downdraft gasifier
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2022 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Miguel Mendonça ◽  
Victor Mantilla ◽  
João Patela ◽  
Valter Silva ◽  
Fernanda Resende

This paper addresses the design, development and experimental tests of a prototype of fuel gas generation system based on biomass gasification for small-scale applications, around 5 kW. It comprises the small scale downdraft gasifier and the gas cleaning system aiming to clean-up the producer gas to be used in the upstream Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). The design of the downdraft gasifier prototype follows the methodologies that have been reported on the available literature. However, since these methodologies apply to gasifiers with larger rated powers, the adopted methodology is based on the extrapolation of the main parameters used for larger gasifiers design. For runing the ICE the producer gas requires to have a specific gas composition with an acceptable range of impurities. Therefore, a clean-up system was proposed following three stages: in first instance a hot gas clean-up using a cyclone designed to eliminate particles and compounds; then a heat exchanger was used for cooling the gas to condensate tars and water; finally a cold gas clean-up is performed by filtration using two filter steps: the first one using organic material (biomass) and the second one using a polypropylene cartridge filter. Experimental tests were performed using the developed imbert downdraft gasifier prototype, using pellets as feedstock. The preliminary results allow verifying several drawbacks that will difficult an effective integration of the developed prototype for small scale power generation applications based on ICE using low density feedstock.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Mykola Tregub ◽  
Anna Holubenko ◽  
Nataliya Tsyvenkova

The relevance of the study is conditioned upon the need to develop and implement structural and technological solutions to improve the efficiency of the chemical and thermal conversion of biomass into combustible gas. Within the framework of the above, the authors of this paper have designed a downdraft gasifier running on plant biomass. The presented research links the heat quantity received from the utilisation of syngas produced during the gasifier operation cycle with the parameters of the gas blow regime and the physico-chemical properties of biomass. For an in-depth study of the influence of the gas blow regime on the yield and calorific value of syngas produced from biomass, the authors introduce the concept of the blow coverage quality coefficient. This coefficient describes the quality of the cross-section coverage of the gasification chamber neck with gas currents of the tuyere zone. The purpose of this study is to establish the influence of the blow coverage quality coefficient, the volume of blow gases and the void ratio of the bulk biomass layer on the heat quantity received from syngas produced during the gasifier operation cycle. A multi-factor experiment was planned and performed, which relates the dependent factor to variables, and the corresponding response surfaces were constructed. The research findings are that the maximum value of the heat quantity received from the utilisation of syngas produced during the one-hour gasifier operation cycle was 519 MJ. This value is achieved with 0.8 blow coverage quality coefficient and a blow gas volume of 47.4 m3/h and 46.75% void ratio of the bulk biomass layer. The measurement results are highly consistent with the calculated data. The coefficient of determination was R2=0.983. The practical value of this study is to substantiate the rational design and technological parameters of the downdraft biomass gasifier operation, which will increase the efficiency of biomass energy production. The findings presented in this study can be used both to design new gasifiers and to improve the efficiency of the available ones


Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 121297
Author(s):  
A. Zachl ◽  
M. Buchmayr ◽  
J. Gruber ◽  
A. Anca-Couce ◽  
R. Scharler ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-616
Author(s):  
Ilesanmi Daniyan ◽  
Felix Ale ◽  
Ikenna Damian Uchegbu ◽  
Kazeem Bello ◽  
Momoh Osazele

In recent time, due to the increasing demand for energy and the need to address environment-related issues, a great deal of focus has been given to alternative sources of energy, which are green, sustainable and safe. This work considers the process optimization and performance evaluation of a downdraft gasifier, suitable for energy generation using wood biomass. The assessment of the performance of the downdraft gasifier was based on the amount of output energy generated as well as the emission characteristics of the output. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed for the determination of the optimum range of the process parameters that will yield the optimum conversion of the biomass to energy. The optimum process parameters that produced the highest rate of conversion of biomass to energy (2.55 Nm3/kg) during the physical experiments were: temperature (1000 °C), particle size (6.0 mm) and residence time (35 min). The produced gas indicated an appreciable generation of methane gas (10.04 % vol.), but with a significant amount of CO (19.20 % vol.) and CO2 (22.68 % vol.). From the numerical results obtained, the gas yield was observed to increase from 1.86908 Nm3/kg to 2.40324 Nm3/kg as the temperature increased from 800 °C to 1200 °C. The obtained results indicate the feasibility for the production of combustible gases from the developed system using wood chips. It is envisaged that the findings of this work will assist in the development of an alternative and renewable energy source in an effort to meet the growing energy requirements.


Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Lanh ◽  
Nguyen Huy Bich ◽  
Bui Ngoc Hung ◽  
Nguyen Nam Quyen
Keyword(s):  

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122279
Author(s):  
A. Zachl ◽  
M. Buchmayr ◽  
J. Gruber ◽  
A. Anca-Couce ◽  
R. Scharler ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Susastriawan ◽  
Yuli Purwanto ◽  
Purnomo Purnomo ◽  
Kade Vindo ◽  
Adi Hariyanto

The work aims to investigate an effect of spray configuration and adsorbent material on performance of wet scrubber in removing tar gravimetric in producer gas. The scrubber is installed at small scale downdraft gasifier-engine system and the tests are conducted in two sections. Firstly, the scrubber is tested using water adsorbent at various spray flow configurations to the producer gas flow (cross flow, counter flow, mixed flow). Secondly, the scrubber is tested using adsorbent of cooking oil and waste of engine lubricant at cross flow spray configuration. The performance of the scrubber investigated are temperature profile, log mean temperature difference, heat transfer rate, and tar removal effectiveness. For spray configuration test, the result shows that cross spray configuration (CrS) has the optimum performance. The CsS scrubber has the highest LMTD, heat transfer rate, and tar removal efficiency among others. The values are 29.8°C, 7.84 kW, and 0.43, accordingly. Meanwhile, the test using different adsorbent indicates adsorption property of the adsorbent plays an important rules in tar removal effectiveness of the scrubber. The removal effectiveness of the scrubber for using adsorbent of water, cooking oil, and engine lubricant are 0.43, 0.12, and 0.60, respectively.


Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 300 ◽  
pp. 120976
Author(s):  
Karim Rabea ◽  
Ayman I. Bakry ◽  
A. Khalil ◽  
Magda K. El-Fakharany ◽  
Mahmoud Kadous

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