Acute toxicity to the skin and mucosa of radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy in combination with cetuximab or chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer
e17007 Background: To evaluate acute toxicity of the skin and mucosa in patients with head and neck cancer who received Radiotherapy alone (RT) or in combination with cetuximab (IRT) or chemotherapy (CRT). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 204 patients with head and neck cancer, treated between 2006 and 2008. RT was combined with cetuximab (n = 57), or with platinum-based chemotherapy (n = 99), 48 patients received RT alone. We included 149 male and 55 female patients with a median age of 62 years (range 22–92). Median radiation dose was 66 Gy (range 26.4–71.6Gy). 126 patients received intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), 78 patients had conventional RT. Toxicity was assessed according to CTCAE Version 3.0. Results: Median follow-up was 9 months (range 1–34). Acute grade 3 toxicity of the skin was observed in 26% of IRT, 0% of RT, and 7% of CRT patients. Typical appearance of grade 3 skin toxicity in IRT was a massive confluent epitheliolysis of the RT field. Grade 3 mucositis appeared in 21% of IRT-, 12.5% of RT-, and 16% of CRT-patients. Rates of skin toxicity grade 3 were 8% in patients with IMRT and 15% in patients with conventional RT. Grade 3 mucositis was seen in 22% of the IMRT-patients and 8% of the patients with conventional RT. Cetuximab did not lead to a higher rate of RT interruptions as compared to RT and CRT. Early intervention and supportive care in case of high grade toxicity was performed for all patients. 8 weeks after RT all patients showed recovery from toxicity. Conclusions: Higher toxicity to the skin and to the mucosa occurred in the IRT group, and seems to be a specific side effect in the treatment of head and neck cancer patients with concomitant cetuximab and RT. But severity of toxicity may also be influenced by other factors such as RT technique. IRT patients need close observation and early intervention in case of therapy induced toxicity in order to prevent RT interruption, which might limit the advantage of cetuximab. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate outcome and late toxicity of the different treatment groups. [Table: see text]