Insurance and Risk Transfer Strategies

Football organizations have been facing various challenges in Kenya ranging from management problems and event security threats which have been addressed in various continents. However limited has been done to address these challenges in Kenya. Triple bottom line (TBL) measures are critical to any organization and paramount for successful planning and organizing of sports events in today’s world. The link between risk management strategies and TBL measures of football events seems to be unclear in Kenya. The study therefore sought to investigate the risk transfer strategies employed by the Footbal events in Kenya. The study hypothesized that the risk transfer strategies do not significantly affect TBL of football events in Nairobi, Kenya. The target population was 882 football stakeholders that comprised Federation of Kenya Football (FKF) organizers, Kenya Premier League (KPL) organizers, officiators, footballers and cheer leaders/fans out of which 268 formed the sample size. Instruments for collecting data included self-administered questionnaires, interview schedules and observation check list. Ten (10) managers of sports management bodies and administrative bodies were interviewed. The study employed both descriptive and explanatory research designs. Simple random sampling and stratified sampling techniques were used to select respondents to participate in the study. Data was analyzed using both descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (linear multiple regression). The study, therefore, recommends the need for football organizations to invest in risk control measures such as providing security in entry and exit points as well as insurance covers for both participants and spectators in order to transfer risks and attain TBL of football events. In addition sports management bodies need to sensitize football stakeholders on various risks that arise in football events. The findings from this study may benefit the Ministry of Sports, Culture and Arts, Football organizing bodies such as Federation of Kenya Football, Kenya Premier League and other football stakeholders in formulation of policies aimed at managing and minimizing risks of football events.

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Risk Transferin Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative Procurement Documents:The Differencebetween The United Kingdom and Malaysia

Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research ◽

10.24191/jeeir.v4i4.9101 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Nooriha Abdullah ◽

Darinka Asenova ◽

Stephen J. Bailey

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Public Procurement ◽

Research Question ◽

Public Private Partnership ◽

Private Finance Initiative ◽

Private Partnership ◽

Risk Transfer ◽

Private Finance ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Uk

The aim of this paper is to analyse the risk transfer issue in Public Private Partnership/Private Finance Initiative (PPP/PFI) procurement documents in the United Kingdom (UK) and Malaysia. It utilises qualitative research methods using documentation and interviews for data collection. The UK documents (guidelines and contracts) identify the risks related to this form of public procurement of services and makeexplicittheappropriateallocation of those risks between the public and the private sector PPP/PFI partners and so the types of risks each party should bear. However, in Malaysia, such allocation of risks was not mentioned in PPP/PFI guidelines. Hence, a question arises regarding whether risk transfer exists in Malaysian PPP/PFI projects, whether in contracts or by other means. This research question is the rationale for the comparative analysis ofdocumentsand practicesrelatingtorisk transfer in the PPP/PFI procurements in both countries. The results clarify risk-related issues that arise in implementing PPP/PFI procurement in Malaysia, in particular how risk is conceptualised, recognised and allocated (whether explicitly or implicitly), whether or not that allocation is intended to achieve optimum risk transfer, and so the implications forachievement ofvalue for moneyor other such objectivesinPPP/PFI.

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The A.R.T. of Risk Management: Alternative Risk Transfer, Capital Structure, and the Convergence of Insurance and Capital Markets (a review)

Financial Analysts Journal ◽

10.2469/faj.v59.n1.2507 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 107-108

Author(s):

Mark S. Rzepczynski

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Capital Structure ◽

Capital Markets ◽

Risk Transfer ◽

Alternative Risk Transfer ◽

Management Alternative ◽

Transfer Capital

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Refining embryo transfer strategies after PGD for translocations using comprehensive chromosome testing

10.26226/morressier.5912d9eed462b802923864ed ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Edith Coonen

Keyword(s):

Embryo Transfer ◽

Transfer Strategies

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Nerve graft versus nerve transfer for neonatal brachial plexus: shoulder outcomes

Journal of Neurosurgery Pediatrics ◽

10.3171/2020.6.peds2027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 87-92

Author(s):

Brandon W. Smith ◽

Kate W. C. Chang ◽

Sravanthi Koduri ◽

Lynda J. S. Yang

Keyword(s):

Brachial Plexus ◽

Clinical Data ◽

External Rotation ◽

Nerve Transfer ◽

Shoulder Function ◽

Nerve Transfers ◽

Shoulder Flexion ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Transfer Strategies ◽

Shoulder External Rotation

OBJECTIVEThe decision-making in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) treatment continues to have many areas in need of clarification. Graft repair was the gold standard until the introduction of nerve transfer strategies. Currently, there is conflicting evidence regarding outcomes in patients with nerve grafts versus nerve transfers in relation to shoulder function. The objective of this study was to further define the outcomes for reconstruction strategies in NBPP with a specific focus on the shoulder.METHODSA cohort of patients with NBPP and surgical repairs from a single center were reviewed. Demographic and standard clinical data, including imaging and electrodiagnostics, were gathered from a clinical database. Clinical data from physical therapy evaluations, including active and passive range of motion, were examined. Statistical analysis was performed on the available data.RESULTSForty-five patients met the inclusion criteria for this study, 19 with graft repair and 26 with nerve transfers. There were no significant differences in demographics between the two groups. Understandably, there were no patients in the nerve grafting group with preganglionic lesions, resulting in a difference in lesion type between the cohorts. There were no differences in preoperative shoulder function between the cohorts. Both groups reached statistically significant improvements in shoulder flexion and shoulder abduction. The nerve transfer group experienced a significant improvement in shoulder external rotation, from −78° to −28° (p = 0.0001), whereas a significant difference was not reached in the graft group. When compared between groups, there appeared to be a trend favoring nerve transfer in shoulder external rotation, with the graft patients improving by 17° and the transfer patients improving by 49° (p = 0.07).CONCLUSIONSIn NBPP, patients with shoulder weakness experience statistically significant improvements in shoulder flexion and abduction after graft repair or nerve transfer, and patients with nerve transfers additionally experience significant improvement in external rotation. With regard to shoulder external rotation, there appear to be some data supporting the use of nerve transfers.

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