Finite element analysis of the phase transformation effect in residual stresses generated by quenching in notched steel cylinders

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
E P Silva ◽  
P M C L Pacheco ◽  
M. A Savi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Induction Hardening ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Behaviour ◽  
Quenching Process

The determination of residual stresses is an important task in the analysis of the quenching process. Nevertheless, because of the complexity of the phenomenon, many simplifications are usually adopted in the prediction of these stresses for engineering purposes. One of these simplifications is the effect of phase transformation. Many studies analyse residual stresses generated by the quenching process considering a thermoelastoplastic approach, neglecting phase transformation. The present study analyses the effect of austenite-martensite phase transformation during quenching in the determination of residual stresses, comparing two different models: complete (thermoelastoplastic model with austenite-martensite phase transformation) and without phase transformation (thermoelastoplastic model without phase transformation). The finite element method is employed for spatial discretization together with a constitutive model that represents the thermomechanical behaviour of the quenching process. Progressive induction hardening of steel cylinders with semicircular notches is of concern. Numerical simulations show situations where great discrepancies are introduced in the predicted residual stresses if phase transformation is neglected.

Investigation of Residual Stress Development During Swage Autofrettage, Using Finite Element Analysis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Gibson ◽  
Amer Hameed ◽  
John G. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reverse Yielding

Swaging is one method of autofrettage, a means of pre-stressing high-pressure vessels to increase their fatigue lives and load bearing capacity. Swaging achieves the required deformation through physical interference between an oversized mandrel and the bore diameter of the tube, as it is pushed through the tube. A Finite Element model of the swaging process was developed, in ANSYS, and systematically refined, to investigate the mechanism of deformation and subsequent development of residual stresses. A parametric study was undertaken, of various properties such as mandrel slope angle, parallel section length and friction coefficient. It is observed that the axial stress plays a crucial role in the determination of the residual hoop stress and reverse yielding. The model, and results obtained from it, provides a means of understanding the swaging process and how it responds to different parameters. This understanding, coupled with future improvements to the model, potentially allows the swaging process to be refined, in terms of residual stresses development and mandrel driving force.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional finite element simulation of residual stresses in UIC60 rails during the quenching process

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1301-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejad Masoudi ◽  
Mahmoud Shariati ◽  
Khalil Farhangdoost
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Quenching Process ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

The aim of this paper is to develop means to predict accurately the residual stresses due to quenching process of an UIC60 rail. A 3-D non-linear stress analysis model has been applied to estimate stress fields of an UIC60 rail in the quenching process. A cooling mechanism with water spray is simulated applying the elastic-plastic finite element analysis for the rail. The 3-D finite element analysis results of the studies presented in this paper are needed to describe the initial conditions for analyses of how the service conditions may act to change the as-manufactured stress field.

Numerical Study of Welding with Trailing Heat Sink Considering Phase Transformation Effects

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 2118-2122
Author(s):  
Shirish R. Kala ◽  
N. Siva Prasad ◽  
G. Phanikumar
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Element Analysis

Welding process with trailing heat sink for 2 mm mild steel plates has been analyzed to estimate distortion and residual stresses using a finite element modeling software Sysweld. The material properties used for the analysis are both temperature dependent and phase dependent. A transient thermal analysis is carried out using Goldak double ellipsoidal heat source model and heat sink as Gaussian model with negative heat flux. The finite element analysis (FEA) is conducted by considering the material properties of all phases of steel as well as without phase transformation i.e. by considering properties of only ferrite phase. Temperature distribution, distortion and residual stresses are calculated and compared for four cases: without phase without cooling, without phase with cooling, with phase without cooling and with phase with cooling. It is found that FEA without phase transformation effects overestimates the residual stresses in the fusion zone (FZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ). It is also found that a trailing heat sink reduces transverse compressive residual stresses thus minimizing the possibilities of buckling.

scholarly journals Determination of a synchronous generator characteristics via Finite Element Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatko Kolondzovski ◽  
Lidija Petkovska
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Salient Pole ◽  
Element Method

In the paper a determination of characteristics of a small salient pole synchronous generator (SG) is presented. Machine characteristics are determined via Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and for that purpose is used the software package FEMM Version 3.3. After performing their calculation and analysis, one can conclude that most of the characteristics presented in this paper can be obtained only by using the Finite Element Method (FEM).

Investigation of Residual Stress Development During Swage Autofrettage, Using Finite Element Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Gibson ◽  
Amer Hameed ◽  
John G. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reverse Yielding

Swaging is one method of autofrettage, a means of prestressing high-pressure vessels to increase their fatigue lives and load bearing capacity. Swaging achieves the required deformation through physical interference between an oversized mandrel and the bore diameter of the tube, as it is pushed through the tube. A finite element model of the swaging process was developed, in ansys, and systematically refined, to investigate the mechanism of deformation and subsequent development of residual stresses. A parametric study was undertaken, of various properties such as mandrel slope angle, parallel section length, and friction coefficient. It is observed that the axial stress plays a crucial role in the determination of the residual hoop stress and reverse yielding. The model, and results obtained from it, provides a means of understanding the swaging process and how it responds to different parameters. This understanding, coupled with future improvements to the model, potentially allows the swaging process to be refined, in terms of residual stresses development and mandrel driving force.

Finite Element Analysis of a Quasi-Static Rolling Tire Model for Determination of Truck Tire Forces and Moments

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Longitudinal Slip ◽  
Tire Forces

Abstract The finite element method is used to simulate the slow (quasi-static) rolling of a radial truck tire subjected to ground plane tractions. Three conditions are considered, namely, (1) straight free rolling, (2) cornering, and (3) braking. Lateral and longitudinal slip are calculated by analyzing the motion of a moveable road surface relative to the wheel plane. Footprint moments are calculated for the cornering and braking condition. In addition, cornering stiffness, braking stiffness, and aligning stiffness are calculated and compared to measured results. Computational benchmark data is provided. The simulation was performed with the ABAQUS finite element program.

Three-Dimensional Transient Residual Stress Finite Element Analysis for a Laser Clad Surface

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ghosh ◽  
J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Phase Transformation Kinetics

Laser aided manufacturing process inherently includes many nonlinear and non-equilibrium transport phenomena due to non-uniform and rapid heat flow caused by the laser and the material interaction. Comprehensive understanding of the transport phenomenon and heat transfer analysis including phase transformation is essential to predict the effects of thermally induced residual stresses and distortions in deposited materials. It not only helps to improve the process but also reduces the long and cumbersome experimental route to compile sufficient data to predict the material behavior under similar loading conditions. This paper is an attempt towards a methodology of finite element analysis for the prediction of quenching related macroscopic as well as microscopic residual stress in a laser cladding process. A finite element program has been written to account for the micro-residual stress effects. The program is essentially a coupling between a preliminary estimation of temperature history of the system and the final prediction of residual stresses which also include the phase transformation kinetics of the material during its cooling. The importance of considering phase transformation effects during quenching is also verified through the comparison of the magnitudes of residual stresses with and without the inclusion of phase transformation kinetics. The FEA program for this model is a very useful tool for designing and optimizing Laseraided Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) process conditions so that products with the best internal quality and dimensional accuracy can be built.

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