screen. Chemicals which are shown to be mutagenic in Phase I assays progress to Phase II. In addition, a certain number of chemicals giving negative results in Phase I are committed also to further testing in Phase II, based primarily on known biological activity of structurally related compounds, and on estimated levels of human exposure. Chemicals which are positive mutagens in Phase progress to Phase III. III. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S (WHO) INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER (IARC) IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans In the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) initiated a program of evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans. "The objective of the program to elaborate and publish in the form of monographs, critical reviews of data on carcinogenicity for groups of chemicals to which humans are known to be exposed, to evaluate these data in terms of human risk . . . and to indicate where additional research efforts are needed." The IARC Monographs are recognized an authoritative source of information on the carcinogenicity of environmental chemicals. The first users' survey, made in 1976, indicates that the monographs are consulted routinely by various agencies in 24 countries. IV. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA) A List of Substances Which May Be Candidates for Further Scientific Review and Possible Identification, Classification and Regulation Potential Occupational Carcinogens. Publication of this list by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration the first action taken in following the "Cancer Standard" procedures promulgated by OSHA in January, 1980.

1994 ◽  
pp. 17-17
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Safety And Health

The use of an odour wheel classification for the evaluation of human health risk criteria for compost facilities

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.E. Rosenfeld ◽  
J.J.J. Clark ◽  
A.R. Hensley ◽  
I.H. Suffet
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Human Odour

Odorants are released during the decomposition of organic waste at compost treatment plants. Composting releases volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), including alcohols, aldehydes, volatile fatty acids, ammonia and other nitrogen compounds, xenobiotic solvents, and various sulphur compounds into the environment as categorised by a compost odor wheel. Each odorant possesses a characteristic odour signature – quality and threshold as well as a toxicity value. This paper presents data relating the human odour detection limit to human health threshold criteria developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the United States Environmental Protection Agency Region 9 and the World Health Organisation. This comparison indicates that: (1) the human odour threshold concentrations (OTC) for most compost odorants are far lower than their respective human health risk (regulatory) threshold values, (2) several compost odorants have OTC that are below some of their respective regulatory thresholds and above others (i.e. dimethyl amine, formic acid acetone, ethyl benzene and toluene) and (3) only the VOCs probably present as contaminants in the raw composting material have OTC greater than all of its regulatory thresholds (i.e. benzene). Benzene is the most hazardous VOC associated with composting and should be monitored.

scholarly journals Descripción de la jerarquía de controles frente al peligro químico, por exposición a compuestos orgánicos volátiles generados por procesos de pintura en el sector industrial

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Maria Ortiz Vásquez ◽  
Carlos Giovanny Rincón Cuervo
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Safety And Health

<p>En los procesos de pintura de las industrias automotriz, metalmecánica, transformaciónde madera y construcción se utilizan varias sustancias químicas generadorasde compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV), las cuales producen efectos adversos enla salud humana y están relacionadas con el grado de toxicidad del agente químicoy del tiempo de exposición. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la jerarquía decontroles existentes frente al peligro químico, por exposición a COV en las industriasmencionadas, con el fin de orientar a las partes interesadas en la implementación demedidas en el ambiente de trabajo y en el individuo, que lleven a un manejo seguro yque permita mitigar los efectos adversos derivados del uso de los COV. La metodologíase fundamentó en recopilar y analizar la información existente en higiene industrialy salud en el trabajo de organizaciones como American Conference of Industrial Hygienists,National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Occupational Safetyand Health Administration, International Agency for Research on Cancer, AmericanNational Standards Institute, entre otras. Como resultado, se identificaron 107 sustanciasquímicas como las principales componentes de los productos usados en losprocesos de pintura, de los cuales 59 son COV, 12 están en los incluidos dentro delos grupos 1 y 2 de la International Agency for Research on Cancer, 24 cuentan convalor límite permisible por debajo de 100 partes por millón y 19 se encuentran sobredicho valor; por ello se requieren controles de sustitución, ingeniería e intervencionesde tipo administrativo.</p>

Analysis of workplace compliance measurements of asbestos by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (1984–2011)

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dallas M. Cowan ◽  
Thales J. Cheng ◽  
Matthew Ground ◽  
Jennifer Sahmel ◽  
Allysha Varughese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The U.S

Eula Bingham—Experience Bares “The Real World” and Smart Politics Saves Lives

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Mary Lee Dunn ◽  
Polly Hoppin ◽  
Beth Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Professional Life ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future

Eula Bingham, toxicologist and former head of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, is now at that place in her professional life where she can look back over her long career and identify its turning points and evaluate what worked and what didn't, what was important and what of lesser significance. In two interviews, she also looks at the present and the future and expresses concerns about the way we live now.

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