Prevention, Reclamation and Management of Acid and Acid Sulphate Soils

Results from the biogeochemical mapping (roots of aquatic plants and Fontinalis antipyretica) conducted by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) reflects the metal load of surface waters draining acid sulphate (AS) soils in Sweden. In this study, results from the biogeochemical, soil geochemical and Quaternary mapping programmes at SGU were used to investigate the impact of fine-grained deposits hosting AS soils on stream water trace element chemistry in two separate areas. In the area around Lake Mälaren, postglacial sediments contain the highest levels of most trace elements studied. Owing to the low pH of AS soils and subsequent leaching, levels of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), sulphur (S), yttrium (Y), uranium (U), tungsten (W), and molybdenum (Mo) were significantly elevated in aquatic roots. Levels were lower in the Skellefteå area, which may be explained by lower concentrations in source deposits. Concentrations of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) were normal or impoverished in biogeochemical samples from postglacial, finegrained sediment areas. Maps based on ratios (Ni:Pb or Y:Pb) in biogeochemical samples can, together with results from Quaternary mapping, be used to predict areas with AS soils in Sweden.;

Download Full-text

A comparison of nitrogen and carbon reserves in acid sulphate and non acid sulphate soils in western Finland

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/1459606054224174 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. PAASONEN-KIVEKÄS ◽

M. YLI-HALLA

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Level ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Density Field ◽

Mineral N ◽

Total N ◽

N Retention ◽

Acid Sulphate ◽

Agricultural Catchments ◽

Acid Sulphate Soils ◽

C And N

Previous studies suggest that nitrogen (N) loads from acid sulphate soil (AS soil) catchments in Finland are higher than those from other agricultural catchments. This study seeks to explain this difference by measuring carbon (C) and N profiles in both an AS soil and a neighbouring non AS soil. In Lapua, western Finland, two adjacent fields (Dystric Cambisols), subjected to similar agricultural practices, were analysed to the depth of 240 cm for pH, total C (Ctot), total N (Ntot), NH4 +-N, NO3 --N, sulphur and bulk density. Field A, an AS soil, contained sulfidic materials and 0.9% Ctot below 170 cm, while Field B, not an AS soil, had 0.3% Ctot in the subsoil and no sulfides. In these soils, the groundwater level declined below 200 cm in summer, subjecting the subsoil to oxidation. This study revealed large stocks of Ctot, Ntot, and mineral N in the subsoil, particularly in the AS soil. At 20240 cm, Field A contained 292 tons of Ctot ha-1 and 25 tons of Ntot ha-1, while Field B had 152 tons of Ctot ha-1 and 11 tons of Ntot ha-1. Field A contained up to 435 kg of mineral N ha-1 in autumn, while in Field B there was only up to 137 kg of mineral N ha-1. In Field A, NH4 +-N dominated strongly, while NO3 --N dominated in Field B. It is suggested that the greater concentration of mineral N in the AS soil is due to 1) a greater stock of total (mineralizable) N and 2) the slower rate of nitrification resulting in substantial NH4 +-N retention on cation exchange sites.;

Download Full-text

Supplementary material to "Enrichment of trace metals from acid sulphate soils in sediments of the Kvarken Archipelago, eastern Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea"

10.5194/bg-2020-231-supplement ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joonas J. Virtasalo ◽

Peter Österholm ◽

Aarno T. Kotilainen ◽

Mats E. Åström

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Acid Sulphate ◽

Acid Sulphate Soils ◽

Gulf Of Bothnia ◽

Supplementary Material

Download Full-text

The effect of biofertilizer, chicken manure and dolomite on chemical soil and the growth of soybean at potential acid sulphate soils

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/782/4/042035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 782 (4) ◽

pp. 042035

Author(s):

K S Lubis ◽

H Hanum ◽

G Aulia

Keyword(s):

Chicken Manure ◽

Acid Sulphate ◽

Acid Sulphate Soils ◽

Chemical Soil ◽

Potential Acid

Download Full-text

Metal concentrations in oats (Avena sativa L.) grown on acid sulphate soils

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.2137/145960609788066843 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. FÄLTMARSCH ◽

P. ÖSTERHOLM ◽

M. GREGER

Keyword(s):

Avena Sativa ◽

Plant Uptake ◽

Soil Chemistry ◽

Soil Profiles ◽

Acid Sulphate ◽

Acid Sulphate Soils ◽

Large Pool ◽

Edta Solution ◽

The Impact ◽

Uptake Mechanisms

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of soil chemistry on the concentrations of Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe in oats (Avena sativa L. cv. Fiia) grown on Finnish acid sulphate (AS) soils with varying geochemical characteristics. Twenty two soil profiles, which were sampled to a depth of 1 m (five 20 cm section splits), and 26 composite oat grain samples were collected on a total of five fields. The concentrations of Co, Ni, Zn and Mn in the grains were correlated with the NH4Ac-EDTA-extractable concentrations in the soils. However, as these four chalcophilic metals are in general easily lost to drains and not retained as a large pool in the soil in easily-extractable form, also the concentrations in the oats were not in general elevated as compared with average values on other soils. On one of the fields, however, the Co and Ni concentrations in the soil, and thus also in the oats, were clearly elevated. Copper and Fe displayed no correlation between the soil and oat concentrations, indicating that the plant-uptake mechanisms are much more important than variations in geochemistry. It was suggested that the NH4Ac-EDTA solution was not efficient in extracting Fe and Cu, which shows that these metals are bound in relatively immobile oxyhydroxides.;

Download Full-text