Labyrinthine involvement and multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane in acute otitis media due to group A streptococci

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeharu Kanazawa ◽  
Hideo Hagiwara ◽  
Ken Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Mixed Hearing Loss ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

We present here three cases of acute otitis media caused by a virulent group A streptococcal infection that rapidly led to deterioration in hearing. Two of the three cases presented with severe sensorineural and mixed hearing loss with multiple tympanic membrane perforations, and the third presented with severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss following acute otitis media involving group A streptococci. All patients were treated with systemic (piperacillin) and topical antibiotics (ofloxacin ear drops): one patient also received a systemic steroid (betamethasone). Deafness persisted in one patient but in the other two, hearing gradually recovered. Severe cytotoxicity was considered to have occurred in all patients, resulting in multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and necrosis in the middle ear.

scholarly journals A study of status of contralateral ear in unilateral chronic otitis media in 500 patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Prabaakharan Jambunathan ◽  
Arvinder S. Maan ◽  
Karan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Hearing Loss ◽  
Contralateral Ear

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study was to examine the contralateral ear clinically, audiologically and radiologically and compare the findings with squamous and mucosal type of chronic otitis media (COM).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study conducted in patients attending ENT Department, Government Medical College, Amritsar between December 2016 to November 2018. The study was conducted in 500 patients of either sex aged between 8 to 60 years with unilateral COM without perforation or history of ear discharge in the contralateral ear. Otoscopy, pure tone audiometry and X-ray mastoid or high-resolution computed tomography temporal bone were done on the patients. The results were recorded and analysed with SPSS software.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 82% patients were found to have some abnormalities in the contralateral ear. On otoscopy abnormalities in contralateral ear includes retraction of tympanic membrane, thinning and tympanosclerotic patch, most common abnormality being retraction of tympanic membrane. Radiological analysis of contralateral mastoids showed 39% diploic and 22.8% sclerotic mastoids. Hearing status in the contralateral ear showed 45.6% patient with normal hearing, 48.6% with conductive hearing loss and 5.8% with mixed hearing loss. 40.4% contralateral ears had mild, 12% had moderate and 2% had severe hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Contralateral ear pathologies were more in those who had squamosal type of COM than who had mucosal type in the diseased ear. The contralateral ear shows unmistakable predilection towards developing COM in the future.</p><p class="abstract"> </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals A Case Series of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Primarily Diagnosed by Otological Manifestations

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Sahyouni ◽  
Omid Moshtaghi ◽  
Mehdi Abouzari ◽  
Phuonganh Le ◽  
Jack Birkenbeuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Mixed Hearing Loss

Objective: To describe a case series of previously undiagnosed granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients who presented primarily with otological manifestations. Method: We report a series of patients visited at a neurotology clinic who were eventually diagnosed with GPA based on their otologic complaints and had no prior knowledge of having this condition. Results: In this series, 10 (91%) patients presented with hearing loss (HL), more than half of which were bilateral (60%). Upon audiometric examination, all but 1 patient had mixed, conductive, or sensorineural HL. All patients presented with eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), otitis media with effusion (OME), or both. Nasal endoscopy showed intranasal pathology in 3 (27%) patients. Otologic symptoms were improved in all patients after treatment with an average of 4 in-office follow-up appointments. Conclusion: GPA should be included in the differential diagnosis of adults with unexplained mixed hearing loss, new onset serous effusion, or acute otitis media in the absence of a previous history of ETD. Laboratory tests (ie, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein) along with a urinalysis can aid in screening these patients. In cases in which the index of suspicion is high, repeated testing could reduce the risk of false negative findings.

Pathogenesis of Tympanosclerosis

1993 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh H. Bhaya ◽  
Patricia A. Schachern ◽  
Tetsuo Morizono ◽  
Michael M. Paparella
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mixed Hearing Loss ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Over 40 Years

In spite of the wealth of information on the clinical, histologic, and pathologic aspects of tympanosclerosis, the pathogenesis of tympanosclerosis is still unclear. In an attempt to understand the pathogenesis, 319 human temporal bones from 196 individuals with otitis media were studied. The extent and nature of tympanosclerosis and the characteristics of the otitis media associated with it were studied. Forty-five temporal bones from 35 individuals with otitis media were found to have tympanosclerosis, giving an incidence of 14.1%. It was seen most commonly in individuals over 40 years of age (86.7%). The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. The most common site of occurrence was the tympanic membrane (88.9%). Tympanosclerosis was seen more often in the anterior and posterior inferior quadrants of the tympanic membrane and that, too, in a central position. Tympanosclerosis was seen more commonly in temporal bones with irreversible inflammatory changes, and in this group, late plaques were more commonly seen than early or intermediate plaques. Audiometric charts failed to show any direct relationship between extent of tympanosclerosis and the severity of hearing loss. The only audiometric finding of any consequence was a mixed hearing loss in the presence of middle ear tympanosclerosis. (OTOLARYNGOL HEAD NECK SURG 1993;109:413–20.)

scholarly journals The correlation between hearing loss and the site of eardrum perforation: about 260 cases

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Iziki O ◽  
Ahmadou A ◽  
Abdulhakeem B ◽  
Chbaata A ◽  
Rouadi S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Average Loss

Introduction: Some authors have assumed that the hearing loss depends on the site and the size of the perforations, but the results were contradictory and inconclusive. The aim of this present study is to find correlation between hearing loss and the location of tympanic membrane perforation after a chronic otitis media. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in our ENT department, university hospital Ibn Rochd Casablanca Morocco. Two hundred sixty patients were enrolled in this study with eardrum perforation and without any neurosensory hearing loss or middle/ inner ear diseases. Data processing and analysis were carried out with computer software SPSS. Results: Two hundred sixty patients (103 males, 157 females) with age range 8–67 years (mean = 35.9) were studied. Bilateral tympanic membrane perforations were seen in 84 patients (60%), unilateral perforation in 176 patients (68%). In the 260 patients, 253 eardrum perforations were caused by chronic otitis media. Only 7 cases were due to a traumatism. The tympanic perforation was posterior in 64 cases (24.6%), subtotal in 54 cases (20.8%), central in 49 cases (18.8%), anterior in 44 cases (16.9%), antero-superior in 1 case, antero-inferior in 23 cases (8.8%), postero-superior in 5 cases (1.9%), and postero-inferior in 10 cases (3.8%). The tympanic perforation was inferior in 10 cases (3.8%). Perforation’s sites on the tympanic membrane were correlated with the groups of average hearing loss. For anterior perforations the average loss was moderate in 52.3% and severe in 13.6%. For posterior perforations the average loss was moderate in 75%. For subtotal perforation, the percentage was equal for mild and moderate hearing loss. The average loss for anterior perforations was 41.93 dB. The average loss for posterior ones was 42.66 dB. Conclusion: The current study aimed to correlate the degree of hearing loss to the different site of perforation. From the present study we can tell that Hearing loss in chronic otitis media is independent of the site of eardrum perforation. Nevertheless, further studies are needed with a representative population to confirm our results. Keywords: Site of eardrum perforation; Hearing loss; Bone conduction

Antimicrobial Treatment of Acute Otitis Media

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Canafax ◽  
G. Scott Giebink
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Etiologic Role ◽  
History Of

Episodes of acute otitis media frequently occur in childhood and are attended by significant morbidity, such as hearing loss and possible speech delay. Bacteria play an important etiologic role in the pathogenesis of otitis media; therefore, antimicrobial agents are the cornerstone in the treatment of this disease. Many antimicrobial choices are available for treating children with acute otitis media. To choose an antimicrobial for each patient, consideration must be given to the patient's age, history of otitis media episodes, and responses to previously used antimicrobial drugs, and the regional antimicrobial susceptibility of the otitis media pathogens.

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