Biomarkers to predict immune-related adverse events with checkpoint inhibitors.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (8_suppl) ◽  
pp. 131-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Head ◽  
Nicholas Gorden ◽  
Robert Van Gulick ◽  
Carol M. Amato ◽  
Ashley Frazer-Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Ifn Alpha ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

131 Background: Immune-related adverse events (IRAE) occur commonly with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for the treatment of cancer, although the specific event and severity can vary widely. Little is known regarding factors that may predict which patients will develop an IRAE. The goal of this study is to identify blood biomarkers predictive of IRAE associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Methods: Blood samples collected from patients with melanoma prior to receiving therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors were obtained from the University of Colorado Skin Cancer Biorepository. Testing for a panel of autoantibodies and cytokines (ANA, CCP 3.1, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IP-10, MCP-1, TNF alpha, IFN alpha 2, IFN gamma) in serum samples from patients who had at least one documented IRAE was performed by Exsera BioLabs. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate biomarker levels in relation to type, grade, and number of adverse events. Results: Pre-treatment samples from 45 patients were evaluated. Median age was 55; 26 were male and 19 were female. The most common IRAEs were colitis (n = 22), thyroid dysfunction (n = 21), and dermatitis (n = 20). Most IRAEs were grade 2 in severity, and the majority of patients (n = 36) experienced more than 1 IRAE. TNF alpha was elevated in 60% of patient samples, while IFN alpha 2 was elevated in 44%. Borderline ANA was detected in 27% of samples and ANA was positive in 11%. No samples had elevation of IL-2. Between 9% and 18% of samples had elevation of the other immune markers tested (IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and CCP 3.1). Elevation of TNF alpha and IFN alpha 2 were associated with higher grades of IRAEs. No associations between immune markers and the number or type of adverse events in an individual patient were noted. Results from 15 patients who did not have a documented IRAE on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy are currently pending to confirm these findings are unique to patients developing IRAE. Conclusions: This preliminary data suggests that baseline elevations of TNF alpha and IFN alpha 2 may predict development of IRAEs with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Results from samples from patients who did not develop an IRAE on therapy will be reported at the meeting.

scholarly journals Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Patients With Preexisting Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 576-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzah Abu-Sbeih ◽  
David M. Faleck ◽  
Biagio Ricciuti ◽  
Robin B. Mendelsohn ◽  
Abdul R. Naqash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

PURPOSE The risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy–related GI adverse events in patients with cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been well described. We characterized GI adverse events in patients with underlying IBD who received immune checkpoint inhibitors. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a multicenter, retrospective study of patients with documented IBD who received immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy between January 2010 and February 2019. Backward selection and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to assess risk of GI adverse events. RESULTS Of the 102 included patients, 17 received therapy targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, and 85 received monotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1 or its ligand. Half of the patients had Crohn’s disease, and half had ulcerative colitis. The median time from last active IBD episode to immunotherapy initiation was 5 years (interquartile range, 3-12 years). Forty-three patients were not receiving treatment of IBD. GI adverse events occurred in 42 patients (41%) after a median of 62 days (interquartile range, 33-123 days), a rate higher than that among similar patients without underlying IBD who were treated at centers participating in the study (11%; P < .001). GI events among patients with IBD included grade 3 or 4 diarrhea in 21 patients (21%). Four patients experienced colonic perforation, 2 of whom required surgery. No GI adverse event–related deaths were recorded. Anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 therapy was associated with increased risk of GI adverse events on univariable but not multivariable analysis (odds ratio, 3.19; 95% CI, 1.8 to 9.48; P = .037; and odds ratio, 4.72; 95% CI, 0.95 to 23.53; P = .058, respectively). CONCLUSION Preexisting IBD increases the risk of severe GI adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

scholarly journals Immune‐Related Hematologic Adverse Events in the Context of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine N. Saliba ◽  
Zhuoer Xie ◽  
Alexandra S. Higgins ◽  
Xavier A. Andrade‐Gonzalez ◽  
Harry E. Fuentes‐Bayne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Systemic Treatment of Cutaneous Adverse Events After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Dermatitis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria M. Brown ◽  
Wylie Masterson ◽  
Jonathan Lo ◽  
Anisha B. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Peritoneal melanosis associated with metastatic melanoma previously treated with targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238235
Author(s):  
Kwang Kiat Sim ◽  
Katie Connell ◽  
Mayank Bhandari ◽  
David Paton
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Tumour Regression ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Previously Treated

Peritoneal melanosis is an uncommon benign condition, the pathophysiology of which is unclear. Macroscopically, it appears as diffuse dark brown or black pigmentation within the peritoneum, mimicking more sinister conditions such as metastatic melanoma. It has been described in a variety of contexts, but only exceedingly rarely in association with metastatic melanoma, with only two previous published case reports. We present a case of peritoneal melanosis associated with metastatic melanoma involving the spleen, previously treated with targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. With increasing reports of melanoma regression manifesting as cutaneous tumorous melanosis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, we postulate that, similarly, immunotherapy and tumour regression might have a role to play in the pathogenesis of the peritoneal pigmentation in this case.

scholarly journals Diagnosis, monitoring, and management of adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.F. Khan ◽  
J. Monzon
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICIT) is now standard of care for a variety of cancers in both the metastatic and adjuvant settings. As a result, it is imperative to understand the timing, epidemiology, monitoring, diagnosis, and management of immune related adverse events (irAEs) associated with ICIT. This article reviews specific irAEs by organ system, consolidating recommendations from multiple guidelines and incorporating data from case reports to highlight additional evolving therapeutic options for patients. Managing these adverse events requires early recognition, early intervention, and education of both patients and the multidisciplinary health care team. Given the durable responses observed with ICIT, and the irreversible nature associated with some of these irAEs, further research into management of the sequelae of ICIT is required.

scholarly journals 1-25OH2D Mediated Hypercalcemia Secondary to DISR From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A169-A170
Author(s):  
Domenic Disanti ◽  
Alissa Marr ◽  
Whitney Sears Goldner
Keyword(s):  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Humoral Hypercalcemia Of Malignancy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

Abstract Background: Drug induced sarcoid like reactions (DISR) have recently been described as a potential consequence of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, hypercalcemia associated with DISR has not been reported. Clinical Case: A 72 year old male presented with metastatic melanoma. He initiated therapy with Ipilimumab/Nivolumab (Ipi/Nivo). Three weeks after his first cycle he developed symptomatic hypercalcemia (calcium 14.4 mg/dL), and acute kidney injury (creatinine 3.45mg/dL), PTH 12 pg/mL, 25OHD 51, and PTHrp 0.5. He received IV fluids and IV bisphosphonates and calcium normalized to 9.1 mg/dL and creatinine 1.85 mg/dL. His Ipi/Nivo were stopped due to concern for neurotoxicity. He subsequently switched to Q3week Pembrolizumab (Pembro) and after 2 infusions, he again developed hypercalcemia (calcium 11.8 mg/dL). FDG PET demonstrated a complete radiographic response. Labs showed a 1,25OH2D of 103 pg/mL (reference range 19.9–79.3 pg/mL), PTH of 4 pg/mL and calcium of 11.4 mg/dL. He was treated with prednisone 20 mg QD. After 9 days on prednisone, 1,25OH2D was 26 pg/mL and calcium 9.4 mg/dL. He took prednisone for 3 weeks total. Repeat labs off prednisone for one week were 1,25OH2D of 38 pg/mL and calcium 9.1 mg/dL. He continued on Pembro. After being off steroids for 5 weeks, he developed body aches and swelling of the hands. 1,25OH2D increased to 100 pg/mL and calcium to 10 mg/dL. He restarted prednisone and stopped Pembro. Labs one month later showed a 1,25OH2D of 45 pg/dL while still on prednisone 10 mg qd and a normal calcium in the mid 9’s. Follow up FDG PET showed hypermetabolic bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy not seen on previous imaging. Ultrasound-guided lymph node biopsy revealed granulomatous lymphadenitis. He was diagnosed with DISR, secondary to immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. He continues on prednisone 10 mg per day and calcium and 1,25OH2D levels have remained normal. Conclusion: This is the first case of 1,25OH2D mediated hypercalcemia as a consequence of DISR induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Hypercalcemia in the setting of malignancy is more commonly due to humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy from PTHrp or bone metastasis, but DISR needs to be a consideration in persons with hypercalcemia on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, with elevated 1,25OH2D levels and low PTH and PTHrp levels.

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