Brachial Artery Blood Flow Responses to Different Modalities of Lower Limb Exercise

We compared changes in upper- and lower-limb artery endothelial-dependent vasodilatory and vasoconstrictor responses between control, prostaglandin inhibition, and endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor inhibition conditions. Neither prostaglandins nor endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor influenced flow-mediated dilation responses in either the brachial or popliteal artery. In contrast, endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor, but not prostaglandins, reduced resting brachial artery blood flow and shear rate and resting popliteal artery diameter, as well as low-flow-mediated constriction responses in both the popliteal and brachial arteries.

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Effect of lower limb exercise and cardiac pacing on forearm blood flow: Contribution of nitric oxide (NO)?

Heart Lung and Circulation ◽

10.1046/j.1443-9506.2003.02484.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. A62

Author(s):

Craig Cheetham ◽

Gerry O'Driscoll ◽

Louise Mavaddat ◽

Katie Watts ◽

Chelsea Henderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Forearm Blood Flow ◽

Cardiac Pacing ◽

Lower Limb Exercise ◽

Limb Exercise

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Effect of lower limb exercise on forearm vascular function: contribution of nitric oxide

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00049.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 283 (3) ◽

pp. H899-H907 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Daniel Green ◽

Craig Cheetham ◽

Louise Mavaddat ◽

Katie Watts ◽

Matthew Best ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Young Males ◽

Repeated Exercise ◽

Flow Velocity Measurement ◽

Lower Limb Exercise ◽

Limb Exercise ◽

Hyperemic Response

We examined vascular function in an inactive muscle bed, the forearm, during lower limb exercise and determined the contribution of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) to the hyperemic response. Eight young males were randomized to participate in two studies, each consisting of two bouts of lower limb exercise, separated by a 30-min recovery. Peak forearm blood flow (PFBF) and mean blood flow (MFBF) were continuously recorded at baseline and during exercise using continuous high-resolution vascular ultrasound and Doppler flow velocity measurement. During one session, the brachial artery was cannulated to allow continuous infusion of saline or N G-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA), an inhibitor of NO synthase. The alternate session was performed to control for possible effects of repeated exercise. At 60, 100, and 160 W, l-NMMA significantly decreased both PFBF and MFBF compared with the saline infusion. These results suggest that systemic production of NO occurs during exercise in resting vessel beds, which do not feed metabolically active tissue. This finding provides a plausible explanation for the antiatherogenic benefits of exercise.

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Brachial artery adaptation to lower limb exercise training: role of shear stress

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01489.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 112 (10) ◽

pp. 1653-1658 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Gurpreet K. Birk ◽

Ellen A. Dawson ◽

Ceri Atkinson ◽

Andrew Haynes ◽

N. Timothy Cable ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Exercise Bout ◽

Lower Limb Exercise ◽

Cycle Training ◽

Limb Exercise

Lower limb exercise increases upper limb conduit artery blood flow and shear stress, and leg exercise training can enhance upper limb vascular function. We therefore examined the contribution of shear stress to changes in vascular function in the nonexercising upper limbs in response to lower limb cycling exercise training. Initially, five male subjects underwent bilateral brachial artery duplex ultrasound to measure blood flow and shear responses to 30-min cycling exercise at 80% of maximal heart rate. Responses in one forearm were significantly ( P < 0.05) attenuated via cuff inflation throughout the exercise bout. An additional 11 subjects participated in an 8-wk cycle training study undertaken at a similar intensity, with unilateral cuff inflation around the forearm during each exercise bout. Bilateral brachial artery flow-mediated dilation responses to a 5-min ischemic stimulus (FMD%), an ischemic handgrip exercise stimulus (iEX), and endothelium-independent NO donor administration [glyceryl trinitrate (GTN)] were measured at 2, 4, and 8 wk. Cycle training increased FMD% in the noncuffed limb at week 2, after which time responses returned toward baseline levels (5.8 ± 4.1, 8.6 ± 3.8, 7.4 ± 3.5, 6.0 ± 2.3 at 0, 2, 4 and 8 wk, respectively; ANOVA: P = 0.04). No changes in FMD% were observed in the cuffed arm. No changes were evident in response to iEX or GTN in either the cuffed or noncuffed arms ( P > 0.05) across the 8-wk intervention period. Our data suggest that lower limb cycle training induces a transient increase in upper limb vascular function in healthy young humans, which is, at least partly, mediated via shear stress.

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Lower limb exercise generates pulsatile flow into the pulmonary vascular bed in the setting of the Fontan circulation

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s104795111800015x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 732-733 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rachael Cordina ◽

David S. Celermajer ◽

Yves d’Udekem

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Pulsatile Flow ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽

Fontan Circulation ◽

Vascular Bed ◽

Lower Limb Exercise ◽

Limb Exercise ◽

Pulmonary Vascular Bed

AbstractThe absence of a subpulmonary ventricle in the Fontan circulation results in non-pulsatile pulmonary blood flow. Lower limb exercise in this setting can generate pulsatile pulmonary blood flow.

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