scholarly journals Prokineticins (Endocrine Gland-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and BV8) in the Bovine Ovary: Expression and Role as Mitogens and Survival Factors for Corpus Luteum-Derived Endothelial Cells

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 3950-3958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kisliouk ◽  
Helena Podlovni ◽  
Katharina Spanel-Borowski ◽  
Oded Ovadia ◽  
Qun-Yong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Serum Starvation ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Steroidogenic Cell ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract A highly vascular endocrine gland, the corpus luteum (CL) is an excellent model for the study of angiogenic factors. Prokineticins (PK-1 and -2), also termed endocrine-gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and BV8 are newly identified proteins described as selective angiogenic mitogens. We previously identified PK binding sites, two closely homologous G protein-coupled receptors (PK-R1 and PK-R2) in human and bovine ovarian cells, but their function remained unknown. In this study we examined the presence and effects of PK in CL-derived endothelial and steroidogenic cell types (LEC and LSC, respectively). PK-1 mRNA was identified in CL and follicles by real-time PCR, using primers specific for the bovine PK-1 sequence (retrieved from Bos taurus whole genome shotgun database). PK were potent angiogenic mitogens for LEC; they enhanced cell proliferation, elevated [3H]thymidine incorporation, MAPK activation, and c-jun/fos mRNA expression. The effects of PK proteins on cell survival were examined by nuclear morphology (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining), measurement of DNA fragmentation (terminal dUTP nucleotide end labeling assay), and caspase-3 cleavage. Results obtained by these techniques demonstrated that PK protected LEC from serum starvation-induced apoptosis. Stress conditions such as serum withdrawal, TNF-α, and hypoxia markedly increased PK-R2 expression, whereas mRNA levels of PK-R1 remained unchanged. These suggest that the antiapoptotic effect of PK-1 on LEC may be mediated via PK-R2. PK-1 increased VEGF mRNA expression by LSC, implying that it could also indirectly, via VEGF, affect luteal angiogenesis. Together, these findings suggest an important role for PK-1 in luteal function by acting as a mitogen and survival factor in LEC.

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial growth factor increases messenger RNAs encoding cyclooxygenase-II and membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase in rat luteal cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sakurai ◽  
K Tamura ◽  
H Kogo
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vegf Mrna ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Mrna Expression

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to be necessary for the vascularization of the developing corpus luteum. Our recent data suggested that cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) may play a role in the formation of vascular plexuses in developing corpora lutea of the rat. Here we examined the relationship between VEGF and the expression of prostaglandin (PG)- metabolizing enzymes in rat ovarian luteal cells. VEGF treatment caused a dose-dependent increase in the expression of COX-II and membrane-associated PGE synthase (mPGES) mRNA in cultured rat luteal cells. However, pretreatment of the luteal cells with a selective COX-II inhibitor, NS-398, abolished the VEGF-enhanced mPGES mRNA expression. VEGF also increased PGE2 secretion. Conversely, PGE2 dose-dependently stimulated VEGF mRNA expression. Furthermore, VEGF induced VEGF mRNA expression, but this effect was abolished by NS-398 pretreatment. These findings suggest that VEGF enhances PGE2 production by stimulating COX-II and mPGES expression in rat corpus luteum and that the effect of VEGF on luteal cells may be partially mediated by this stimulation of PGE2 production.

scholarly journals Localization and Quantification of Cyclic Changes in the Expression of Endocrine Gland Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Human Corpus Luteum

2005 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish M. Fraser ◽  
Julie Bell ◽  
Helen Wilson ◽  
Paul D. Taylor ◽  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vegf Mrna ◽  
Prokineticin 2 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Human Corpus Luteum

Abstract Angiogenesis is essential for normal growth and function of the corpus luteum. The roles of various angiogenic factors in these events are being elucidated. Endocrine gland vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) has recently been described in the human ovary. To define the localization of EG-VEGF mRNA in the corpus luteum and determine changes in its expression, dated human corpora lutea were studied at the early, mid-, and late luteal phases. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to determine changes in EG-VEGF mRNA and compare expression to its related factor prokineticin-2 and the established angiogenic factor, VEGF. In situ hybridization was used to localize sites of production of EG-VEGF. To investigate whether expression of EG-VEGF was under the influence of LH or progesterone, luteinized granulosa cells were stimulated with human chorionic gonadotropin in the presence or absence of a progesterone synthesis inhibitor. EG-VEGF mRNA increased throughout the luteal phase, whereas there was no change in VEGF mRNA. The relative abundance of RNAs based upon PCR signal intensity showed that VEGF and EG-VEGF were highly expressed, whereas expression of prokineticin-2 was low. EG-VEGF mRNA was localized predominantly to granulosa-derived cells of the corpus luteum. Human chorionic gonadotropin stimulated both VEGF and EG-VEGF mRNA in vitro, but the level of expression was not influenced by progesterone. These results establish that in the human corpus luteum EG-VEGF is principally derived from granulosa lutein cells and that its synthesis is highest during the mid- to late luteal phase.

scholarly journals Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 gene transfection on bone defects and its mRNA expression in rabbits

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (13) ◽  
pp. 1187-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-mei ZHAO ◽  
Hai-bin WANG ◽  
Jia-feng YANG ◽  
Shi-qing WU ◽  
Jun-li LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

scholarly journals Characterization and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovine corpus luteum

Reproduction ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Redmer ◽  
Y. Dai ◽  
J. Li ◽  
D. S. Charnock-Jones ◽  
S. K. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

scholarly journals Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor in rat pancreas: genetic expression and testosterone regulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Morales ◽  
Sumiko Morimoto ◽  
Lorenza Díaz ◽  
Guillermo Robles ◽  
Vicente Díaz-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Rinm5f Cells ◽  
Vegf Gene ◽  
Rat Pancreas ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF) is an endothelial cell mitogen, expressed essentially in steroidogenic cells. Recently, the expression of EG-VEGF in normal human pancreas and pancreatic adenocarcinoma has been demonstrated. Epidemiologically, pancreatic carcinogenesis is more frequent in males than females, and given that androgen receptors and testosterone biotransformation have been described in pancreas, we hypothesized that testosterone could participate in the regulation of EG-VEGF expression. In this study, we investigated the regulation of EG-VEGF gene expression by testosterone in normal rat pancreatic tissue and rat insulinoma cells (RINm5F). Total RNA was extracted from rat pancreas and cultured cells. Gene expression was studied by real-time PCR and protein detection by immunohistochemistry. Serum testosterone was quantified by RIA. Results showed that EG-VEGF is expressed predominantly in pancreatic islets and vascular endothelium, as well as in RINm5F cells. EG-VEGF gene expression was lower in the pancreas of rats with higher testosterone serum levels. A similar effect that was reverted by flutamide was observed in testosterone-treated RINm5F cells. In summary, testosterone down-regulated EG-VEGF gene expression in rat pancreatic tissue and RINm5F cells. This effect could be mediated by the androgen receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a direct effect of testosterone on EG-VEGF gene expression in rat pancreas and RINm5F cells is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression in human tumor models of different histologies

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 817-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Berger ◽  
L. Herbstritt ◽  
W.A. Dengler ◽  
D. Marmé ◽  
R. Mertelsmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Tumor Models ◽  
Vegf Mrna ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Vegf Mrna Expression

ENDOCRINE GLAND-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (EG-VEGF) IN NORMAL PANCREAS AND PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA

Pancreas ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
A. Morales-Miranda ◽  
B. Ch??vez ◽  
F. Vilchis ◽  
C. Chan ◽  
G. Robles-D??az ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Normal Pancreas ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor
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