arm A) and 285 days (arm B). Tolerability was good with either schedule of gefitinib. Diarrhea was frequent (68.8% and 64.7%) and of grade 3–4 severity in 6% of pts in arm A and in arm B. Grade 3–4 neutropenia affected 6% and 12% of pts respectively, and 6% of pts in both arms had a grade 3–4 increase of AST and ALT. Other grade 1–2 adverse events included acneiform rash (100% in arm A and 58.8% in arm B), sensory neuropathy (68.8% and 58.8%), anemia (50.0% and 52.9%), neutropenia (25.0% and 17.6%) and myalgia (37.5% and 41.2%). Conclusions: The combination of paclitaxel with gefitinib given continuously or for 2 out of every 3 weeks is feasible and well tolerated. The discontinuous schedule caused less skin toxicity. The good antitumor activity deserves further studies to identify sensitive subgroups and mechanisms of sensitivity. IRESSA is a trademark of the AstraZeneca group of companies. [Table: see text]

Randomized Phase II Study of Two Irinotecan Schedules for Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer Refractory to an Anthracycline, a Taxane, or Both

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 2849-2855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith A. Perez ◽  
David W. Hillman ◽  
James A. Mailliard ◽  
James N. Ingle ◽  
J. Michael Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Median Overall Survival ◽  
Phase Ii Study ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Median Response

Purpose A pressing need exists for agents active against anthracycline- or taxane-refractory metastatic breast cancer (MBC), or both. Previous clinical trials suggested that irinotecan might have such activity. We conducted this multicenter phase II study to assess efficacy and tolerability of two irinotecan schedules. Patients and Methods MBC patients who experienced disease progression after one to three chemotherapy regimens, including at least one anthracycline- or taxane-based regimen, were randomly assigned to irinotecan in 6-week cycles comprising 100 mg/m2 weekly for 4 weeks, then a 2-week rest (weekly) or 240 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Results The weekly arm had 52 assessable patients; the every-3-weeks arm had 51 assessable patients. In the weekly arm, the objective response (complete regression [CR] + partial regression [PR]) rate was 23% (one CR, 11 PR; 95% CI, 13% to 37%). Median response duration was 4.9 months (range, 1.9 to 15.9 months), and median overall survival was 9.7 months (95% CI, 8.0 to 14.2 months). In the every-3-weeks arm, the objective response rate was 14% (nine PR; 95% CI, 6% to 26%), median response duration was 4.2 months (range, 3.1 to 13.9 months), and median overall survival was 8.6 months (95% CI, 7.0 to 12.3 months). Treatment generally was well tolerated, especially in the weekly arm. Grade 3 to 4 adverse events with ≥ 10% incidence included neutropenia (29%) and diarrhea (17%) in the weekly arm and neutropenia (36%), vomiting (20%), dyspnea (18%), nausea (16%), and diarrhea (12%) in the every-3-weeks arm. Conclusion Irinotecan is active with good tolerability in refractory MBC. Irinotecan (especially weekly) warrants additional study as monotherapy and in combination regimens in this setting.

Phase II study of receptor-enhanced chemosensitivity using recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2/neu monoclonal antibody plus cisplatin in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer refractory to chemotherapy treatment.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 2659-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Pegram ◽  
A Lipton ◽  
D F Hayes ◽  
B L Weber ◽  
J M Baselga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Minor Response ◽  
Median Response

PURPOSE To determine the toxicity, pharmacokinetics, response rate, and response duration of intravenous (i.v.) administration of recombinant, humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody (rhuMAb HER2) plus cisplatin (CDDP) in a phase II, open-label, multicenter clinical trial for patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study population consisted of extensively pretreated advanced breast cancer patients with HER2/neu overexpression and disease progression during standard chemotherapy. Patients received a loading dose of rhuMAb HER2 (250 mg i.v.) on day 0, followed by weekly doses of 100 mg i.v. for 9 weeks. Patients received CDDP (75 mg/m2) on days 1, 29, and 57. RESULTS Of 37 patients assessable for response, nine (24.3%) achieved a PR, nine (24.3%) had a minor response or stable disease, and disease progression occurred in 19 (51.3%). The median response duration was 5.3 months (range, 1.6-18). Grade III or IV toxicity was observed in 22 of 39 patients (56%). The toxicity profile reflected that expected from CDDP alone with the most common toxicities being cytopenias (n = 10), nausea/vomiting (n = 9), and asthenia (n = 5). Mean pharmacokinetic parameters of rhuMAb HER2 were unaltered by coadministration of CDDP. CONCLUSION The use of rhuMAb HER2 in combination with CDDP in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer results in objective clinical response rates higher than those reported previously for CDDP alone, or rhuMAb HER2 alone. In addition, the combination results in no apparent increase in toxicity. Finally, the pharmacology of rhuMAb HER2 was unaffected by coadministration with CDDP.

A phase II study of docetaxel in patients with paclitaxel-resistant metastatic breast cancer.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 3362-3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Valero ◽  
S E Jones ◽  
D D Von Hoff ◽  
D J Booser ◽  
R G Mennel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Median Response ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Clinically Significant

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel in patients with paclitaxel-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Docetaxel (100 mg/m2) was administered every 3 weeks to 46 patients registered at four centers. Patients had previously received < or = two chemotherapy regimens for MBC. All patients had progressive disease while receiving paclitaxel therapy. Treatment was repeated until there was evidence of disease progression or for a maximum of three cycles after best response. RESULTS Objective responses were seen in eight of 44 assessable patients (18.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.7% to 29.5%). Seven patients had partial responses and one patient responded completely. Response rates were not significantly different by previously received paclitaxel dose or resistance. No responses were seen in 12 patients who had previously received paclitaxel by 24-hour infusion, but the response rate in 32 patients who had received paclitaxel by 1- to 3-hour infusion was 25%. The median response duration was 29 weeks and the median time to disease progression was 10 weeks. Median survival was 10.5 months. Clinically significant (severe) adverse events included neutropenic fever (24% of patients), asthenia (22%), infection (13%), stomatitis (9%), neurosensory changes (7%), myalgia (7%), and diarrhea (7%). CONCLUSION Docetaxel is active in patients with paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer, particularly in those who failed to respond to brief infusions of paclitaxel. Response rates were comparable to or better than those seen with other therapies for patients with paclitaxel-resistant MBC. This confirms preclinical studies, which indicated only partial cross-resistance between paclitaxel and docetaxel.

Phase II study of mitoxantrone, leucovorin, and infusional fluorouracil for treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1736-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Jones ◽  
R G Mennel ◽  
B Brooks ◽  
M A Westrick ◽  
M A Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
New Combination ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Doxorubicin Treatment ◽  
Previously Treated Patients ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Dose Reductions

A new combination of mitoxantrone, folinic acid (leucovorin), and infusional fluorouracil (5-FU) was administered to 57 previously treated patients with metastatic breast cancer to evaluate the response rate, response duration, and toxicity of this regimen. Fifty-three patients who received 313 courses of therapy were assessable for response and toxicity. Median age was 48 years (range, 33 to 80 years), and the patients had received an average of 1.5 chemotherapy regimens before this study. Of 53 assessable patients, 24 (45%, or 42% of all entered patients) experienced partial responses (PRs) with a median duration of 6 months (range, 2 to 13 months). Nine (69%) of 13 assessable patients without prior doxorubicin treatment responded, compared with 15 (38%) of 40 with prior doxorubicin (P less than .05). Toxicity was generally mild with dose reductions necessitated more often by mucositis and/or diarrhea than by myelosuppression. One patient with prior high-dose doxorubicin treatment developed congestive heart failure. The combination of mitoxantrone, leucovorin, and infusional 5-FU is an active and well-tolerated regimen for metastatic breast cancer and deserves further evaluation in patients without prior doxorubicin therapy.

Phase III Double-Blind Trial of Arzoxifene Compared With Tamoxifen for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (31) ◽  
pp. 4967-4973 ◽  
Author(s):  
VijayaLaxmi Deshmane ◽  
S. Krishnamurthy ◽  
Allen S. Melemed ◽  
Patrick Peterson ◽  
Aman U. Buzdar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Median Response ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Time To Treatment Failure

Purpose To compare the efficacy of arzoxifene with tamoxifen for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Patients and Methods Women with estrogen- or progesterone-receptor–positive breast cancer who had not received prior systemic therapy, or who had relapsed more than 12 months after stopping adjuvant hormonal therapy, were randomly assigned to receive 20 mg arzoxifene or 20 mg tamoxifen daily. Each treatment arm was to have 240 patients enrolled. The primary end point was progression-free survival. Secondary end points included other measures of tumor response, overall survival, and safety. Results Enrollment was stopped when a planned interim analysis of the first 200 patients suggested arzoxifene to be significantly inferior to tamoxifen. The median progression-free survival for the 352 patients who had been randomly assigned when enrollment was stopped was 4.0 months (95% CI, 3.4 to 5.6 months) for the arzoxifene group and 7.5 months (95% CI, 5.9 to 8.8 months) for the tamoxifen group. On-study progression-free survival (P = .011) and time to treatment failure (P = .029) also favored tamoxifen. Overall tumor response rate and median response duration were comparable between the groups. Adverse events were similar between the treatments, except for nausea (more frequent with arzoxifene) and vaginal discharge (more frequent with tamoxifen). Conclusion Tamoxifen produced significantly longer progression-free survival and time to treatment failure compared with arzoxifene in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer. There were no significant differences between tumor response rate, clinical benefit rate, or median response duration.

Dose-Response Trial of Megestrol Acetate in Advanced Breast Cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Phase III Study 8741

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Abrams ◽  
Joseph Aisner ◽  
Constance Cirrincione ◽  
Donald A. Berry ◽  
Hyman B. Muss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Megestrol Acetate ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
High Dose

PURPOSE: To investigate whether dose escalation of megestrol acetate (MA) improves response rate and survival in comparison with standard doses of MA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred sixty-eight patients with metastatic breast cancer, positive and/or unknown estrogen and progesterone receptors, zero or one prior trial of hormonal therapy, and no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease were prospectively randomized into three groups. The groups of patients received either MA 160 mg/d (one tablet per day), MA 800 mg/d (five tablets per day), or MA 1,600 mg/d (10 tablets per day). RESULTS: Patient characteristics were well balanced in the three treatment groups. Three hundred sixty-six patients received treatment and were included in the analyses. The response rates were 23%, 27%, and 27% for the 160-mg, 800-mg, and 1,600-mg arms, respectively. Response duration correlated inversely with dose. Median durations of response were 17 months, 14 months, and 8 months for the 160-mg, 800-mg, and 1,600-mg arms, respectively. No significant differences in the treatment arms were noted for time to disease progression or for survival; survival medians were 28 months (low dose), 24 months (mid dose) and 29 months (high dose). The most frequent and troublesome toxicity, weight gain, was dose-related, with approximately 20% of patients on the two higher-dose arms reporting weight gain of more than 20% of their prestudy weight, compared with only 2% in the 160-mg dose arm. CONCLUSION: With a median follow-up of 8 years, these results demonstrate no advantage for dose escalation of MA in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.

Paclitaxel with mitoxantrone, fluorouracil, and high-dose leucovorin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer: a phase II trial.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1611-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Hainsworth ◽  
S E Jones ◽  
R G Mennel ◽  
J L Blum ◽  
F A Greco
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Combination Regimen ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Median Response ◽  
Combination Regimens

PURPOSE Paclitaxel is a highly active single agent in the treatment of breast cancer. However, its optimal incorporation into combination regimens awaits definition. In this phase II study, we added paclitaxel, administered by 1-hour infusion, to a previously described combination regimen that included mitoxantrone, fluorouracil (5-FU), and high-dose leucovorin (NFL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-six patients with metastatic breast cancer received the following regimen as first- or second-line treatment: paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 by 1-hour intravenous (i.v.) infusion on day 1, mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2 by i.v. bolus on day 1, 5-FU 350 mg2/m by i.v. bolus on days 1, 2, and 3, and leucovorin 300 mg i.v. over 30 to 60 minutes immediately preceding 5-FU on days 1, 2, and 3. Courses were administered at 3-week intervals for a total of eight courses in responding patients. RESULTS Twenty-three of 45 assessable patients (51%) had major responses. Previous chemotherapy, and in particular previous treatment with doxorubicin, did not affect response rate. The median response duration was 7.5 months. Myelosuppression was moderately severe, with 76% of courses resulting in grade 3 or 4 leukopenia. Hospitalization for treatment of fever during neutropenia was required in 13% of courses, and two patients died as a result of sepsis. Two patients developed severe congestive heart failure after a large cumulative anthracycline dose. CONCLUSION This combination regimen was active as first- or second-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer, although its activity compared with other combination regimens or with paclitaxel alone is unclear. Myelosuppression was more severe than anticipated based on previous results with the NFL regimen or with paclitaxel administered at this dose and schedule as a single agent. The infrequent development of cardiotoxicity in these patients suggests that the paclitaxel/mitoxantrone combination may not share the problems previously reported with the paclitaxel/doxorubicin combination.

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