Disease Exposure

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Keyword(s):  
Disease Exposure

scholarly journals OCCURRENCE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEPATITIS C IN A WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZON STATE

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel de Deus VIEIRA ◽  
Cledson Gonçalves VENTURA ◽  
Camila Maciel de SOUSA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The One ◽  
Disease Exposure

Context Hepatitis C causes a major impact on public health due to the high prevalence in the population. Objectives Evaluate the epidemiological data of hepatitis C in the State of Rondônia, Brazil. Methods Data from hepatitis C were analyzed during the period 2002 to 2012, assigned by the Agency for Sanitary Vigilance of the State of Rondônia. The variables studied were: year of diagnosis, gender, age, associated disease, exposure to risk factors and clinical presentation. Results Eight hundred fifty-nine cases were reported during the study period. Of this total, 542 (63.1%) cases were male. In relation to age group, the one with the highest number of cases was between 40-59 years (54%), followed by 20-39 years (33.5%). In relation to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) association, 1.8% of patients had HIV and 2.1% other type of sexually transmitted disease. About exposure to risk factors, 288 (28.1%) individuals were exposed to a surgical procedure. Was also analyzed the clinical form of the disease, 9.9% are in acute disease and 91.1% in the chronic phase. Conclusions In the State of Rondônia, hepatitis C had a mean annual incidence of 5.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants, similar to the national rate.

Reduction of Lyme disease exposure by recognition and avoidance of high-risk areas

The Lancet ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 349 (9066) ◽  
pp. 1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E Schutzer ◽  
Tom Brown ◽  
Bart K Holland
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Disease Exposure

scholarly journals Evidence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in domestic cats living with owners with a history of COVID-19 in Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis M. Jara ◽  
Cusi Ferradas ◽  
Francesca Schiaffino ◽  
Camila Sanchez-Carrion ◽  
Ana Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Receptor Binding Domain ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Viral Reservoirs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Disease Exposure

SARS-CoV-2 can infect a variety of wild and domestic animals worldwide. Of these, domestic cats are highly susceptible species and potential viral reservoirs. As such, it is important to investigate disease exposure in areas with active community transmission and high disease prevalence. In this report we demonstrate the presence of serum neutralizing antibodies against the receptor binding-domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 in cats whose owners had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Lima, Peru, using a commercial competitive ELISA SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test. Out of 41 samples, 17.1% (7/41) and 31.7% (13/41) were positive, using the cut-off inhibition value of 30% and 20%, respectively. Not all cats living in a single house had detectable neutralizing antibodies showing that heterogenous exposure and immune among cohabiting animals. This is the first report of SARS-COV-2 exposure of domestic cats in Lima, Peru. Further studies are required to ascertain the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 exposure among domestic cats of Lima, Peru.

scholarly journals Relatedness and genetic structure of big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus) maternity colonies in an urban-wildland interface provides insight into rabies transmission dynamics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith M. Walker ◽  
Colin J. Sobek ◽  
Camille E. Platts-McPharlin ◽  
Carol L. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Eptesicus Fuscus ◽  
Geographic Mobility ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Urocyon Cinereoargenteus ◽  
Disease Exposure

AbstractBig brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) are the bat species most frequently found to be rabid in North America and are a key source of sylvatic rabies in wildlife. Females can form summer maternity colonies in urban areas, often using access holes in the exterior of buildings to roost in relatively large numbers. In Flagstaff, Arizona, these roosts are commonly found in houses adjacent to golf courses, where habitat quality (food, water, shelter) is high for bats and for mesocarnivores such as striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) and gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Periodic rabies outbreaks in Flagstaff involving all three of these mammals are primarily caused by an E. fuscus variant of the disease. However, little is known about E. fuscus social behavior during the summer months and how it may drive space use and hence disease exposure to conspecifics and mesocarnivores. To address this knowledge gap, we collected 88 unique genetic samples via buccal swabs from E. fuscus captured at four maternity roosts surrounding a golf course during summer of 2013. We used 7 microsatellite loci to estimate genetic relatedness among individuals and genetic structure within and among colonies in order to infer whether females selected roosts based on kinship, and used genetics and radio telemetry to determine the frequency of roost switching. We found roost switching through genetics (two mother and adult daughter pairs at the same and different roosts) and telemetry, and no evidence of elevated genetic relatedness within colonies or genetic structure between colonies. These results have important implications for disease transmission dynamics in that social cohesion based on relatedness does not act to constrain the virus to a particular roost area. Instead, geographic mobility may increase disease exposure to neighboring areas. We discuss mitigating actions for bat conservation and public health.

Pneumothorax During CPR Training: Case Report and Review of the CPR Literature

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Sullivan ◽  
Daniel Avstreih
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychomotor Skill ◽  
Nursing Assistant ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Cpr Training ◽  
Disease Exposure ◽  
Training Case

AbstractCardiopulmonary resuscitation is taught widely to both lay persons and health care oworkers. It is a challenging psychomotor skill. Concerns about its safety to the rescuer have centered around the risk of infectious disease exposure. A young nursing assistant developed a minimally symptomatic pneumothorax during CPR training. This case is the first reported example of this complication for a CPR trainee or provider. The literature is reviewed for complications for CPR provider and recipient and the relevant issues regarding the current status and future direction of this intervention.

scholarly journals Use of environmental sites by mule deer: a proxy for relative risk of chronic wasting disease exposure and transmission

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Fernanda Mejía‐Salazar ◽  
Cheryl L. Waldner ◽  
Yeen Ten Hwang ◽  
Trent K. Bollinger
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Disease Exposure
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