Investigation of adsorption behaviour of lubricants in near-dry machining

Near-dry machining (NDM) is a technology with many ecological and economic benefits that uses very small amounts of metal working fluid (MWF). In order to increase the applications of this technology, the tribological mechanism during this process needs to be better understood. To accomplish this, two experimental set-ups were configured. The first involved a vacuum chamber where changes of gas near the cutting area can be traced by a mass spectrometer. The second has an atmospheric chamber where practical cutting can be done for cutting-performance comparison. Three gases - argon, nitrogen, and oxygen - were used with and without an ester in a series of orthogonal cutting tests to understand their roles in lubrication. It was found that oxygen adsorbs best onto a newly generated work surface and plays a significant role in promoting adsorption of the ester and, in turn, creating a lubrication film. Therefore, it is important to supply an abundant amount of oxygen in NDM to provide good lubrication conditions.

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Influence of metal working fluid on chip formation and mechanical loads in orthogonal cutting

The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology ◽

10.1007/s00170-021-08164-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Berend Denkena ◽

Alexander Krödel ◽

Lars Ellersiek

Keyword(s):

Chip Formation ◽

High Speed ◽

Orthogonal Cutting ◽

Machining Process ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Rake Face ◽

Metal Working ◽

Mechanical Loads ◽

Working Fluids ◽

Process Forces

AbstractMetal working fluids are used in machining processes of many hard-to-cut materials to increase tool life and productivity. Thereby, the metal working fluids act on the thermal and on the mechanical loads of the tool. The changing mechanical loads can mostly be attributed to the changing friction between rake face and chip and changes in the chip formation, e.g., the contact length between rake face and chip. However, analyzing those effects is challenging, since a detailed look at the chip formation process is prevented by the metal working fluid. In this paper, a novel planing test rig is presented, which enables high-speed recordings of the machining process and process force measurements while using metal working fluids. Experiments reveal that process forces are reduced with increasing pressure of the metal working fluid. However, the average friction coefficient only changes slightly, which indicates that the reduced process forces are mainly the result of reduced contact lengths between rake face and chip.

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Investigating the Effect of Metal Working Fluid in Orthogonal Cutting of AISI 420 Stainless Steel Using 3-Dimensional Finite Element Model

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering - Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1007/978-981-32-9931-3_57 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 593-602

Author(s):

Madan Mohan Reddy Nune ◽

Phaneendra Kiran Chaganti

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Finite Element Model ◽

Orthogonal Cutting ◽

Element Model ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Metal Working ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Aisi 420 ◽

Dimensional Finite Element

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27. Metal Working Fluid Assessment at the Coast Mountain Bus Company Fleet Overhaul Center

10.3320/1.2758743 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

C. Lynch ◽

K. Bartlett

Keyword(s):

Working Fluid ◽

Metal Working ◽

Fluid Assessment

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6. Evaluation of Five Extraction Protocols for Determination of Endotoxin in Metal Working Fluid Aerosol

10.3320/1.2765980 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

K. Bartlett ◽

J. Phipps ◽

K. Kulhankova ◽

P. Thorne

Keyword(s):

Working Fluid ◽

Metal Working

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425. An Evaluation of Metal Working Fluid Mist Generation at a Machining Center

10.3320/1.2765108 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

W. Heitbrink ◽

G. Dye ◽

A. Spencer

Keyword(s):

Working Fluid ◽

Metal Working ◽

Machining Center

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Metal working fluid-associated hypersensitivity pneumonitis: An outbreak investigation and case-control study

American Journal of Industrial Medicine ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199901)35:1<58::aid-ajim8>3.0.co;2-5 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 58-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

John Fox ◽

Henry Anderson ◽

Terry Moen ◽

George Gruetzmacher ◽

Larry Hanrahan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Outbreak Investigation ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Metal Working ◽

Control Study

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Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology ◽

10.1108/ilt-11-2017-0330 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (9) ◽

pp. 1569-1579 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.R. Noor El-Din ◽

Marwa R. Mishrif ◽

Satish V. Kailas ◽

Suvin P.S. ◽

Jagadeesh K. Mannekote

Keyword(s):

Surface Morphology ◽

Corrosion Inhibitor ◽

Castor Oil ◽

Cutting Fluid ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Cutting Fluids ◽

Metal Working ◽

Content Type ◽

Metalworking Fluid ◽

3D Profilometer

PurposeThis paper aims to formulate a new metal working fluid (MWF) composition including some eco-friendly emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitor, biocide, and non- edible vegetable oil (castor oil) as the base oil. To achieve this aim, five MWFs with different hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) value as 10, 9.5, 9, 8.5 and 8 were prepared to identify the optimum HLB value that gives a highly stable oil-in-water emulsion. The performance of castor oil based MWF was evaluated using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel disc and friction pin was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3D profilometer. The results revealed that the use of the prepared cutting fluid (E1) caused the cutting force to decrease from 500 N for dry high-speed steel sample to 280N, while the same value for a commercial cutting fluid (COM) was recorded as 340 N at drilling speed and cutting feed force as 1120 rpm and 4 mm/min., respectively.Design/methodology/approachA castor oil-based metalworking fluid was prepared using nonionic surfactants. The composition of the metalworking fluid was further optimized by adding performance-enhancing additives. The performance of castor oil based MWF was analyzed using Tool chip tribometer and Drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel ball and a disc was done using 3D profilometer and SEM.FindingsStudies revealed that castor oil-based MWF having Monoethanolamine (MEA) as corrosion inhibitor was found to be highly stable. The drilling dynamometer and tool chip tribometer studies showed that castor oil-based MWF performance was comparable to that of commercial MWF.Research limitations/implicationsThis study aims to explore the performance of the castor oil based metalworking fluid (MWF) using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer.Practical implicationsThe conventional MWFs are petroleum derives and are unsustainable. Use of non-edible plant-based oils for preparing the MWF will not only be conserved environment but also add value addition to agricultural crops.Social implicationsThe social Implications is aiming to decrease the environmental impact that results from the using of mineral cutting fluids.Originality/valueThe originality of this work is to replace the mineral oil and synthetic oil based cutting fluids with more eco-friendly alternatives one. In addition, the investigation will focus on developing functional additives required for cutting fluids which are environmentally benign.

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