Barriers to and Facilitators of Recruitment of Adult African American Men for Colorectal Cancer Research: An Instrumental Exploratory Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. e686-e694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Rogers ◽  
Phung Matthews ◽  
Ellen Brooks ◽  
Nathan Le Duc ◽  
Chasity Washington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Culturally Tailored ◽  
Marketing Materials ◽  
Research Studies

PURPOSE: Racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in research and clinical trials. Better understanding of the components of effective minority recruitment into research studies is critical to understanding and reducing health disparities. Research on recruitment strategies for cancer-specific research—including colorectal cancer (CRC)—among African American men is particularly limited. We present an instrumental exploratory case study examining successful and unsuccessful strategies for recruiting African American men into focus groups centered on identifying barriers to and facilitators of CRC screening completion. METHODS: The parent qualitative study was designed to explore the social determinants of CRC screening uptake among African American men 45-75 years of age. Recruitment procedures made use of community-based participatory research strategies combined with built community relationships, including the use of trusted community members, culturally tailored marketing materials, and incentives. RESULTS: Community involvement and culturally tailored marketing materials facilitated recruitment. Barriers to recruitment included limited access to public spaces, transportation difficulties, and medical mistrust leading to reluctance to participate. CONCLUSION: The use of strategies such as prioritizing community relationship building, partnering with community leaders and gatekeepers, and using culturally tailored marketing materials can successfully overcome barriers to the recruitment of African American men into medical research studies. To improve participation and recruitment rates among racial and ethnic minorities in cancer-focused research studies, future researchers and clinical trial investigators should aim to broaden recruitment, strengthen community ties, offer incentives, and use multifaceted approaches to address specific deterrents such as medical mistrust and economic barriers.

scholarly journals Medical Mistrust, Racism, and Delays in Preventive Health Screening Among African-American Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wizdom Powell ◽  
Jennifer Richmond ◽  
Dinushika Mohottige ◽  
Irene Yen ◽  
Allison Joslyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Preventive Health Screening

scholarly journals Masculinity, Medical Mistrust, and Preventive Health Services Delays Among Community-Dwelling African-American Men

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1300-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wizdom Powell Hammond ◽  
Derrick Matthews ◽  
Dinushika Mohottige ◽  
Amma Agyemang ◽  
Giselle Corbie-Smith
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Health Services ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Preventive Health Services ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Medical Mistrust

scholarly journals Study protocol for developing #CuttingCRC: a barbershop-based trial on masculinity barriers to care and colorectal cancer screening uptake among African-American men using an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e030000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R Rogers ◽  
Kola Okuyemi ◽  
Electra D Paskett ◽  
Roland J Thorpe ◽  
Tiana N Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Barriers To Care ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Study Results

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is preventable, as screening leads to the identification and removal of precancerous polyps. African-American men consistently have the highest CRC mortality rates, and their CRC-screening uptake remains low for complex reasons. Culture-specific masculinity barriers to care may contribute to the low uptake among African-American men. Examining these barriers to care is vital as CRC screening may challenge cultural role expectations of African-American men, whose tendency is to delay help-seeking medical care. Barbershops provide a pathway for reaching African-American men with masculinity barriers to care who are not regularly receiving healthcare services and CRC screening. This study aims to develop and pilot test a theory-driven, culture-specific, barbershop-based intervention targeting masculinity barriers to care and CRC-screening uptake among African-American men ages 45–75.Methods and analysisGuided by the theory of planned behaviour and the behaviour change wheel, we will use a multistage mixed-methods study design, beginning with an exploratory sequential approach to validate items for subsequent use in a pilot mixed-methods intervention. First, we will collect and analyse qualitative data from focus groups, cognitive interviews and expert item review to validate and test a culture-specific Masculinity Barriers to Care Scale (MBCS) among African-American men. Next, we will administer the MBCS to our target population as an online quantitative survey and evaluate the association between scores and CRC-screening uptake. Then, we will consider existing evidence-based approaches, our integrated results (qualitative +quantitative), and community input to design a culture-specific, behavioural intervention aimed at increasing CRC-screening uptake among African-American men and feasible for barbershop delivery. We will test the peer intervention in a pilot study with a two-arm cluster randomised design (six barbershops, randomised by site) to reduce contamination and account for barbershop culture differences. Our primary outcomes for the pilot are recruitment, sample size estimation, preliminary efficacy and acceptability.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the University of Utah Institutional Review Board (00113679), who will also be responsible for receiving communication updates regarding important protocol modifications. To ensure confidentiality, data dispersed to project team members will be blinded of any identifying participant information. Study results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals, community dialogue sessions, and presentations at conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT03733197(Pre-results);https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03733197

scholarly journals Impact of a Culturally Tailored Education Intervention for African-American and Appalachian Men in Ohio

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn Dougherty ◽  
James L. Fisher ◽  
Toyin Adeyanju ◽  
Electra Paskett
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
African American Men ◽  
College Education ◽  
Culturally Tailored ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Underserved Groups

AbstractMen, particularly those of underserved groups, bear a disproportionate cancer burden. Knowledge about cancer and screening is associated with adherence to screening guidelines. However it is possible that a correlation exists between an individual’s education attainment and ability to gain knowledge from health education. Men were recruited from Ohio counties with significant cancer disparities and asked to participate in three education sessions. Measures included a baseline survey collecting demographic information and pre- and post-intervention knowledge assessments about each of the topics. Paired t tests were used to determine whether there were statistically significant changes in mean scores after the intervention. Repeated measures of variance (ANOVA) conducted through generalized linear models (GLM) were used to determine if scores varied significantly by educational attainment. Appalachian men, regardless of level of educational attainment, had significant increases in knowledge for all topics. African American men with at least some college education demonstrated significant increases in knowledge for all three topics, while those with no college education had significant increases for only two topics. College education had a significant effect on scores for one topic among the Appalachian men and all three topics among the African American men. The interaction between change in score and higher educational attainment was significant for only one topic among Appalachian men and no topics among African American men. Higher educational attainment was associated with greater increases in knowledge scores for only one topic among Appalachian men and no topics among African American men. Culturally tailored health educational interventions are a promising approach to reducing disparities in cancer screening and outcomes among men of underserved groups. While all groups demonstrated increases in mean knowledge scores after participating in the educational intervention, there was not a significant association between educational attainment and increases in knowledge scores. Future research is needed to explore additional approaches to delivering health education and increasing the knowledge of men with lower levels of educational attainment.

scholarly journals Being Better Than My Dad

SAGE Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401769716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seanna Leath
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
African American Fathers ◽  
Intergenerational Change ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Present Case Study

Fatherhood is a turning point in the life of many men, but for men who lacked a father figure while growing up, the birth of a child may be the catalyst for a fresh start. Researchers have called for qualitative investigations into African American fathers’ parenting beliefs and practices that consider their social contexts within the broader research discourse on parenthood. Such investigations can inform the way we frame African American fathers in research, thereby improving theoretical suggestions for better supporting Black men in their roles as caretakers. The present case study details the experiences of a young African American man, Tron, who was participating in a larger church-based intervention program focused on strengthening father–child relationships among African American families. Findings highlight how Tron’s story serves as a positive counternarrative against the prevailing negative stereotype of African American men as absentee parents. Thematic coding analysis revealed several major themes, and the current article focuses on Tron’s decisions to transform his experience growing up without a father into a dedicated resolve to remain actively present in his son’s life, a process that the author refers to as “intergenerational change.” Finally, this case study helps to mitigate the dearth of positive research on African American fathers by challenging deficit-based research narratives.

Engaging African American parents: insights from a cultural arts after school program

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Brand ◽  
Mary Alice Barksdale ◽  
Tamara Wallace ◽  
Yolanda Latrice Avent
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Question ◽  
After School ◽  
African American Parents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Challenges ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Field Notes

Purpose Literature indicates African American parents can feel real or perceived discrimination that strains their interactions with teachers, resulting in them feeling alienated from their children’s school. Design/methodology/approach This is an exploratory case study of two African American parents, who although guarded in their relationships with teachers, exposed their vulnerabilities to Project ESTEEM faculty as they requested support in resolving behavioral and academic challenges with their children. It is an exploratory case study in that the field notes were taken prior to defining the research question, positioning it as research that sets the stage for a future more comprehensive study. The researchers, as participant observers recorded field notes of events and interactions that occurred. The research question was, “What were the factors that influenced the relationships between the Project ESTEEM faculty and African American Parents? The subquestions were “What were the distinctions of alienation that challenged the parents’ relationships in the schools? and "How were the factors that challenged the parents’ relationships with teachers mitigated in Project ESTEEM faculty’s relationships with the parents?” A constant comparative method was used beginning with open coding, followed by identifying patterns, themes and subthemes reflecting the specific needs of the parents in relationship to the overall theme. Findings The stories highlight sociocultural contexts influencing the alienation of some African American parents in their children’s education through an analysis of the relationships fostered with Project ESTEEM faculty. Research limitations/implications This case study reports the experiences of two parents from one community and school, participating in a specialized program. Originality/value The significance resides in the representation of alternate viewpoints in understanding the alienation experiences of African American parents from schools.

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