Closing yield gaps for small- and medium-scale oil palm producers: improving cultivation practices Research Center – Cenipalma, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Lamhot P. Manalu

Cocoa is commodities third largest foreign exchange earner after oil palm and rubber. In 2012 production totaled 833 310 tonnes of cocoa with an average growth of 1.56%. There are two major challenges in the development of the national cocoa industry, the increase in quantity (production and productivity) and quality. To support these efforts the role of research and development is needed to ensure that the procedures adopted are appropriate and fit. This study aims to study the role of research and development and other supporting factors in addressing the problems of the national cocoa. The study is in the form of survey respondents which are R&D institutes, universities and cocoa processing industry. The results show that there is a problem of national cocoa industry in all aspects, here the cultivation aspect is the biggest problem. The next aspects are mentoring, institutional, business scale, quality, policy, processing of intermediate products and processing of downstream products. The study also shows that there is still a lot of research results that can not be utilized by the cocoa industry, the rest has to be applied even if but only for a small scale so that the less significant. In the small and medium scale of cocoa enterprises, the equipment used is generally low capacity so inefficient. ABSTRAKKakao merupakan komoditas perkebunan penghasil devisa terbesar ketiga setelah kelapa sawit dan karet. Pada tahun 2012 produksi kakao tercatat sebesar 833.310 ton dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan sebesar 1,56%. Ada dua tantangan utama dalam pengembangan industri kakao nasional yaitu peningkatan kuantitas (produksi dan produktifitas) dan kualitas. Untuk mendukung usaha tersebut peran riset dan pengembangan (risetbang) sangat dibutuhkan untuk memastikan prosedur yang diterapkan sudah tepat dan sesuai.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari peran risetbang serta faktor pendukung lainnya dalam menjawab permasalahan kakao nasional. Studi ini berupa hasil survey terhadap responden (pelaku risetbang kakao) yaitu lembaga penelitian dan pengembangan, universitas serta industri pengolahan kakao. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan industri kakao nasional terdapat pada semua aspek, dimana aspek budidaya merupakan permasalahan terbesar. Aspek berikutnya adalah penyuluhan, kelembagaan, skala usaha, mutu, kebijakan, pengolahan produk antara dan pengolahan produk hilir. Studi juga menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak hasil riset yang tidak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh industri kakao skala besar, sisanya walaupun telah bersifat aplikatif tetapi hanya untuk skala kecil sehingga kurang signifikan. Pada industri usaha skala kecil dan menengah umumnya peralatan yang digunakan berkapasitas rendah sehingga tidak efisien.


2017 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 57-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotte S. Woittiez ◽  
Mark T. van Wijk ◽  
Maja Slingerland ◽  
Meine van Noordwijk ◽  
Ken E. Giller

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afif Ariffin ◽  
Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood ◽  
Ramizi Mohamed ◽  
Mohd Tusirin Mohd Nor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Martha Coleman ◽  
Daniel Odei Okyere

<p class="ber"><span lang="EN-GB">Business finance has been a major problem facing most businesses, both the small and large companies as well as the medium ones. Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) are no exceptions of the problems faced by businesses. These enterprises are mostly managed by low income earners. Some of these enterprises cannot grow into large companies because of lack of funds. The objectives of the study are to identify the various forms of funds available to SMEs in the oil palm producing sector of the Ahanta West District of the Western Region of Ghana, find out the funds that have been actually accessed by oil palm producers in the Ahanta West District, and identify some other means of financing the oil palm production. The study revealed that majority of oil palm producers in the Ahanta West District finance their operation with personal savings and have not accessed any loan from the banks.<strong></strong></span></p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afif Ariffin ◽  
Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood ◽  
Ramizi Mohamed ◽  
Mohd Tusirin Mohd Nor

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ruiz A. ◽  
Eloina Mesa F. ◽  
Mauricio Mosquera M. ◽  
Juan Carlos Barrientos F.

This study builds on the results from a previous study (Ruiz, 2017), aimed to identify and quantify yield gaps in a sample of lots from small and medium scale producers, all suppliers of the same mill. The technical staff from the mill provides technical assistance to the aforementioned growers. This study was aimed at identifying what technological factors are associated with such gaps. Regarding the methodological approach, first, it was used the technology balance index (TBI) in order to quantify technology adoption. The TBI allows for rating technology adoption at oil palm crops by considering five processes (which comprehend 25 cropping practices). The processes evaluated are establishment, weeding and pruning, fertilizing, pests control and harvesting. The TBI assigns a category for each practice: high if it is fully adopted, intermediate if it is partially adopted and low if it is not adopted at all. Secondly, in order to determine those practices affecting yield gaps; we used a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). MCA allowed to synthesize data into two dimensions with 51% of the variability given by the data gathered (qualification of the adoption of 25 crop management practices). Thirdly, we used cluster analysis in order to group lots according to adoption of technology. Then we related the obtained groups with the yield records. MCA results indicated that proper establishment, harvest and nutrition practices are the ones causing most of the variability in terms of technology adoption. The groups resulting from CA, provided evidence that a greater adoption of technology, leads greater yields (i.e. smaller yield gaps).


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koko Tampubolon ◽  
Edison Purba ◽  
Diana Sofia Hanafiah ◽  
Mohammad Basyuni

<p>Eleusine indica populations on oil palm plantations in Deli Serdang Regency have not been reported to be resistant to glyphosate. This study was aimed to report distribution and resistance classification of E. indica population on oil palm plantations in Deli Serdang Regency. The research was conducted on Weed Research Center in Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from October 2016 until August 2017. This research used Randomized Block Design with recommended dose at 720 g a.i.ha-1 of glyphosate and three replications. Population ESU0 (from Politeknik Negeri Medan Ball Field) as a comparison. Data on average survival, mortality, dry weight, resistance classification of E. indica were analyzeds using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 software. The results showed that there were 12 E. indica populations classified as glyphosate-resistant (56.52%), 7 glyphosate-resistant developing (30.43%), and 4 populations classified as glyphosate-susceptible (13.04%) with the recommended dose at 720 g a.i.ha-1 from oil palm plantations in Deli Serdang Regency.</p>


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