scholarly journals The Contribution of Intraabdominal Fat to Gender Differences in Hepatic Lipase Activity and Low/High Density Lipoprotein Heterogeneity1

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2831-2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly C. Carr ◽  
John E. Hokanson ◽  
Alberto Zambon ◽  
Samir S. Deeb ◽  
P. Hugh R. Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Promoter Polymorphism ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
High Density ◽  
Ldl Particles ◽  
The Difference

Hepatic lipase (HL) hydrolyzes triglyceride and phospholipid in low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C, respectively), and elevated HL activity is associated with small, dense atherogenic LDL particles and reduced HDL2-C. Elevated HL activity is associated with increasing age, male gender, high amounts of intraabdominal fat (IAF), and the HL gene (LIPC) promoter polymorphism (C nucleotide at −514). We investigated the mechanisms underlying the difference in HL activity between men (n = 44) and premenopausal women (n = 63). Men had significantly more IAF (144.5 ± 80.9 vs. 66.5 ± 43.2 cm2, respectively; P< 0.001), higher HL activity (220.9 ± 94.7 vs.129.9 ± 53.5 nmol/mL·min; P < 0.001), more dense LDL (Rf, 0.277 ± 0.032 vs. 0.300 ± 0.024; P = 0.01), and less HDL2-C (0.19 ± 0.10 vs. 0.32± 0.16 mmol/L; P < 0.001) than women. After adjusting for IAF and the LIPC polymorphism, men continued to have higher (but attenuated) HL activity (194.5 ± 80.4 vs.151.0 ± 45.2, respectively; P = 0.007) and lower HDL2-C (0.23 ± 0.11 vs. 0.29 ± 0.14 mmol/L; P = 0.02) than women. Using multiple regression, HL activity remained independently related to IAF (P < 0.001), gender (P < 0.001), and the LIPC genotype (P < 0.001), with these factors accounting for 50% of the variance in HL activity. These data suggest that IAF is a major component of the gender difference in HL activity, but other gender-related differences, perhaps sex steroid hormones, also contribute to the higher HL activity seen in men compared with premenopausal women. The higher HL activity in men affects both LDL and HDL heterogeneity and may contribute to the gender difference in cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Effect of Thyroid Dysfunction on High-Density Lipoprotein Subfraction Metabolism: Roles of Hepatic Lipase and Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein1

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 2921-2924 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. B. Tan ◽  
S. W. M. Shiu ◽  
A. W. C. Kung.
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesteryl Ester ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Hdl Metabolism ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

abstract To investigate the effect of thyroid dysfunction on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism, we measured HDL subfractions, apolipoprotein A-I containing particles (LpA-I and LpA-I:A-II), and the activities of enzymes involved in the remodeling and metabolism of HDL[ namely hepatic lipase (HL), lipoprotein lipase, and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)] in 18 hyperthyroid and 17 hypothyroid patients before and after treatment. HDL was subfractionated by density gradient ultracentrifugation, and LpA-I was analyzed by electroimmunodiffusion. The major changes were found in the HDL2 subfraction and in LpA-I particles. HDL2-C and LpA-I were reduced in hyperthyroidism (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) and increased in hypothyroidism (both P < 0.05) compared with their respective euthyroid matched controls. Changes in HDL2-cholesterol were reversed after treatment in both hyper- and hypothyroid patients, and LpA-I also decreased in the hypothyroid patients after treatment. HL (P < 0.05) and CETP activities (P < 0.05) were elevated in hyperthyroidism and reduced in hypothyroidism (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 respectively) and both were related to free T4 levels. The changes in HDL2-C and LpA-I correlated significantly with changes in HL after treatment but not with CETP or lipoprotein lipase. In summary, HDL metabolism was altered in thyroid dysfunction, and the effect of thyroid hormone on HDL was mediated mainly via its effect on HL activity.

Relationship between Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Concentrations and Lipoprotein Lipase and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Children with Hyperlipidaemia

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Gamlen ◽  
E. Layward ◽  
F. McTaggart ◽  
D. P. R. Muller
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Plasma High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma High Density

1. Significant positive correlations were found between the lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities of post-heparin plasma samples and plasma high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations in 21 children with hyperlipidaemia and six normal adult males. 2. A significant positive correlation was also observed between the two lipase activities and the ratio of HDL cholesterol to apoprotein AI (apo AI) concentrations. 3. These findings provide further evidence that a significant proportion of HDL and possibly the HDL2 subfraction is formed during the clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

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