Relationship between Maternal Obesity and Birth Weight in Pregnancies Complicated by Gestational Diabetes.

2010 ◽  
pp. P1-431-P1-431
Author(s):  
A St-Yves ◽  
AS Morisset ◽  
MC Dube ◽  
A Tchernof ◽  
SJ Weisnagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Maternal Obesity

scholarly journals Maternal obesity influences birth weight more than gestational diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M Alfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are commonly encountered during pregnancy. Both conditions are independently associated with unfavorable pregnancy consequences. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of obesity and GDM on birth weight, macrosomia, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods This cohort study involved 531 women with a singleton pregnancy attending the Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia, between June 2014 and June 2015. Participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria were used for GDM diagnosis. BMI was assessed at the first antenatal visit, and obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2. All women were followed up until delivery. Women were divided into 4 groups: non-GDM nonobese (reference group), GDM nonobese, obese non-GDM, and obese GDM. Clinical characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared. Results The mean age and BMI of the participants were 30.5 years and 29.3 kg/m2, respectively. GDM was diagnosed in 50.2% of the participants, and obesity was diagnosed in 47.8% of the participants. Obese women with GDM were the oldest and heaviest among all women. The mean birth weight increased in order among the four groups; it was highest in the infants in the obese GDM group, followed by those in the obese non-GDM, GDM nonobese and reference groups. Obesity and GDM alone or in combination were associated with higher rates of macrosomia and cesarean deliveries than the reference group. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was higher in infants in the GDM nonobese and obese GDM groups. The frequency of low Apgar score was significantly higher in infants in the obese GDM group than in infants in the reference group. Conclusions Maternal obesity seems to influence birth weight more than GDM, while GDM is associated with a greater risk of admission to the NICU. The combination of both conditions is associated with the greatest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity Influences Birth Weight more than Gestational Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M Alfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract BACKGROUNDMaternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are commonly encountered during pregnancy. Both conditions are independently associated with unfavorable pregnancy consequences. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of obesity and GDM on birth weight, macrosomia, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.METHODSThis cohort study involved 531 women with a singleton pregnancy attending the Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia, between June 2014 and June 2015. Participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria were used for GDM diagnosis. BMI was assessed at the first antenatal visit, and obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2. All women were followed up until delivery. Women were divided into 4 groups: non-GDM nonobese (reference group), GDM nonobese, obese non-GDM, and obese GDM. Clinical characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared.RESULTSThe mean age and BMI of the participants were 30.5 years and 29.3 kg/m2, respectively. GDM was diagnosed in 50.2% of the participants, and obesity was diagnosed in 47.8% of the participants. Obese women with GDM were the oldest and heaviest among all women. The mean birth weight increased in order among the four groups; it was highest in the infants in the obese GDM group, followed by those in the obese non-GDM, GDM nonobese and reference groups. Obesity and GDM alone or in combination were associated with higher rates of macrosomia and cesarean deliveries than the reference group. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was higher in infants in the GDM nonobese and obese GDM groups. The frequency of low Apgar score was significantly higher in infants in the obese GDM group than in infants in the reference group.CONCLUSIONSMaternal obesity seems to influence birth weight more than GDM, while GDM is associated with a greater risk of admission to the NICU. The combination of both conditions is associated with the greatest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity Influences Birth Weight more than Gestational Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M Alfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract BACKGROUNDMaternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are commonly encountered during pregnancy. Both conditions are independently associated with unfavorable pregnancy consequences. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of obesity and GDM on birth weight, macrosomia, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.METHODSThis was a prospective study involving 531 women with a singleton pregnancy attending the Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia. Participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 32 weeks. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria were used for GDM diagnosis. BMI was assessed at the first antenatal visit, and obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2. Women were divided into 4 groups: non-GDM nonobese (reference group), GDM nonobese, obese non-GDM, and obese GDM. Clinical characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared. RESULTSThe mean age and BMI of the participants were 30.5 years and 29.3 kg/m2, respectively. GDM was diagnosed in 50.2% of the participants, and obesity was diagnosed in 47.8% of the participants. Obese women with GDM were the oldest and heaviest among all women. The mean birth weight increased in order among the four groups; it was highest in the infants in the obese GDM group, followed by those in the obese non-GDM, GDM nonobese and reference groups. Obesity and GDM alone or in combination were associated with higher rates of macrosomia and cesarean deliveries than the reference group. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was higher in infants in the GDM nonobese and obese GDM groups. The rate of low Apgar score was significantly higher in infants in the obese GDM group than in infants in the reference group.CONCLUSIONSMaternal obesity seems to influence birth weight more than GDM, while GDM is associated with a greater risk of admission to the NICU. The combination of both conditions is associated with the greatest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Maternal Obesity Influences Birth Weight more than Gestational Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman M Alfadhli
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
International Association ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract BACKGROUNDMaternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are commonly encountered during pregnancy. Both conditions are independently associated with unfavorable pregnancy consequences. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of obesity and GDM on birth weight, macrosomia, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.METHODSThis cohort study involved 531 women with a singleton pregnancy attending the Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Medina, Saudi Arabia, between June 2014 and June 2015. Participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test between 24 and 28 weeks. The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria were used for GDM diagnosis. BMI was assessed at the first antenatal visit, and obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2. All women were followed up until delivery. Women were divided into 4 groups: non-GDM nonobese (reference group), GDM nonobese, obese non-GDM, and obese GDM. Clinical characteristics and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared. RESULTSThe mean age and BMI of the participants were 30.5 years and 29.3 kg/m2, respectively. GDM was diagnosed in 50.2% of the participants, and obesity was diagnosed in 47.8% of the participants. Obese women with GDM were the oldest and heaviest among all women. The mean birth weight increased in order among the four groups; it was highest in the infants in the obese GDM group, followed by those in the obese non-GDM, GDM nonobese and reference groups. Obesity and GDM alone or in combination were associated with higher rates of macrosomia and cesarean deliveries than the reference group. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission was higher in infants in the GDM nonobese and obese GDM groups. The frequency of low Apgar score was significantly higher in infants in the obese GDM group than in infants in the reference group.CONCLUSIONSMaternal obesity seems to influence birth weight more than GDM, while GDM is associated with a greater risk of admission to the NICU. The combination of both conditions is associated with the greatest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Maternal Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes Differentially Influence Placental and Pregnancy Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martino ◽  
S. Sebert ◽  
M. T. Segura ◽  
L. García-Valdés ◽  
J. Florido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Energy Sensing

Abstract Context: Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can both contribute to adverse neonatal outcomes. The extent to which this may be mediated by differences in placental metabolism and nutrient transport remains to be determined. Objective: Our objective was to examine whether raised maternal body mass index (BMI) and/or GDM contributed to a resetting of the expression of genes within the placenta that are involved in energy sensing, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic pathways. Methods: Pregnant women from Spain were recruited as part of the “Study of Maternal Nutrition and Genetics on the Foetal Adiposity Programming” survey at the first antenatal visit (12–20 weeks of gestation) and stratified according to prepregnancy BMI and the incidence of GDM. At delivery, placenta and cord blood were sampled and newborn anthropometry measured. Results: Obese women with GDM had higher estimated fetal weight at 34 gestational weeks and a greater risk of preterm deliveries and cesarean section. Birth weight was unaffected by BMI or GDM; however, women who were obese with normal glucose tolerance had increased placental weight and higher plasma glucose and leptin at term. Gene expression for markers of placental energy sensing and oxidative stress, were primarily affected by maternal obesity as mTOR was reduced, whereas SIRT-1 and UCP2 were both upregulated. In placenta from obese women with GDM, gene expression for AMPK was also reduced, whereas the downstream regulator of mTOR, p70S6KB1 was raised. Conclusions: Placental gene expression is sensitive to both maternal obesity and GDM which both impact on energy sensing and could modulate the effect of either raised maternal BMI or GDM on birth weight.

scholarly journals Influence of Foetal Macrosomia on the Neonatal and Maternal Birth Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1191-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Margit Jutta Pahlitzsch ◽  
Laura Hanne ◽  
Wolfgang Henrich ◽  
Alexander Weichert
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Birth Outcome ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Shoulder Dystocia ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction Foetal macrosomia is associated with various obstetrical complications and is a common reason for inductions and primary or secondary Caesarean sections. The objective of this study is the generation of descriptive data on the mode of delivery and on maternal and foetal complications in the case of foetal macrosomia. The causes and consequences of foetal macrosomia as well as the rate of shoulder dystocia are examined in relation to the severity of the macrosomia. Patients The study investigated all singleton births ≥ 37 + 0 weeks of pregnancy with a birth weight ≥ 4000 g at the Charité University Medicine Berlin (Campus Mitte 2001 – 2017, Campus Virchow Klinikum 2014 – 2017). Results 2277 consecutive newborns (birth weight 4000 – 4499 g [88%], 4500 – 4999 g [11%], ≥ 5000 g [1%]) were included. Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes were more common in the case of newborns weighing ≥ 4500 g than newborns weighing 4000 – 4499 g (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001). Women with newborns ≥ 5000 g were more often ≥ 40 years of age (p = 0.020) and multipara (p = 0.025). The mode of delivery was spontaneous in 60% of cases, vaginal-surgical in 9%, per primary section in 14% and per secondary section in 17%. With a birth weight ≥ 4500 g, a vaginal delivery was more rare (p < 0.001) and the rate of secondary sections was increased (p = 0.011). Women with newborns ≥ 4500 g suffered increased blood loss more frequently (p = 0.029). There was no significant difference with regard to the rate of episiotomies or serious birth injuries. Shoulder dystocia occurred more frequently at a birth weight of ≥ 4500 g (5 vs. 0.9%, p = 0.000). Perinatal acidosis occurred in 2% of newborns without significant differences between the groups. Newborns ≥ 4500 g were transferred to neonatology more frequently (p < 0.001). Conclusion An increased birth weight is associated with an increased maternal risk and an increased rate of primary and secondary sections as well as shoulder dystocia; no differences in the perinatal outcome between newborns with a birth weight of 4000 – 4499 g and ≥ 4500 g were seen. In our collective, a comparably low incidence of shoulder dystocia was seen. In the literature, the frequency is indicated with a large range (1.9 – 10% at 4000 – 4499 g, 2.5 – 20% at 4500 – 5000 g and 10 – 20% at ≥ 5000 g). One possible cause for the low rate could be the equally low prevalence of gestational diabetes in our collective. A risk stratification of the pregnant women (e.g. avoidance of vacuum extraction, taking gestational diabetes into account during delivery planning) is crucial. If macrosomia is presumed, it is recommended that delivery take place at a perinatal centre in the presence of a specialist physician, due to the increased incidence of foetal and maternal complications.

The correlation of foetal ultrasound and HbA1c with birth weight in women with gestational diabetes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Stepien ◽  
Sophie Rambihar ◽  
Sue Leigh-Atkins ◽  
Gbemisola Okinoye ◽  
Angelos Kyriacou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Diabetes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document